男性性病门诊就诊者接受性病艾滋病检测短信提醒服务的意愿及影响因素调查

目的 了解男性性病门诊就诊者对短信提醒服务的接受意愿及其影响因素,为实施短信提醒干预措施提供参考。方法 采用方便抽样的方法,选取在无锡市疾病预防控制中心性病门诊就诊的男性就诊者为调查对象,开展匿名问卷调查。结果 共调查368人,其中75.5%的人愿意接受短信提醒服务,定期提醒其检测HIV/STD。57.2%的人愿意每3个月接受一次短信提醒,38.1%的人愿意每6个月接受一次短信提醒。53.8%的人愿意将此项服务推荐给有需要的性伴侣,44.8%的人愿意将此项服务推荐给有需要的朋友。多因素 logistic回归分析显示:高中及以上文化程度(aOR=3.632,95%CI:1.939～6.715)、曾发生过男男性行为(aOR=1.973,95%CI:1.234～8.358)、过去1年中接受过艾滋病相关服务(OR=9.416,95%CI:4.822～18.309)的男性性病门诊就诊者更愿意接受短信提醒服务。结论 短信提醒服务在男性性病门诊就诊者中具有一定的可接受性,未来在性病门诊实施短信提醒干预措施具有可行性。同时,在为性病门诊就诊者提供常规的干预服务时应加强短信提醒服务的宣传和解释,以提高就诊者对短信提醒服务的接受率。     

HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂支付意愿及其影响因素分析

目的 了解HIV自愿咨询检测求询者、性病门诊就诊者、高校学生、社区流动人口、女性性工作者、MSM和注射吸毒者对HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂的支付意愿及其影响因素。方法 采用不同抽样方法,对7类人群共511人进行匿名问卷调查,回收有效调查问卷509份。结果 调查对象中男性占54.8%,20～29岁占41.5%,高中及以上文化程度者占60.3%,未婚者占55.4%,无业者占37.3%,每月可支配费用低于2 000元者占73.3%.调查对象中44.2%曾经做过HIV检测,28.3%听说过HIV抗体唾液检测,21.0%愿意接受唾液检测,仅2.0%做过唾液检测,仅1.0%买过试剂自检,84.1%愿意购买HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂。单因素logistic回归分析显示:人群类别、年龄、文化程度、工作情况、每月可支配费用、HIV检测经历和唾液检测意愿与HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂支付意愿有关;多因素logistic回归分析提示,人群类型和每月可支配费用与HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂支付意愿有关。结论 HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂的支付意愿存在地区和人群差异;不同人群对HIV抗体唾液快速检测试剂的支付意愿不同;支付能力影响支付意愿。     

性病就诊者艾滋病和梅毒检测意愿及影响因素分析

目的了解性病门诊就诊者艾滋病和梅毒检测意愿及影响因素。方法选择宁波市北仑区4家性病门诊的就诊者为研究对象,调查HIV抗体和梅毒检测意愿,比较不同性别、就诊科室、就诊原因等就诊者检测意愿差异。结果调查550例性病就诊者,咨询前分别有69.64%和68.55%的患者有HIV抗体、梅毒检测意愿;经医务人员咨询后,HIV抗体、梅毒检测意愿率分别提高至72.18%和70.18%。接受HIV抗体和梅毒检测的397例和386例患者中,HIV抗体阳性2例,阳性率0.50%;梅毒58例,检出率为15.03%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=2.573,95%CI:1.007~6.571)、就诊科室为妇产科(OR=0.101,95%CI:0.041~0.249)和就诊原因为复诊(OR=0.114,95%CI:0.066~0.198)是HIV抗体检测意愿的影响因素;就诊科室为妇产科(OR=0.136,95%CI:0.060~0.311)、就诊原因为复诊(OR=0.150,95%CI:0.089~0.253)和有高危行为(OR=0.461,95%CI:0.230~0.923)是梅毒检测意愿的影响因素。结论女性、妇产科就诊患者、复诊的性病患者HIV抗体检测意愿较低;妇产科就诊患者、复诊、有高危行为的性病患者梅毒检测意愿较低。     

