前列腺素E1对原位肝移植病人肺动脉高压的影响

目的探讨前列腺素E1(PGE1)对原位肝移植病人肺动脉高压的治疗作用,为临床用药提供理论指导。方法 2007年10月—2011年10月,选择原位肝移植病人15例,均有肺动脉高压。麻醉诱导后,从右颈内静脉放置漂浮导管,监测肺动脉压(PAP)及肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)。经微量泵持续泵入PGE1 35μg·kg-1·min-1,分别观察无肝前期(T1)、无肝期(T2)、新肝期10min(T3)、新肝期30min(T4)、新肝期60min(T5)时PAP、PCWP、平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR)变化。结果 T2、T3、T4、T5与T1比较PAP明显降低,T3较T2的PAP明显升高,T4、T5与T3比较PAP明显降低,差异有统计学意义(F=32.78,P<0.05)。T2、T3、T4、T5与T1比较MAP明显降低,T3与T2比较MAP明显降低,T4、T5与T3比较MAP明显升高,差异有统计学意义(F=12.51,P<0.05)。T2、T3、T4与T1比较HR明显升高,T4、T5与T3、T2比较HR明显降低,差异有统计学意义(F=21.91,P<0.05)。结论经微量泵持续泵入PGE1 35μg·kg-1·min-1,对原位肝移植病人肺动脉高压有较好的治疗效果。     

PiCCO和ThDCO监测原位肝移植患者围术期血流动力学变化的相关性

目的 评价脉波指示剂连续心排血量(PiCCO)和肺动脉漂浮导管的热稀释(ThDCO)法监测原位肝移植患者围术期血流动力学变化的相关性.方法 18例ASAⅡ～Ⅳ级终末期肝病患者行非静脉转流原位肝移植术,同时进行PiCCO和ThDCO连续监测.在麻醉诱导前、麻醉诱导后、手术开始、门静脉阻断前、无肝期、新肝期、手术结束及术后不同时间,分别记录两种方法测得的股动脉和桡动脉平均动脉压(MAP)、心排血量(CO)、外周血管阻力(SVR)等血流动力学指标.结果 两种方法测得的CO和SVR经直线回归分析显示有较好的相关性(r=0.987,P<0.01和r=0.972,P<0.01).围术期股动脉和桡动脉测得的MAP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 非静脉转流原位肝移植手术围术期血流动力学有显著改变;在原位肝移植手术围术期用PiCCO和ThDCO监测血流动力学变化,两者相关性高;PiCCO可连续监测,使用方便.     

PiCCO和ThDCO监测原位肝移植患者围术期血流动力学变化的相关性

目的 评价脉波指示剂连续心排血量(PiCCO)和肺动脉漂浮导管的热稀释(ThDCO)法监测原位肝移植患者围术期血流动力学变化的相关性.方法 18例ASAⅡ～Ⅳ级终末期肝病患者行非静脉转流原位肝移植术,同时进行PiCCO和ThDCO连续监测.在麻醉诱导前、麻醉诱导后、手术开始、门静脉阻断前、无肝期、新肝期、手术结束及术后不同时间,分别记录两种方法测得的股动脉和桡动脉平均动脉压(MAP)、心排血量(CO)、外周血管阻力(SVR)等血流动力学指标.结果 两种方法测得的CO和SVR经直线回归分析显示有较好的相关性(r=0.987,P<0.01和r=0.972,P<0.01).围术期股动脉和桡动脉测得的MAP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 非静脉转流原位肝移植手术围术期血流动力学有显著改变;在原位肝移植手术围术期用PiCCO和ThDCO监测血流动力学变化,两者相关性高;PiCCO可连续监测,使用方便.     

