全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术的应用观察

目的 探讨瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚全凭静脉麻醉与静吸复合麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中的有效性和安全性.方法 择期LC手术60例,随机分为全凭静脉麻醉组(A组)静吸复合麻醉组(B组),每组30例.两组均以咪达唑仑0.1 mg/kg、丙泊酚2 mg/kg、瑞芬太尼2 μg /kg、维库溴铵0.1 mg/kg诱导后气管插管.麻醉维持B组用2%异氟醚吸入,A组每分钟丙泊酚6 mg/kg和瑞芬太尼0.5 μg/kg的速度用微量泵输入.记录麻醉诱导前、气腹前和气腹后5 min和术毕的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、血氧饱和度(SPO2)、唤醒时间、拔管时间和清醒程度及不良反应.结果 两组患者拔管时间和清醒程度均无显著性差异;A组镇静评分(OAAS评分)明显高于B组(P<0.05);B组在气腹后5 min的HR、SBP、DBP及气腹后5 min、气腹结束、术毕的HR显著高于麻醉诱导前的基础值(P<0.05),A组术中无明显变化;气腹后5 min、气腹结束及术毕B组的HR和SBP均明显高于A组(P<0.05);气腹后5 min、气腹结束时B组的DBP明显高于A组(P<0.05);A组的术后恶心呕吐发生率显著低于B组(P<0.05).结论 与常规静吸复合麻醉下行LC手术比较,丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉围手术期麻醉更平稳,并发症较少.     

瑞芬太尼联合异丙酚全麻与吸入异氟醚麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的比较

目的 比较瑞芬太尼-异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉和异氟醚麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）中血流动力学的变化、术后恢复及恶心、呕吐的发生率。方法 择期全麻下行LC手术病人30例，美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级，心肺功能正常，随机分成R组（瑞芬太尼-异丙酚麻醉组）和Ⅰ组（异氟醚麻醉组），各15例。记录基础值、麻醉诱导后、插管后1min、5min和气腹时、气腹后5min，拔管时的动脉收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（Ha）和拔管时间、清醒程度及术后恶心、呕吐的情况。结果 术中R组生命体征维持相对平稳，术后苏醒R组明显优于Ⅰ组，且术后发生恶心、呕吐的病人数R组明显减少（P〈0．05）。结论 瑞芬太尼-异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉方法用于LC术，术中血流动力学稳定，术后患者苏醒迅速，且术后恶心、呕吐的发生率明显降低，明显优于异氟醚吸入麻醉方法。     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚用于老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术的麻醉效果观察

目的 观察瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚与芬太尼复合异丙酚用于老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）的麻醉效果,并进行比较。方法选择ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级、择期行LC的老年患者60例,随机分为瑞芬太尼组（观察组）和芬太尼组（对照组）,每组30例。两组均以予咪唑安定0．04mg／kg、异丙酚1．5—2mg／kg、瑞芬太尼2—4μg／kg（观察组）或芬太尼4μg／kg（对照组）,维库溴铵0．1mg／kg静脉诱导后气管插管。麻醉维持：经静脉持续微泵泵注瑞芬太尼0．03—0．2μg／kg·min（观察组）,对照组根据手术情况间断追加芬太尼0．05—0．1ms／次,两组均复合异丙酚4-8mg／kg·h维持,间断静注维库溴铵维持肌松。分别记录患者麻醉诱导前、插管前、插管后2min、气腹毕和术毕的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、心率（HR）值。术后记录苏醒时间、清醒程度及不良反应和随访结果。结果瑞芬太尼组在各时段平均动脉压（MAP）、HR较对照组平稳,与对照组相比,观察组警觉／镇静评分（OAAS）评分高,术后苏醒时间短,两组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉是老年患者行LC较好的麻醉方法。     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的:探讨瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中的应用.方法:择期LC手术患者60例,随机等分静吸组和全凭静脉组,两组均以咪达唑仑、异丙酚、芬太尼、维库溴铵诱导后做气管插管.麻醉维持:静吸组用异氟醚吸入,间断辅以芬太尼静注,全凭静脉组将瑞芬太尼和异丙酚混合液持续恒速输入.记录麻醉诱导前、气腹前、气腹后10min、术毕的SBP、DBP、HR,停止麻醉至拔管的时间,拔管时的清醒程度和随访结果.结果:两组间的拔管时间、清醒程度有显著差异.静吸组在气腹后10min的HR、SBP、DBP及术毕HR明显高于术前基础值(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而全凭静脉组术中无明显变化,术后恶心呕吐发生率也明显低于静吸组.结论:瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉用于LC手术,具有麻醉效果满意、血流动力学稳定、苏醒快速、术后恶心呕吐率低等优点,且无吸入麻醉药的手术室空气污染.     

瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉在老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用比较

目的 比较瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚吸入用于老年人LC手术的麻醉效果. 方法 选择60例拟行LC手术的老年病人,ASAI-Ⅱ级,随机分为瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(R组,n=30)和异氟醚组(Ⅰ组,n=30).两组麻醉诱导相同,咪哇安定0.1mg·kg-1,丙泊酚1.5mg·kg-1,芬太尼3-4μg.kg-1.h-1.组持续吸入异氟醚3%-4%.两组术中持续静注阿曲库按控制肌松和呼吸,观察两组围手术期血流动力学变化、术后恢复情况及不良反应. 结果 R组术中血流动力学指标较Ⅰ组平稳,术后呼之睁眼及拔管是时问短于Ⅰ组(P<0.01),苏醒期烦躁、高血压、恶心呕吐发生率明显低于Ⅰ组(P<0.01). 结论 瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉比较,具有血流动力学稳定,术后苏醒快,不良反应少,安全可行的优点.适用于老年患者LC手术.     