性病门诊就诊者艾滋病自愿咨询检测情况分析

[目的]分析性病门诊就诊者艾滋病自愿咨询检测资料。[方法]对到性病门诊求诊性病者提供免费艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务。[结果]有422名就诊者接受了检测前咨询，就诊的主要原因是有性病症状和性接触。417人接受了检测，HIV抗体阳性4例，阳性率0.96%，男、女阳性率分别为0.96%、0.97%，差异无统计学意义；男性梅毒抗体阳性率（5.41%）低于女性（11.65%）（P﹤0.05）；接受检测后咨询比率男女分别为68.79%和75.73%（P﹥0.05）；患有性病者的检测后咨询率（77.83%）高于未患性病者64.66%（P﹤0.05）。[结论]在性病门诊就诊者中开展VCT服务，对于提高HIV感染的发现率，增强干预效果，节约资源有重要意义。     

性病门诊开展艾滋病自愿咨询检测效果分析

[目的]了解性病门诊开展艾滋病自愿咨询检测（VCT）情况,为求询者提供干预措施,降低感染危险,完善VCT服务质量。[方法]对2009年～2010年到普洱市疾控中心性病门诊寻求者自愿咨询检测个案资料进行统计分析。[结果]咨询586人,其中男性337人,占57．51％（337／586）;女性249人,占42．49％（249／586）;年龄以20岁～30岁青壮年为主,占44．88％（263／586）,咨询后进行HIV抗体检测426人,发现艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染55例,阳性率12．91％（55／426）,有72．69％的求询者接受咨询检测,99．30％的检测者接受了检测后告知和转介服务。求询者HIV阳性率单因素分析显示,年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、求询类型、既往检测、检测年份等因素与HIV阳性率有关。[结论]在性病门诊开展VCT服务,高危人群易接受咨询检测,能及早发现艾滋病毒感染者,但应加强对高危人群检测咨询后的行为转变的健康教育。     

德清县孕产妇和性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

目的分析德清县孕产妇和性病门诊男性就诊者两类人群艾滋病哨点监测结果,为艾滋病综合防制提供依据。方法参照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案》,于2014—2016年对孕产妇、性病门诊男性就诊者各1 200人进行艾滋病知识知晓情况和高危行为情况问卷调查,并采集静脉血样检测HIV抗体、梅毒抗体和HCV抗体。结果孕产妇中未检出HIV抗体和HCV抗体阳性者,梅毒抗体阳性率为0.50%;艾滋病知识知晓率为90.00%;0.58%有配偶以外的其他性伴。性病门诊男性就诊者中HIV抗体阳性率为0.67%,梅毒抗体阳性率为8.42%,未发现HCV抗体阳性者;艾滋病知识知晓率为72.67%;12.25%近3个月内与暗娼发生过性行为,15.75%与临时性伴发生过性行为,8.92%最近1年曾被诊断为性病,仅9.08%接受过艾滋病咨询。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性病门诊男性就诊者梅毒抗体阳性与最近1年曾被诊断为性病存在统计关联(OR=10.091,95%CI:6.312~16.131)。结论性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病知识知晓率低、高危行为持有率高、接受艾滋病咨询或同伴教育比例低、接受艾滋病检测比例低,存在艾滋病流行的风险;孕产妇中未发现HIV感染者,但文化程度较低人群艾滋病知识知晓率低。     

河南省2012－2014年新报告HIV感染者中HCV抗体流行状况分析

目的 了解河南省2012－2014年新报告HIV感染者中HCV抗体的流行情况。方法 通过艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统对河南省2012年7月1日至2014年6月30日新报告的HIV感染者进行信息整理、HIV-1 BED新发感染检测和HCV抗体检测。结果 4 267例新报告HIV感染者中HCV抗体阳性率为13.19%(563/4 267),感染途径为注射吸毒者的HCV抗体阳性率最高(77.27%),采血浆/输血、异性性传播、同性性传播和母婴传播人群的HCV抗体阳性率分别为15.06%、15.81%、3.74%和8.96%。开封(32.04%)、驻马店(25.00%)、商丘(25.00%)、周口(18.86%)和南阳(14.67%)为HCV抗体阳性率最高的前五个省辖市。BED阳性者(HIV新近感染者)中HCV抗体阳性率为7.50%(86/1 146)。多因素logistic回归分析发现:BED阴性、年龄>40岁、农民、HIV感染途径为注射吸毒以及报告地区为开封市、南阳市、商丘市、驻马店市和周口市为HCV感染的危险因素。结论 2012－2014年河南省新报告HIV感染者中HCV抗体流行率有降低的趋势,但是部分地区和重点人群仍存在较高的HCV抗体流行率。     

