格列齐特胶囊人体生物等效性研究

目的 :采用高效液相色谱法测定格列齐特的血药浓度 ,进行两种格列齐特胶囊人体生物等效性比较研究。方法 :12位健康男性受试者采用自身交叉给药方案 ,分别单剂量口服 80mg试验品或对照品。结果 :试验品的主要药代动力学参数分别为AUC0～ 36=(10 0 .19± 10 .34) μg/ (ml·h) ,Cmax=(6 .5 9± 0 .5 9) μg/ml,Tpeak=(4 .33± 1.0 7)h ;对照品的参数分别为AUC0～ 36=(10 3 .41± 9.2 5 ) μg/ (ml·h) ,Cmax=(6 .75± 0 .6 0 ) μg/ml,Tpeak=(4 .5 8± 1.0 8)h ,两制剂的AUC0～ 36、Cmax及Tpeak均无显著性差异。试验品相对于对照品的生物利用度为 (96 .99± 6 .6 2 ) %。结论 :两制剂体内过程相仿 ,具有生物等效性     

国产与进口降糖药瑞格列奈片的生物等效性研究

目的 :评价国产与进口降糖药瑞格列奈片的生物等效性。 方法 :2 2名男性健康志愿者双周期随机交叉单剂量口服国产与进口瑞格列奈片 4m g,服药间隔为 1周 ,高效液相色谱法测定血浆中瑞格列奈浓度。 结果 :国产与进口片 t1 / 2 分别为(0 .86± 0 .2 4)和 (0 .83± 0 .31) h;tmax分别为 (0 .79± 0 .37)和 (0 .75± 0 .41) h;cmax分别为 (5 2 .43± 2 0 .92 )和 (5 3.32±2 4.94) μg/ L;AU C0 - t分别为 (79.87± 36 .48)和 (74.95± 30 .5 7) μg· h· L- 1。单剂量口服国产瑞格列奈片的相对生物利用度为 (10 6 .5 5± 16 .15 ) %。 结论 :方差分析和双向单侧 t检验结果表明两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

吉非罗齐胶囊在健康人体内的相对生物利用度

目的 :研究吉非罗齐胶囊在健康人体内的相对生物利用度。方法 :采用高效液相色谱 (HPLC)法测定 18名男性健康受试者单剂量交叉口服 90 0mg 2种吉非罗齐胶囊后不同时间血浆中的药物浓度。结果 :二者药 时曲线均符合一房室模型 ,Cmax分别为 (45 .2 4± 10 .15 )mg·L-1和 (43.38± 9.84 )mg·L-1;Tmax分别为 (2 .4 7± 0 .93)h和 (2 .2 5±0 .75 )h ;T1/ 2 分别 (1.5 9± 0 .19)h和 (1.75± 0 .2 9)h ;AUC分别为 (16 5 .79± 37.79)mg·h·L-1和 (15 6 .39± 32 .2 8)mg·h·L-1。被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (95 .5 5± 11.4 5 ) % (77.0 3%～ 119.4 5 % )。结论 :2种制剂具有生物等效性。     

尼莫地平在健康人体内的药动学和相对生物利用度

目的 :研究尼莫地平在健康人体内的药动学和相对生物利用度。方法 :8名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服尼莫地平标准参比制剂和待测制剂 1 2 0mg,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。结果 :2种制剂的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,AUC分别为 (1 4 3.1± 9.9) μg·h·L-1 和 (1 37.0± 7.3) μg·h·L-1 ,Cmax分别为 (83.1±7.4 ) μg·L-1 和 (80 .8± 4 .6 ) μg·L-1 ,Tmax分别为 (1 .0 0± 0 .0 0 )h和 (1 .0 6± 0 .1 7)h。待测制剂的相对生物利用度为 (96 .0± 5 .9) %。经双向单侧t检验证明 ,2种制剂的AUC、Cmax相比 ,差异均无统计学意义。结论 :2种制剂具有生物等效性。     

格列吡嗪片健康人体生物等效性研究

目的　研究格列吡嗪片在健康人体内的生物等效性。方法　 9名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服格列吡嗪片参比制剂和被试制剂 5mg,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。结果　二制剂健康人体的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,Tmax分别为 (3 0± 0 )h和 (3 0± 0 )h ,Cmax分别为 (30 5± 2 2 ) μg·L-1和 (2 99± 13) μg·L-1;T1/2 分别 (3 2 4± 0 37)h和 (3 2 2± 0 4 0 )h ;AUC分别为 (14 90± 70 ) μg·h·L-1和 (14 90± 70 ) μg·h·L-1。被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (10 0 4± 7 8) %。结论　方差分析和单双侧t检验证明 ,两种制剂具有生物等效性     