OSAS小儿瑞芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉后苏醒期躁动观察

目的 比较瑞芬太尼+异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉与异丙酚+七氟醚静吸复合麻醉对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患儿苏醒期躁动(EA)的影响.方法 选择3～7岁择期行扁桃体切除和(或)腺样体吸割术的OSAS患儿40例,随机分为全凭静脉麻醉(T)与静吸复合麻醉(C)两组,每组20例.T组以瑞芬太尼1μg/kg、咪达唑仑0.2 mg/kg、异丙酚2.5 mg/kg及罗库溴胺0.6 mg/kg麻醉诱导插管,维持用瑞芬太尼0.4～0.5 μg·kg-1·min-1+异丙酚4～6 mg·kg-1·h-1,手术结束同时停止输注.C组以咪达唑仑0.2 mg/kg、异丙酚2.5 mg/kg及罗库溴胺0.6 mg/kg诱导插管,维持用异丙酚4～6 mg·kg-1·h-1+吸入1.2～1.4MAC七氟醚,手术结束同时停药.EA按五点法评估.结果 T组EA平均评分低于C组(P<0.05),EA发生率(25%)明显低于C组(65%,P<0.05).结论 OSAS手术患儿瑞米芬太尼全凭静脉麻醉后EA的发生率低于七氟醚静吸复合麻醉.     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚用于经阴道穿刺取卵术

目的评价瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚静脉麻醉用于B超引导下经阴道穿刺取卵术的安全性和有效性。方法ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级不孕症患者80例,随机分为瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚组(A组)和单用异丙酚组(B组),每组各40例。A组瑞芬太尼1.0μg·kg-1持续静注60s,随后静注异丙酚2mg·kg-1,B组静注异丙酚2mg·kg-1诱导,术中维持每次追加异丙酚0.5～1.0mg·kg-1。观察术中血流动力学的变化,注射痛发生情况,记录异丙酚总用量、术毕睁眼时间和不良反应。结果两组患者诱导后SBP、DBP有不同程度下降(P<0.01),组间无显著性差异。A组患者心率诱导后5min与诱导前相比明显下降(P<0.01)。A组注射痛发生率、异丙酚总用药量明显少于B组(P<0.01),术毕呼之睁眼时间明显短于B组(P<0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚静脉麻醉用于B超引导下经阴道穿剌取卵术是安全可行的,具有镇痛强、苏醒较快、显著减少异丙酚用量等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚静脉麻醉在游离皮瓣移植术中的应用

目的评价瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚静脉麻醉在游离皮瓣移植术中的临床效果及安全性。方法选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级需行游离皮瓣移植术病例40例,随机分成R组(瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚组)和F组(芬太尼复合异丙酚组)各20例。入手术室后静脉注射咪唑安定0.05mg/kg诱导后,R组:瑞芬太尼0.25μg/(kg·min)、异丙酚100～200μg/(kg·min);F组:芬太尼0.25μg/(kg·min)、异丙酚100～200μg/(kg·min)持续泵入维持麻醉,观察相关指标。结果2组术中麻醉效果差异无显著性(P>0.05),术后复苏均安静,R组镇痛作用强于F组,R组术后恢复明显比F组快(P<0.01)。结论在游离皮瓣移植术中瑞芬太尼比芬太尼更优越、更安全。     

瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉在老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用比较

目的 比较瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚吸入用于老年人LC手术的麻醉效果.方法 选择60例拟行LC手术的老年病人,ASAI-Ⅱ级,随机分为瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(R组,n=30)和异氟醚组(1组,n=30).两组麻醉诱导相同,咪唑安定0.1mg·kg-1, 丙泊酚1.5mg·kg-1,芬太尼3-4 μg·kg-1·h-1.Ⅰ组持续吸入异氟醚3%-4%.两组术中持续静注阿曲库铵控制肌松和呼吸,观察两组围手术期血流动力学变化,术后恢复情况及不良反应.结果 R组术中血流动力学指标较Ⅰ组平稳,术后呼之睁眼及拔管是时间短于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01),苏醒期烦躁、高血压、恶心呕吐发生率明显低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01).结论 瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉比较,具有血流动力学稳定,术后苏醒快,不良反应少,安全可行的优点.适用于老年患者LC手术.     

瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉在老年人腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用比较

目的 比较瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚吸入用于老年人LC手术的麻醉效果.方法 选择60例拟行LC手术的老年病人,ASAI-Ⅱ级,随机分为瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚组(R组,n=30)和异氟醚组(1组,n=30).两组麻醉诱导相同,咪唑安定0.1mg·kg-1, 丙泊酚1.5mg·kg-1,芬太尼3-4 μg·kg-1·h-1.Ⅰ组持续吸入异氟醚3%-4%.两组术中持续静注阿曲库铵控制肌松和呼吸,观察两组围手术期血流动力学变化,术后恢复情况及不良反应.结果 R组术中血流动力学指标较Ⅰ组平稳,术后呼之睁眼及拔管是时间短于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01),苏醒期烦躁、高血压、恶心呕吐发生率明显低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01).结论 瑞芬太尼复合丙泊酚静脉麻醉与异氟醚吸入麻醉比较,具有血流动力学稳定,术后苏醒快,不良反应少,安全可行的优点.适用于老年患者LC手术.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.