广东省9个城市性病门诊男性就诊者生殖道沙眼衣原体感染危险因素分析

目的 了解性病门诊男性就诊者生殖道沙眼衣原体（genital Chlamydia trachomatis,GCT）感染现状及危险因素,加强该人群GCT监测,为针对该人群开展干预工作提供依据。方法 2015年4-6月结合HIV监测哨点开展研究,选取性病门诊男性就诊者为调查对象,开展匿名问卷调查及检测。结果 本次共纳入就诊者1 749例,平均年龄（39.53±14.36）岁,多数为已婚（73.87%,1 292/1 749）、广东籍（92.28%,1 614/1 749）、汉族（99.49%,1 740/1 749）;GCT阳性率、HIV阳性率、梅毒阳性率、HCV阳性率、淋球菌阳性率、尿常规白细胞阳性率分别为6.06%（106/1 749）、0.46%（8/1 749）、3.43%（60/1 749）、0.45%（7/1 550）、2.74%（48/1 749）、7.89%（138/1 749）。多因素logistic分析显示,GCT感染相关危险因素包括注射吸毒（OR=13.98,95% CI：3.35～58.38）、与男性发生过肛交（OR=3.11,95% CI：1.45～6.71）、淋球菌阳性（OR=9.64,95% CI：5.09～18.24）、尿常规白细胞阳性（OR=1.96,95% CI：1.08～3.55）。结论 广东省性病门诊男性就诊者GCT感染率较高,该人群为性病艾滋病防控的高危人群,应针对不同地区的人群特点,实施精准干预。     

性病门诊男性就诊者HIV/TP感染状况及影响因素

目的了解性病门诊男性就诊者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)的感染状况及相关因素,为在该人群中实施相关防治措施提供依据。方法于2013、2014连续2年4—6月对天津市某性病门诊年龄15岁的男性就诊者进行问卷调查,同时采集静脉血检测HIV、TP抗体,并对结果进行分析。结果共收集800例性病门诊男性就诊者,平均年龄为(30.4±8.2)岁,艾滋病(AIDS)知识的总知晓率为90.6%(725/800),HIV抗体阳性率为5.4%(43/800),TP抗体阳性率为7.0%(56/800)。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,HIV感染的主要影响因素是同性肛交性行为(OR=5.360,95%CI=2.676~10.734)和TP感染(OR=4.014,95%CI=1.761~9.145);TP感染的主要影响因素是HIV感染(OR=3.602,95%CI=1.525~8.508)。结论性病门诊男性就诊者HIV、TP感染率较高,应依托性病门诊开展有效的AIDS性病宣传干预工作,尤其应加强警示性教育宣传。     

男男性行为人群HIV/AIDS性伴感染状况和溯源效率相关因素研究

目的 了解MSM HIV/AIDS的性伴感染状况和溯源效率的相关因素。方法 采用横断面调查方法,2018-2020年在宁波市对MSM HIV/AIDS开展性伴调查和HIV检测,并用限制性抗原亲和力酶联免疫法判定是否新发感染。分类资料采用χ²检验,采用多因素logistic回归分析溯源效率的相关因素。结果 共调查374例新确证MSM HIV/AIDS,动员479例性伴进行调查和HIV检测,性伴HIV阳性率为15.7%（75/479,95%CI：12.4%~18.9%）,其中新发感染者性伴HIV阳性率为31.8%（21/66,95%CI：20.3%~43.4%）。新发感染者的性伴HIV阳性者中新发现阳性性伴的比例（76.2%）高于长期感染者（48.1%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.028）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,36~45岁年龄组（与18~25岁年龄组相比,OR=3.973,95%CI：1.364~11.569）、HIV主动检测（与HIV被动检测相比,OR=1.896,95%CI：1.083~3.319）、新发感染者（与长期感染者相比,OR=3.733,95%CI：1.844~7.556）的溯源效率更高。结论 MSM HIV/AIDS性伴HIV阳性率高,其中新发感染者和HIV主动检测发现的感染者性伴溯源效率较高。建议加强MSM HIV/AIDS溯源调查,重点关注艾滋病自愿咨询与检测门诊新确证的MSM HIV/AIDS。     

