低场强术中磁共振成像在经鼻蝶窦垂体大腺瘤显微手术中的应用

目的 探讨低场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)在经鼻蝶窦垂体大腺瘤显微手术中的应用.方法 在82例垂体大腺瘤的经鼻蝶窦显微手术中,采用0.15T iMRI系统进行术中实时引导.以术后早期高场强MRI为标准对照,定量分析iMRI的成像准确性,并就低场强iMRI对肿瘤切除程度和治疗结果 的影响进行分析.结果 在iMRI的辅助下,82例垂体大腺瘤的全切率从61.0%提高到81.7%.低场强iMRI的成像准确率达86.6%,但对于侵犯鞍旁结构的肿瘤的成像准确率明显低于其他类型垂体大腺瘤的成像准确率(53.3%vs 94.0%,P<0.001).结论 iMRI导航技术的应用,'为经蝶窦垂体大腺瘤手术进程的动态引导及手术结果 的实时判断提供了客观的依据,提高了肿瘤的全切率及手术的精确性与安全性.     

移动磁体双室高场强术中磁共振成像系统在经蝶窦垂体腺瘤手术中的初步应用

目的 总结移动磁体双室高场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)系统在经蝶窦垂体腺瘤手术中的初步经验.方法 共有28例垂体腺瘤患者行经蝶窦入路iMRI辅助下的手术.肿瘤大小1.60～7.27 cm,平均(3.37±0.65)cm.应用1.5T移动磁体双室设计的iMRI,其中14例联合使用神经导航系统,16例联合使用神经内镜.结果 27例经鼻蝶窦手术,1例经口鼻蝶安手术.28例经蝶窦垂体腺瘤手术中,13例iMRI发现肿瘤残留,其中3例巨大垂体腺瘤患者,由于肿瘤侵犯海绵窦包绕颈内动脉,虽经iMRI证实海绵窦内有肿瘤残留,但未勉强进一步切除.其余10例经iMRI证实垂体腺瘤均完全切除.未发生与iMRI相关的并发症或安全事故.结论 移动磁体双室高场强iMRI系统能够在术中获得高质量的影像,为术中实时判断垂体腺瘤切除程度提供了客观依据,提高了垂体腺瘤的全切率.     

高场强术中磁共振成像对脑胶质瘤全切率的影响及其评估

目的 探讨高场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)对脑胶质瘤手术全切率的影响及其意义.方法 自2009年2月至6月应用高场强iMRI施行脑胶质瘤切除术40例.运用术中影像数据对胶质瘤体积及全切率做回顾性分析.结果 术中第1次行iMRI扫描仅10例胶质瘤完全切除,30例肿瘤仍有残留,23例行进一步切除,其中21例胶质瘤最终全切除.最终肿瘤的伞切率从25%提高到78%,残存肿瘤的体积也明显下降.结论 高场强iMRI的应用显著提高脑胶质瘤手术的全切率.     

3.0T 术中磁共振实时影像功能导航联合术中神经电生理监测技术在岛叶胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的评价3.0 T术中磁共振成像(intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging,iMRI)联合弥散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)锥体束示踪导航及术中神经电生理监测(intraoperative neurophysiologicalmonitoring,IONM)技术在各种累及岛叶的胶质瘤切除手术中的应用价值。方法 2010年9月至2011年6月以3.0 T iMRI数字一体化神经外科手术中心为平台,在iMRI功能导航结合IONM下对18例累及岛叶的胶质瘤实施切除手术。其中对10例主侧半球肿瘤采用唤醒麻醉下术中直接皮质电刺激进行语言区定位。对所有18例岛叶胶质瘤,术中均采用DTI导航结合术中连续经皮质刺激运动诱发电位和皮质下电刺激进行锥体束定位。结果通过iMRI实时扫描,18例患者中有13例发现肿瘤残留,其中6例在iMRI实时影像导航下获得了进一步切除,使肿瘤的影像学全切除率从5/18提高至9/18。经Fisher检验,iMRI前、后的肿瘤切除率(包括全切除及次全切除)具有统计学意义(P=0.046)。9例因DTI导航或IONM提示切缘临近功能皮质或深部锥体束,而未强求全切除。10例主侧半球肿瘤患者中,术后近期(1周内)出现一过性语言功能障碍5例,随访至术后1个月,语言功能均恢复到术前水平或以上;18例患者中3例术后近期出现肢体运动功能障碍,随访至术后1个月,其中2例完全恢复。总体术后1个月的神经功能障碍仅1例。无iMRI及IONM相关的并发症发生。结论应用3.0 T iMRI术中实时影像导航联合DTI锥体束示踪成像技术及IONM技术有助于最大程度地安全切除岛叶胶质瘤。     