头孢克肟胶囊在健康人体内的相对生物等效性

目的 :比较国产和进口头孢克肟胶囊在健康人体内的药代动力学及相对生物等效性 ,确保临床用药质量 .方法 :采用标准二阶段交叉设计自身对照试验法 ,12名男性健康志愿受试者分别口服单剂量两种头孢克肟胶囊 ,用RP HPLC法测定血清中头孢克肟的浓度 ,以双向单侧检验统计法比较 2种头孢克肟胶囊之间的差异 .结果 :国产和进口头孢克肟胶囊在健康志愿者体内的药时曲线均符合血管外给药一室开放模型 ,其主要的药代动力学参数Tmax分别为 (3 .3 9± 0 .5 0 )和(3 .3 3± 0 .4 8)h ,ρmax、AUC( 0～ 2 4h) 分别为 :(2 .97± 0 .5 4 )和 (2 .83±0 .5 5 )mg·L-1;(2 5 .88± 3 .75 )和 (2 4 .67± 4 .3 0 ) (mg·h-1·L-1) ,药动学参数间均无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,国产胶囊对进口胶囊的相对生物利用度为 10 4 .9% .结论 :两种头孢克肟胶囊在健康志愿者体内具有生物等效性     

格列齐特片健康人体药物动力学及相对生物利用度

目的　研究格列齐特片的健康人体药物动力学及相对生物利用度。方法　 8例健康受试者单剂量交叉口服格列齐特片标准参比制剂和被试制剂 80mg后 ,用高效液色谱法测定血浆中格列齐特片浓度。结果　两药体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,Tmax分别为 (5 5 0± 0 5 3)h和 (5 0 0± 0 5 3)h ,Cmax为 (2 95± 0 4 1)mg·L-1和 (3 0 2± 0 31)mg·L-1,AUC为 (45 79± 5 99)mg·h·L-1和 (42 99± 6 93)mg·h·L-1,被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (10 2 9± 8 2 ) %。两种制剂的药动学参数无显著性差异。结论　两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

格列吡嗪片在健康人体内的药物动力学及相对生物利用度

目的 :研究格列吡嗪片在健康人体的药物动力学及相对生物利用度。方法 :9名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服格列吡嗪片参比制剂和被试制剂 5mg ,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。 结果 :2种制剂的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,Tmax分别为 (3 .67± 0 .50 )h和 (3 .33± 0 .50 )h。Cmax分别为 (391± 37) μg·L- 1和 (40 0± 35) μg·L- 1 ,AUC分别为 (2 .46± 0 .39) μg·h·L- 1 和 (2 .2 3± 0 .88) μg·h·L- 1 ,被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (1 0 2 .9± 1 5 .7) %。结论 :用NDST软件对两种制剂的AUC、Cmax、Tmax进行双单侧t检验 ,证明两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

吉非罗齐胶囊的人体相对生物等效性

目的　考察吉非罗齐在正常人体内的药代动力学过程 ,评价两种胶囊制剂的人体相对生物等效性 .方法　采用标准二阶段交叉设计自身对照试验方法 ,10例健康受试者单剂量口服两种吉非罗齐胶囊后 ,以 HPL C法测定吉非罗齐的血浆浓度 .结果　吉非罗齐的体内过程符合血管外一室开放模型 .吉非罗齐胶囊 A与 B的主要药动学参数 Tmax,Cmax,AUC(0～ 12 h)分别为 :(1.5± 0 .3)和 (1.6± 0 .4) h;(33.2±5 .5 )和 (34 .6± 5 .3) mg· L- 1 ;(134 .5± 11.2 )和 (131.7±17.0 ) m g· h· L- 1 ,经统计学处理 ,两者间无显著性差异 .结论　吉非罗齐胶囊 A相对胶囊 B的平均生物利用度为(10 3.5± 15 .3) % ,两种制剂具有生物等效性     

阿奇霉素颗粒剂的健康人体药物动力学和相对生物利用度

目的 :研究阿奇霉素颗粒剂的健康人体相对生物利用度及生物等效性。方法 :8名健康受试者单剂量交叉口服阿奇霉素颗粒剂和胶囊 10 0 0mg后 ,采用微生物法测定用药后不同时间血清和尿中药物质量浓度。结果 :二者体内过程符合二房室模型 ,AUC分别为 (16 .6 9± 3.2 0 )mg·h·L-1和 (16 .95± 3.0 9)mg·h·L-1,Cmax为 (1.77±0 .42 )mg·L-1和 (1.78± 0 .6 3)mg·L-1,Tmax为 (1.88± 0 .6 4)h和 (1.88± 0 .35 )h ,2种制剂药物动力学参数及 192h尿中总排泄率差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。阿奇霉素颗粒剂的相对生物利用度为 (10 1.97± 10 .46 ) %。结论 :2种制剂具有生物等效性     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.