基于Andersen模型探讨自评HIV感染风险高的学生接受检测服务的影响因素

目的 研究自评HIV感染风险高的青年学生接受HIV检测服务的影响因素。方法 基于Andersen卫生服务利用行为模型及相关文献设计学生HIV检测服务利用行为影响因素的研究框架。采用阶段模型分步骤对2019年3-4月使用青年学生性健康和HIV感染风险评估干预工具（"熊探"）自评HIV感染风险高的学生进行多因素分析。结果 共526名研究对象，年龄（19.30±1.19）岁，其中96.2%（506/526）知道发生高危行为后应主动寻求HIV检测；发生过插入式性行为比例为56.7%（298/526），HIV检测率为11.0%（58/526）；发生过和未发生过插入式性行为的学生HIV检测率分别为13.42%（40/298）和7.89%（18/228）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，倾向性特征模块中的性取向为其他（与异性恋相比，OR=7.88，95%CI：3.98~15.61）、艾滋病知识知晓程度较高（与知晓程度较低的相比，OR=2.05，95%CI：1.07~3.93），需要因素模块中的有危险性行为（与未发生过危险性行为的相比，OR=2.66，95%CI：1.41~5.03）、在医院确诊感染过STD （与未感染者相比，OR=6.35，95%CI：2.21~18.27），能力因素模块中的最近1年接受过艾滋病预防知识的宣传（与未接受的相比，OR=0.29，95%CI：0.11~0.76）、最近1年接受过艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务的宣传（与未接受的相比，OR=3.67，95%CI：1.71~7.90）是HIV检测行为的影响因素。结论 学生的检测行动力亟待提高，其知识得分和性取向等倾向因素，以及是否有高危性行为和感染过STD等需要因素对HIV检测服务的利用均有较大的影响。但相比之下，接受过艾滋病预防和咨询检测服务相关知识政策教育等能力因素显得更重要，提示今后要进一步加强自愿咨询检测服务知识政策的教育，尤其是重点关注女生、有危险性行为者的教育。     

Factors Affecting the Willingness of Counselors to Integrate Preconception Care into Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics

BackgroundThe high rate of unintended pregnancy is an immediate barrier to providing preconception care (PCC). Failure to deliver additional PCC messages at sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics might represent a major missed opportunity to target women at increased risk for unintended pregnancy for behaviors that also put them at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsUsing a survey questionnaire, we assessed perceptions of PCC and factors influencing the willingness of STD counselors to integrate PCC as an intervention service provided by the STD clinics of 140 STD counselors. We used a cross-sectional design and selected survey participants with a minimum of 2 years' experience in providing HIV pretest and posttest counseling and syphilis interviewing using a nonprobability, purposive sample.ResultsThe level of occupational responsibility and the amount of time available seemed to affect counselor perceptions of the importance of PCC and whether it should be integrated as an intervention service provided by STD clinics. Findings suggested that, although most STD counselors reported that PCC was an important issue, there was significant variation in the perception of whether PCC should be delivered at STD clinics.ConclusionSTD counselors perceived PCC to be an important intervention service that can be delivered at STD clinics. Additional study is needed to identify factors that might affect full integration into the STD clinic setting.     

天津市2016-2020年性传播疾病门诊男性就诊者HIV感染状况分析

目的了解2016-2020年天津市性传播疾病(STD)门诊男性就诊者HIV感染状况及其相关因素。方法采用横断面调查方法, 2016-2020年的每年4-6月, 每个哨点样本量为400人, 连续监测并收集天津市STD门诊男性就诊者的艾滋病知识知晓率、相关性行为, 以及HIV、梅毒、HCV感染等信息。结果 STD门诊男性就诊者共4 000例。2016-2020年HIV阳性率由1.13%(9/800)增长到2.25%(18/800)(趋势χ2=14.22, P<0.001), 梅毒阳性率由9.38%(75/800)增长到13.00%(104/800)(趋势χ2=7.30, P=0.007), 总HCV阳性率为0.45%(18/4 000)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示, 分别相比于未婚、天津市户籍、最近3个月未发生临时性行为、未发生同性肛交和未感染梅毒者, STD门诊男性就诊者感染HIV危险因素包括同居(aOR=7.53, 95%CI:2.13～26.62)、外省户籍(aOR=3.64, 95%CI:1.58～8.38)、最近3个月发生临时性行为(aOR=2.24, 95%C...     

Organizational predictors of prenatal HIV counseling and testing

OBJECTIVES: Efforts to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV include implementation of prenatal counseling and testing programs. The objective of this study was to assess organizational predictors of HIV counseling and testing. METHODS: Surveillance records were collected on 5900 prenatal patients from 9 hospital and community clinics in Connecticut. RESULTS: Some organizational factors (e.g., type of clinic, dedicated staff) that enhanced counseling rates had the opposite effect on test acceptance. For instance, patients were more likely to be counseled when counseling was conducted by providers; however, test acceptance was more likely when dedicated counselors were available. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide important information concerning clinic resources needed as HIV counseling and testing services continue to be incorporated into prenatal care.     