低场强术中磁共振BOLD导航在脑功能区胶质瘤术中的应用

目的 探讨低场强术中磁共振(iMRI)融合术前采集血液氧饱和水平检测功能成像(BOLD)功能导航的可行性和应用价值.方法 48例脑皮层功能区的胶质瘤患者随机分组,试验组用术前高场强的BOLD影像与术中iMRI解剖影像融合,对照组将高场强的BOLD与术前高场强MRI解剖影像融合,分别导航手术.两组均采用术中电生理来验证BOLD功能区定位的准确性并随访.结果 试验组BOLD敏感性73.3%,特异性83.3%;对照组BOLD敏感性75.5%,特异性81.2%,差异无统计学意义.试验组肿瘤全切率为85.1%,对照组77.8%,差异有统计学意义(P:0.012);试验组术后功能改善或保持率为80.8%,对照组83.3%,差异无统计学意义.结论 低场强iMRI与术前BOLD功能导航手术可实时提供病灶与功能区可视化解剖信息,有助于提高肿瘤切除率,降低术后致残率.     

术中磁共振联合神经导航在丘脑胶质瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨术中磁共振(iMRI)联合神经导航在丘脑胶质瘤的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2014-01—2017-02应用3.0T术中磁共振联合神经导航的28例丘脑胶质瘤手术患者的临床资料,评估术后肿瘤切除程度及术后功能状态。结果 28例患者第一次iMRI扫描17例仍有病变残留,进行扩大切除9例达到完整切除,全切率从39.3%提高到71.4%,8例肿瘤边缘累及运动功能皮质或皮质脊髓束无法行完整切除。术后6个月28例丘脑胶质瘤患者神经功能改善者20例,无变化6例,下降2例。结论术中磁共振联合神经导航有助于提高丘脑胶质瘤手术精准性和安全性,提高肿瘤切除程度,最小限度减少脑功能损伤,为术后手术效果提供帮助。     

移动磁体双室高场强术中磁共振成像系统在神经外科的初步应用

目的 回顾总结移动磁体高场强术中磁共振成像(iMRI)系统在神经外科的临床应用经验.方法 自2009年2月至7月,共有120例患者接受iMRI辅助下的手术.结果 91例行开颅手术和29例经蝶窦手术.48例(40.0%)术中使用iMRI发现残留病灶并改变了手术策略,扩大了切除范围.病变全切率81.7%.结论 移动磁体高场强iMRI和功能神经导航系统能够被很好地整合进神经外科手术流程,对改进手术策略,最大化地切除病灶和最大程度地保留神经功能很有帮助.     

术中磁共振影像神经导航辅助经鼻-蝶垂体瘤切除术(附42例分析)

目的探讨术中磁共振影像(iMRI)神经导航技术在经鼻-蝶垂体瘤切除手术中的应用。方法在PoleStar N20 iMRI神经导航系统辅助下施行经鼻-蝶垂体瘤切除术42例。对临床资料、iMRI成像情况及其对手术进程和手术结果的影响等进行分析。结果术中扫描2～5次,平均(2.5±0.87)次。术中扫描发现肿瘤残留13例,其中2例因肿瘤包绕颈内动脉未进一步切除,另11例进一步切除后,达到影像学肿瘤全切除6例,次全切除5例。最终肿瘤的全切除率从69.0%提高到83.3%。无与iMRI相关的并发症。结论经鼻-蝶垂体瘤切除术中应用iMRI神经导航技术,为手术进程的指导及手术结果的实时判断提供了客观依据,从而提高了肿瘤的全切除率。     

唤醒麻醉下应用多种技术辅助显微手术治疗脑中央区低级别胶质瘤

目的 探讨唤醒麻醉联合多种技术辅助显微手术治疗脑中央区低级别胶质瘤的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2021年6月在唤醒麻醉下应用多种技术辅助显微手术切除的18例脑中央区低级别胶质瘤的临床资料。术中采用唤醒麻醉、神经导航、术中超声、皮层电刺激辅助显微手术切除肿瘤。结果 术后72 h内复查MRI显示肿瘤全切除11例,次全切除5例,大部切除2例。术后病理结果均为低级别胶质瘤（WHO分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级）,其中弥漫性星形细胞瘤11例,少突胶质细胞瘤2例,少突星形胶质细胞瘤5例。术后7 d,KPS评分90分3例,80分4例,70分6例,60分1例,40分4例;术后出现肢体活动障碍5例,感觉障碍7例,语言功能障碍2例。术后3个月,KPS评分90分9例,80分6例,70分2例,60分1例;仍存在运动障碍1例、感觉障碍4例,无语言障碍。术后6个月复查头部MRI显示肿瘤复发1例,术后12个月复发3例;随访期间无死亡病例。结论 术中唤醒麻醉下应用多种技术辅助切除脑中央区低级别胶质瘤,有助于提高肿瘤全切除率,不增加手术并发症,明显减少术后永久性神经功能障碍。     

