干扰素α2a对人结肠癌细胞胸苷磷酸化酶表达和5′-脱氧氟尿苷抗癌活性的影响

目的 探讨干扰素-α2a(IFN-α2a)对人结肠癌细胞胸苷磷酸化酶(TP)mRNA表达水平以及5′-脱氧氟尿苷(5′-DFUR)和氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)抗癌效应的影响.方法 不同剂量IFN-α2a分别处理人结肠癌细胞LOVO和SW480,荧光定量PCR检测TP mRNA表达水平;MTT法检测联合应用IFN-α2a前后5-FU和5′-DFUR对LOVO和SW480抑制作用的半数有效浓度(IC50)变化情况.结果 与0 U/ml IFN-α2a浓度组相比,500 U/ml及5000 U/ml组可明显上调LOVO和SW480细胞TPmRNA表达(P＜0.01),而50 U/ml则对上述两种细胞TPmRNA表达水平无明显影响(P＞0.05).联合应用浓度为20 U/ml的IFN-α2a后,5-FU对LOVO和SW480细胞的IC50无明显改变(P＞0.05),但5′-DFUR的IC50则明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 IFN-α2a能上调结肠癌细胞TP mRNA的表达水平,并可使5′-DFUR对结肠癌细胞的IC50明显下降,而对5-FU则无明显影响.     

禁食通过HSF1保护肝脏缺血再灌注损伤

目的探讨短期禁食对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响及和HSF1的关系。方法小鼠随机分为两大组8小组,第一大组为假手术组,再进一步分为4个小组:A组HSF1Alb-小鼠正常饮食,B组HSF1Alb-小鼠禁食16 h,C组HSF1Alb+小鼠正常饮食,D组HSF1Alb+小鼠禁食16 h。对照组只进行开关腹和游离左外叶不进行阻断和开放左外叶血流;第二大组为缺血再灌注组,进一步分为4个小组:E组HSF1Alb-小鼠正常饮食,F组HSF1Alb-小鼠禁食16 h,G组HSF1Alb+小鼠正常饮食,H组HSF1Alb+小鼠禁食16 h。缺血再灌注组进行小鼠左外叶30%的缺血60 min再灌注6 h实验。检测各组小鼠血清ALT、AST。通过比较各组血清转氨酶的水平以及评价肝组织病理损伤的程度,来判断短期禁食及HSF1对小鼠缺血再灌注损伤的影响。结果假手术组禁食和不禁食对血清转氨酶没有明显差别,缺血再灌注组中,HSF1Alb-小鼠禁食组的转氨酶明显低于正常饮食组,但在HSF1Alb+小鼠看不到这一明显的保护作用;HSF1Alb-小鼠禁食组的肝组织损伤明显减轻。结论禁食能明显减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤,禁食的肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用在HSF1-/-小鼠被消除。     

小体积肝动物模型的CT灌注成像研究

目的利用CT灌注成像(CTPI)技术观察小体积(SFS)肝动物模型的血流动力学变化以及降低门静脉灌注量(PVP)手术对其影响。材料与方法20只新西兰白兔分为两组,对照组(n=10)仅行扩大肝切除术建立SFS肝模型,调节组(n=10)行扩大肝切除术后加脾切除术以降低PVP,运用CTPI在术前术后分别测量两组动物的灌注参数,分析和比较灌注值的变化和预后。结果调节组术后7天生存率为40.0%,优于对照组的0.0%(P=0.020)。对照组术后PVP增加率为(193.7±55.1)%,与切除肝质量与体重比值(RLBWR)之间存在弱相关性(r=0.465,P=0.033),调节组术后PVP增加率为(101.4±32.5)%,与RLBWR之间无明显相关性(r=0.167,P=0.644)。术后PVP与血清谷草氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶和总胆红素均呈明显正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论运用CTPI可观察SFS肝的血流动力学变化特点和脾切除术对血流灌注的影响,降低PVP能改善SFS肝的预后。     