背驮式原位肝移植术病人的麻醉管理

目的探讨背驮式原位肝移植术中血流动力学、电解质、酸碱平衡和凝血机制等的变化,并观察血液稀释技术在肝移植术中的应用。方法6例行背驮式肝移植术病人于麻醉后手术前(T1),病肝切除期末(T2),无肝期末(T3),新肝血流开放后5min(T4)和1h(T5)观察平均动脉压(MAP)、肺动脉压(PAP)、心输出量(CO)的变化。采集桡动脉血和静脉血作血气和电解质分析,检测凝血常规。6例病人麻醉后行急性高容血液稀释,病肝切除期随出血量作急性等容血液稀释。结果病肝切除中后期MAP下降,PAP,CO上升(P<0.05),门静脉和下腔静脉阻断后MAP,PAP,CO均下降明显(P<0.01),开放后PAP,CO上升(P<0.05)。自病肝切除期末大部分病例出现酸中毒和低钙,血糖和乳酸升高,门静脉下腔静脉开放后出现一过性高钾。所有病例术中均存在凝血机制障碍。术中平均出血量9268ml,平均输血量5194ml。结论背驮式原位肝移植术病人术中血流动力学变化大,存在明显酸碱失衡、电解质紊乱及凝血机制障碍,麻醉监测管理非常重要。血液稀释技术合理应用于肝移植术中可明显减少输血量。     

成人原位背驮式肝移植术中体、肺循环的变化

目的探讨背驮式原位肝移植术中体、肺循环血液动力学的变化.方法10例成人原位背驮式肝移植手术病人,采用Swan-Ganz漂浮导管监测术前、无肝期前10min、无肝期5min、无肝期10min、无肝期30min、新肝期前l0min、新肝期5min、新肝期10min、新肝期30min和术毕10个时期体、肺循环血液动力学的变化.结果与术前值相比,体循环平均动脉压(MAP)、心排血量(CO)和心脏指数(C1)在无肝期5min下降(P＜0.05),在新肝期5min明显下降(P＜0.01);肺循环平均肺动脉压(MPAP)、肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)和中心静脉压(CVP)在新肝期10min明显增高(P＜0.01):CO和CI在新肝期10min有一定增加(P＜0.05):体循环阻力(SVR)在新肝期前增高,在新肝期5min降低(P＜0.05);肺循环阻力(PVR)在无肝期5min和新肝期5min明显增高(P＜0.01);心率(HR)在无肝期5min增快(P＜0.05),在新肝期5min明显增快(P＜0.01).结论背驮式原位肝移植术无肝期血动力学比较稳定,但新肝期初始和新肝早期仍有明显的体、肺循环参数变化.     

肝移植不同术式对血流动力学的影响

目的比较肝移植不同手术方式对血流动力学的影响.方法择期原位肝移植病人86例,根据手术方式分为三组.A组接受经典标准式肝移植(38例),B组接受经典改良式肝移植(12例),C组接受背驮式肝移植(36例).左桡动脉和右股静脉置管连续监测平均动脉压(MAP)和下腔静脉压(ICVP);经右颈内静脉放置肺动脉漂浮导管,连续监测中心静脉压(CVP)、平均肺动脉压(MPAP)、心脏指数(CI)、外周血管阻力(SVR)和肺血管阻力(PVR).结果无肝前期三组间血流动力学变化无差异.无肝期心率、SVR和PVR上升,CI下降,MAP维持稳定,三组间变化无明显差异.A、B组CVP下降和ICVP升高均显著大于C组(P<0.01).新肝期开始,A、B和C三组再灌注综合征发生率分别为34.2%、16.7%和25.0%;A组MAP和CI低于B组和C组,而CVP高于B组和C组(P<0.05).至新肝期5 min,除A组CI仍低于B和C组(P<0.05),其他指标三组间无差异.结论对血流动力学影响,经典标准式肝移植最大,经典改良式肝移植最小.     

肝移植不同术式对血流动力学的影响

目的比较肝移植不同手术方式对血流动力学的影响。方法择期原位肝移植病人86例,根据手术方式分为三组。A组接受经典标准式肝移植(38例),B组接受经典改良式肝移植(12例),C组接受背驮式肝移植(36例)。左桡动脉和右股静脉置管连续监测平均动脉压(MAP)和下腔静脉压(ICVP);经右颈内静脉放置肺动脉漂浮导管,连续监测中心静脉压(CVP)、平均肺动脉压(MPAP)、心脏指数(C I)、外周血管阻力(SVR)和肺血管阻力(PVR)。结果无肝前期三组间血流动力学变化无差异。无肝期心率、SVR和PVR上升,C I下降,MAP维持稳定,三组间变化无明显差异。A、B组CVP下降和ICVP升高均显著大于C组(P<0.01)。新肝期开始,A、B和C三组再灌注综合征发生率分别为34.2%、16.7%和25.0%;A组MAP和C I低于B组和C组,而CVP高于B组和C组(P<0.05)。至新肝期5 m in,除A组C I仍低于B和C组(P<0.05),其他指标三组间无差异。结论对血流动力学影响,经典标准式肝移植最大,经典改良式肝移植最小。     