高场强术中磁共振对脑胶质瘤切除程度及手术策略的影响

目的 评价高场强术中磁共振(iMRI)对脑胶质瘤手术切除程度及手术策略的影响.方法 解放军总医院神经外科自2009年10月至2010年6月将高场强iMRI系统应用于胶质瘤切除术患者106例,术前了解术者的切除意图(全切、次全切、大部切除),术前1 d患者常规行MRI扫描,应用影像数据和软件计算术前肿瘤体积,术中常规使用神经导航手术,依据术者的需求采集影像.必要时行iMRI扫描计算术中残余肿瘤体积和肿瘤体积切除百分比,分析使用iMRI对肿瘤切除程度、手术策略的影响.结果 术前计划全切48例,次全切41例,大部切除17例.术中第一次扫描示42例(39.6%)完全切除,64例(60.4%)仍有残留,其中25例由于肿瘤与重要功能区或重要传导束紧邻而未作进一步切除,其余39例(36.8%)改进手术策略,标记出残留肿瘤后进一步手术,25例(23.6%)胶质瘤最终全切除,肿瘤体积切除百分比由(76.5±20.5)%提高到(94.2±8.7)%,差异有统计学意义(U=2.000,P=0.000);最终实际全切67例,次全切25例,大部切除14例,全切率有所提高.106例患者平均肿瘤体积切除百分比由第一次扫描时的(86.3±20.2)%提高到最终扫描时的(93.6±12.4)%,差异有统计学意义(U=4.000,p=0.000).结论 高场强iMRI的应用可显著提高脑胶质瘤的切除程度,改进手术策略.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the impact of high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) on extension of resection and surgical strategy modification for glioma surgery. Methods One hundred and six patients, admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to June 2010, were performed glioma resections with the help of high-field iMRI. Questionnaires were filled and collected prospectively to record the surgeons' intention on the extent of resection (EoR) and the intra-operative estimation of EoR before every iMRI scan. The scan imagings were collected based on the request of the surgeon, and the percentage of tumor removal was calculated according to the iMRI data. The impact of iMRI on the tumor EoR and modification of surgical strategy was then evaluated. Results Preoperatively, 48 patients were intended to achieve total tumor removal, 41 sub-total tumor removal, and 17 partial removal. The first intraoperative MRI scan revealed that 42 (39.6%) patients achieved complete resection, while residual tumors were depicted in 64 (60.4%).Further tumor resections were performed in 39 patients (36.8%), but the other 25 patients could not perform further resection for their tumors were closely neighbored to the important functional region or important tracts. Finally, in the whole cohort, the percentage of tumor resection volume was increased from (76.5±20.5)% to (94.2±8.7)%, with significant differences (U=2.000, P=0.000); 67 patients got complete removal, 25 sub-total removal and 14 partial removal; The total removal rate was significantly increased from 45.3% (48/106) to 63.2% (67/106): the average percentage of tumor resection volume in the second time of scan ([93.6±12.41%) was obviously increased as compared with that in the first scan ([86.3±20.21%, U=4.000, P=0.000). Conclusion High-field iMRI may increase the extent of glioma resection, and has significant impact on the intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy.     

Low field intraoperative MRI-guided surgery of gliomas: A single center experience

Introduction

The aim of this article is to report on our experience in using a low field intraoperative MRI (iMRI) system in glioma surgery and to summarize the hitherto use and benefits of iMRI in glioma surgery.

Patients and methods

Between July 2004 and May 2009, a total of 103 patients harboring gliomas underwent tumor resection with the use of a mobile low field iMRI in our institution. Surgeries were performed as standard micro-neurosurgical procedures using regular instrumentarium. All patients underwent early postoperative high field MRI to determine the extent of resection. Adjuvant treatment was conducted according to histopathological grading and standard of care.

Results

All tumors could be reliably visualized on intraoperative imaging. Intraoperative imaging revealed residual tumor tissue in 51 patients (49.5%), leading to further tumor resection in 31 patients (30.1%). Extended resection did not translate into a higher rate of neurological deficits. When analyzing survival of patients with glioblastoma, patients undergoing complete tumor resection did significantly better than patients with residual tumor (50% survival rate at 57.8 weeks vs. 33.8 weeks, log rank test p = 0.003), while younger age did not influence survival (p = 0.12).