活体肝移植治疗儿童胆道闭锁44例

目的 观察活体肝移植治疗儿童胆道闭锁的效果,总结其临床经验.方法 2006年10月至2010年12月间共有44例胆道闭锁患儿接受了活体肝移植,其中男性26例,女性18例,年龄(12.1±9.0)个月,中位数为9个月(6～60个月);44名供者全部为患者直系亲属,年龄(32.7±8.0)岁,中位数为31岁(20～54岁).供、受者ABO血型相容,供肝均为供者肝脏的左外叶.对供、受者术前评估过程、手术方法、术后管理以及预后等临床资料进行总结.结果 术后对全部供者进行系统随访,随访时间(17.5±13.3)个月,无供者发生严重并发症和死亡,所有供者均恢复健康.44例受者中,死亡9例,死因分别为门静脉栓塞3例、肝动脉栓塞1例、胆道并发症2例、切口感染1例、腹腔出血1例及肺部感染1例,其余35例健康存活.术后1年和2年累积存活率分别为81.2%和76.1%,无一例受者接受再次肝移植.术后主要并发症有门静脉血栓、肝动脉血栓、胆汁漏及逆行性胆管炎、肺部感染、切口感染及急性排斥反应等.结论 活体肝移植是治疗儿童胆道闭锁的有效方法,预后良好.完善缜密的术前评估,熟练精细的手术操作以及精心的术后管理是改善受者预后的关键因素.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the outcomes of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for children with biliary atresia (BA) and to summarize the clinical experiences. Methods Forty-four BA patients (26 boys and 18 girls) underwent LDLT between October 2006 and December 2010. Mean (SD) and median (range) age at operation was (12.1 ± 9.0) months and 9 (6-60) months,respectively. The 44 donors were lineal relatives to the consorted recipients. Their mean (SD) and median (range) age at operation was (32. 7 ± 8. 0) months and 31 (20～54) years, respectively. All donor graft types were the left lateral segments with compatible ABO blood groups. Clinical data,including pre-operative evaluations, surgical technique, postoperative management and outcomes in all donors and recipients were retrospectively analyzed. Results All donors were followed up for (17. 5 ± 13. 3) months. No donor mortality was encountered, with a minimal morbidity and no long-term sequelae. Nine out of 44 recipients died. Three patients died of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), one of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT), two of biliary complications, one of surgical site infections, one of abdominal bleeding and one of pulmonary infection. The overall 1-year and 2-year cumulative survival rate in recipients was 81. 2% and 76. 1 %, respectively. No re-transplantation was done. Postoperative complications included PVT, HAT, biliary leakage and refluxing cholangitis, pulmonary infections,surgical site infections and acute rejection. Conclusion LDLT has been the effective treatment for pediatric recipients with BA and provides favorable prognosis. To improve prognosis of recipients, the key points are pre-operative evaluations, surgical technique, and postoperative management     

他克莫司胶囊和缓释胶囊预防肝移植急性排斥反应的效果和安全性

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus exposure in stable liver transplant recipients converted from FK506 twice a day to Advagraf (tacrolimus extended-release capsules) once daily. Methods This was an open-label, random, control and multi-center study.Eligible patients were 19 to 70 years of age, 6 months post-transplant with stable renal and hepatic function and receiving stable doses of tacrolimus twice a day for 2 weeks prior to enrollment. There were 86 patients in the experimental group and the control group, separately. The average age of experimental group and control group was 46 ± 10 and 49 ± 9, respectively. Patients in experimental group received Advagraf, once daily, and the dose was adjusted according to the drug concentration,and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. The control group given tacrolimus, twice daily, and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. Results The incidence of acute rejection reaction was 1.20 % and 1.18 % respectively in experimental group and control group, and the 95 %confidence interval was -3.25% ～3.31 % and -3.26% ～ 3.34 %, individually. There was 1 case of acute rejection reaction in experimental group and control group, respectively. The patient and organ survival rate was 100%. Sixteen adverse events occurred in 15 patients (17.65 %) of the experimental group, and 10 adverse events occurred in 10 patients (11.63 %) of control group. Severe adverse events relating to the test drug in experimental group occurred in 4 patients (4. 71 %). and 2 patients (2. 33) in control group.Conclision Clinical trials indicated that Advagraf has efficacy and safety profiles similar to those of tacrolimus. The drug is safe and may improve patient compliance.     

肝硬化伴门静脉血栓患者行肝移植术的处理

目的 分析合并门静脉血栓的肝硬化患者肝移植术中及术后的处理方法和疗效.方法 回顾分析2005年10月至2007年3月我院完成的161例良性终末期肝病患者的临床资料,比较门静脉血栓发生率,不同级血栓手术情况和生存率.结果 161例患者之中共有15例患者合并有门静脉血栓,其中1级8例,2级4例,3级3例.脾切除史中发生P...     

以案例为先导的比较形态学实验教学体系的构建和实践

在融合性形态学实验课程的基础上,以案例为先导,把人体的正常结构与病理变化有机地结合起来,通过比较学习人体解剖学、组织学和病理学知识,学生的学习效果得到了提升.     

CCL23在肝细胞癌中的表达及其对预后的影响

目的研究肝细胞癌组织中的表达变化最显著的趋化因子及其对于肝癌患者预后的临床价值。方法通过使用公共数据库筛选出肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中差异最明显的趋化因子—CCL23,使用qPCR以及免疫组化验证其在肝细胞癌组织中的表达,并分析CCL23表达与临床病理特征、肝癌患者预后的关系。结果通过公共数据库发现多种趋化因子在肝癌中发生显著改变,而CCL23在公共数据库及患者的肝细胞癌组织中均显著降低(TCGA、GSE14520、GSE25097:P0.01,GE64041:P=0.0003,GSE57957:P=0.0001,本院:P0.01),肝癌组织中CCL23高表达者术后总体生存期及无复发生存期均显著延长(总体生存期:TCGA:P=0.0026,GSE14520:P=0.0014,本院:P0.01;无复发生存期:TCGA:P=0.0306,GSE14520:P=0.0189,本院:P0.01)。结论肝癌组织中的CCL23表达显著降低,可预测肝细胞癌患者预后并可作为临床治疗的潜在靶标。