利多卡因预处理对鱼精蛋白诱发肺血管不良反应的临床观察

目的观察利多卡因预处理对鱼精蛋白诱发肺血管不良反应的影响。方法择期体外循环下行先心病矫治术患儿51例。随机分为2组:利多卡因组(L组,n=27)和对照组(C组,n=24),L组患者于鱼精蛋白中和前1min,经肺动脉压测压管内直接静脉输注利多卡因2 mg/kg,C组给予0.9%生理盐水2 mg/kg;两组患者中和时于右颈内静脉内泵注鱼精蛋白4 mg/kg,泵注时间为5 min。观察两组患者给鱼精蛋白前1 min(T0)及给鱼精蛋白期间1、3、5、10、20 min(T1-T5)的肺动脉收缩压(PAP)、气道峰压(Paw)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)的变化;观察两组患儿鱼精蛋白不良反应的发生率。结果与T0时刻相比,两组患儿均于T2、T3时刻PAP、Paw、MAP升高(P0.05);与C组比较,L组各时间点MAP、HR、PAP、Paw变化差异无统计学意义(P 0.05);L组无患者发生不良反应,C组有4例患者发生不良反应,伴有PAP、Paw明显上升,MAP、HR明显下降,其发生率为16.67%,两组患者鱼精蛋白反应发生率差异比较有统计学意义(χ~2=4.883,P=0.027)。结论利多卡因预处理可能减轻鱼精蛋白中和时诱发的肺血管不良反应。     

不同肌松药物对气管插管下全麻手术患者围拔管期残余肌松效应的影响

目的:探讨不同肌松药物对气管插管下全麻手术患者围拔管期残余肌松效应的影响。方法:选取2010年7月-2014年10月期间本院行气管插管下全麻手术治疗的患者176例,依据随机数字表法分为库铵组和对照组,所有患者均给予常规全麻治疗,对照组患者给予0.08~0.12 mg/kg维库溴铵处理,库铵组患者给予0.05~0.10 mg/kg顺式阿曲库铵处理,其中库铵组依据给药方式又分为泵注组和静脉组,统计分析所有患者麻醉前(T0)、麻醉时(T1)、插管(T2)、切皮(T3)、拔管时(T4)的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR),并通过TOF-GUARD监测仪监测围拔管期肌松情况。结果:在T0、T1时,所有患者MAP、HR水平之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);T2、T3、T4时各组MAP、HR水平方面比较,泵注组静脉组对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);拔管TOF恢复时间、残余肌松持续时间和发生率方面,泵注组患者明显低于静脉组和对照组,静脉组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:顺式阿曲库铵可有效稳定气管插管下全麻手术患者血流动力学波动,有利于抑制患者围拔管期残余肌松效应的发生,其中通过泵注给药方式具有更为良好的效果,值得临床作进一步推广。     

经典原位肝移植术血流动力学变化的临床意义

目的 :回顾性探讨经典原位肝移植术中血流动力学变化及处理。方法 :经典原位肝移植病人100例 ,无肝期选用体外静脉 -静脉转流(VVB)50例 ,非转流(NON -VVB)50例。采用Swan -Ganz漂浮导管监测无肝前期、无肝期5min、15min新肝期5min、15min及术毕各时段血流动力学参数变化。结果 :①VVB组 ,转流初始5min及再灌注10min血流动力学变化明显 ,(P<0.05)。②NON -VVB组门静脉下腔静脉阻断和再灌注时血流动力学变化均明显 ,MAP下降30 %、PCWPMPAP下降20 %、CVP及CO下降40 %(P<0.05)。结论 :原位肝移植无肝期采用VVB有助于维持血流动力学平稳。NON -VVB原位肝移植无肝期 ,采取快速输血输液 ,适当调整血管活性药物应用 ,再灌注时提前纠正酸中毒 ,补充钙剂对抗高钾对心脏的抑制等措施 ,可明显缩短血流动力学不稳定时间     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.