Conclusion

Low field iMRI is a helpful tool in modern neurosurgery and facilitates brain tumor resection to a maximum safe extent. Its use translates into a better prognosis for these patients with devastating tumors. Future studies covering the use of iMRI will need to be conducted in a prospective, randomized fashion to prove the true benefit of iMRI in glioma surgery.     

多模态影像联合电生理监测在脑功能区胶质瘤手术中的应用研究

目的研究多模态影像联合电生理监测技术在脑功能区胶质瘤手术中的保护脑功能的应用价值。方法回顾性分析5例语言区和55例运动区胶质瘤患者的临床资料。术前行功能磁共振定位功能区,弥散张量成像显示重要传导束,融合多模态影像构建功能神经导航,术中采用皮层体感诱发电位定位中央沟,并运用皮层-皮层下电刺激技术监测语言区、运动区和皮层下重要神经传导束,在保护功能前提下尽可能切除病灶。术后评价肿瘤切除程度和神经功能。结果 5例语言区胶质瘤和30例病变毗邻运动皮层胶质瘤患者术前功能磁共振成功定位功能区,通过弥散张量成像3例语言区胶质瘤和42例运动区胶质瘤患者分别重建出弓状束和锥体束。术中电刺激语言区和运动区检出率分比为100%和92.7%;92.7%的运动区肿瘤患者可通过皮层体感诱发电位技术定位中央沟。术中神经导航对手术具有指导作用。肿瘤影像全切率86.7%,术后功能保留率91.7%。结论运用多模态影像技术有助于术前定位脑功能区,功能神经导航有助于术前规划、术中引导病灶切除,但需注意影像漂移。术中电生理监测技术是定位和保护脑功能结构的主要手段。     

Use of a compact intraoperative low-field magnetic imager in pediatric neurosurgery

Object The majority of investigations on the utility of and indications for intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) have been in adult patients. We report our initial experience utilizing low-field iMRI in pediatric patients.Methods We performed 21 procedures on 20 patients aged 2 months to 18 years (mean 8.9 years) utilizing the PoleStar –10 iMRI system. The procedures included 15 craniotomies, 2 shunts, and 1 each of the following surgeries: transsphenoidal, craniotomy/transsphenoidal, cranioplasty, and endoscopic biopsy and fenestration. Treated lesions included low-grade astrocytoma (5), craniopharyngioma (3), cortical dysplasia (3), hydrocephalus (2), and others (8). The number of scans ranged from 2 to 5 with a mean of 3.2. Intraoperative imaging and navigation provided valuable information on the extent of resection and catheter placement. In eight procedures it influenced the surgical strategy. No untoward events attributable to the system occurred.Conclusions The low-field PoleStar –10 iMRI system can safely assist pediatric neurosurgeons treating a variety of diseases. In addition to neuronavigation it provides information on extent of resection, real-time guided catheter placement, and avoidance of complications.A commentary on this paper is available at     

全麻唤醒和术中电刺激在脑功能区病灶性癫痫手术中的应用

目的 探讨全麻唤醒和术中电刺激在脑功能区病灶性癫痫手术中的应用及意义.方法 对11例涉及脑功能区病灶性癫痫患者术前行MRI和头皮视频脑电图检查,其中6例行fMRI检查.全麻下手术,其中7例行食道咽腔导管插管全麻唤醒.术中皮层脑电图定位痫样放电皮层,皮层电刺激定位皮质功能区,根据病灶、致痫皮层和皮层功能区关系选择相应手术方式,在切除病灶时作皮层电刺激以保护皮质下功能传导束.结果 10例病灶全切除,1例次全切除.术后2例暂时性偏瘫.随访6～24月,患者无神经功能障碍,Kamofsky评分平均100分,使用1种抗癫痫药物,癫痫控制满意.结论 食道咽腔导管插管全麻唤醒屉一种安全、简便的麻醉唤醒方法;术中电刺激监测能够最大限度切除病灶,妥善处理致痫皮层,有效保护脑功能区,改善患者的生活质量.     

Resection of glioma in an fMRI-defined “split” Broca’s area

Gross total resection of gliomas can be limited by the involvement of tumor in eloquent areas. Moreover, lesions can impart cortical reorganization and make the precise determination of hemispheric dominance and localization of language function even more difficult. Preoperative mapping with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), intraoperative imaging modalities, and intraoperative direct cortical stimulation enable surgeons to map the functional topography of the brain in relation to the tumor and perform a safe maximal resection. In this report, we present a patient with left frontal glioma of complex morphology, wherein the tumor was enveloped by Broca’s area on fMRI. Intraoperative mapping and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) allowed gross total resection of the tumor with preservation of language function and illustrate the utility of multiple contemporary modalities in the surgical management of low-grade gliomas located in eloquent cortices.