HIV感染者及艾滋病患者就医告知情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解HIV感染者及艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)在就医过程中,向医生告知其感染HIV情况及其影响因素。方法 依托HIV/AIDS随访方式,在7个省份的疾病预防控制中心、社会组织活动场所以及抗病毒定点治疗医院对目标人群进行调查,采用SAS 9.2软件进行统计学分析,率的比较采用χ²检验,应用非条件logistic回归进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 共调查HIV/AIDS 2 432例,就医时未主动告知率为49.7%(716/1 442),其中男性、18~30岁年龄组、小学以上文化程度、民营/三资/个体职业、居住地为小型城市的调查对象不主动告知率分别为51.9%(559/1 077)、62.9%(212/337)、58.1%(555/955)、65.7%(241/367)和62.5%(197/315),传播途径中性传播未主动告知率最高,达66.3%(275/415)。多因素logistic回归分析表明,既往非法采供血传播途径的调查对象在就医时更愿意主动告知(OR=0.083,95%CI:0.049~0.141);民营/三资/个体职业患者在就医时更不愿意主动告知(OR=1.531,95%CI:1.017~2.304)。结论 HIV/AIDS就医时未主动告知率高,应对HIV/AIDS、医务工作者和社会公众进行针对性宣传教育,以提高HIV/AIDS就医时主动告知率。     

#86 Changes in hiv prevalence among emnt who have sex with men (Msm) Who attend public sexually transmitted disease clinics in the western region of the us (1989–1999)

PURPOSE: To compare the distribution and trends in HIV infection among MSM STD clinic attendees in four Western urban counties.METHODS: As part of CDC's national HIV seroprevalence surveys, unlinked HIV testing was performed on sera routinely collected for syphilis screening between 1989 and 1999 from public STD clinics in Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle. HIV test results were linked to demographic and risk information abstracted from clinic records.RESULTS: Greater than 70% of MSM attendees were between the ages of 20 and 39. The majority in 3 of 4 counties was white. HIV prevalence over the study period ranged from 13% in Seattle to 30% in San Francisco. In all counties, prevalence was highest among blacks, lowest among Asian/Pacific Islanders, and similar between whites and Hispanics. The 30–39 year-old age group was most likely to be infected. After adjustment for age, race, and injection drug use, mean annual declines in HIV prevalence from 1989 to 1999 ranged from 2.1% (95% CL 1.6, 2.6) in Seattle to 2.8% (95% CL 2.6, 3.1) in San Francisco. All counties except San Francisco saw larger adjusted declines among whites and Hispanics than among blacks.CONCLUSION: Despite variations in the severity of the HIV epidemic across the Western region counties, relative differences in prevalence by race and age were similar. Moreover, all four counties saw temporal declines in HIV prevalence. Trends in HIV prevalence among the MSM STD clinic attendees may not, however, reflect population trends in HIV incidence or prevalence. This may be due to more HIV-positive MSM becoming aware of their status and seeking STD treatment in other settings, thus biasing downward the HIV prevalence observed in public STD clinics, compared with prevalence in the general population.     

HIV-1 test acceptance within the prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission program in Democratic Republic of Congo

BackgroundHIV-1 testing and counselling are essential activities that must be integrated into mother-to-child HIV transmission prevention programs (PMTCT) in order to identify women who can benefit from the treatment, immediately or later and from interventions that can prevent HIV in their infants. The aim of this study was to describe how women's attitudes influence acceptance of HIV-1 testing in the context of antenatal care.MethodsFour hundred and thirty-nine women attending antenatal care clinics offering HIV-1 testing in the health district of Lubumbashi in Democratic Republic of Congo were included in the study. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaire. Women were asked to give their consent for a home visit and interview of their partners; 143 agreed to participate. Statistical analyses were carried out using Chi-square test and logistic regression.ResultsThe proportion of pregnant women who declared that they would accept HIV testing was 76.5%. Non-married women (p = 0.046), women who had never carried out a former HIV test (p < 0.001), who had mentioned that they would wish to share the results of the test with their partner or would wish to be accompanied at least once by their partner at the antenatal clinic (p < 0.001), those whose partner agreed to participate in the study (p = 0.010) and those who knew at least one mode of HIV transmission (p = 0.025) were more likely to accept the HIV testing.ConclusionImproving counselling and a policy of HIV counselling and testing integrating a couple components could help to overcome obstacles to the integration of the women within PMTCT programs and help improve acceptance of HIV testing.