鼠艾滋病病毒荧光定量PCR标准品RNA的构建

目的合成构建鼠艾滋病病毒(FLV)荧光定量检测标准品,明确核糖核酸(RNA)标准品体外合成的基本原则。方法通过序列对比,找到FLV最为保守的区段作为RNA标准品的合成目标,进行逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增,克隆于T载体,测序,设计带有T7启动子的引物,PCR扩增,将所得的PCR产物凝胶回收纯化,用T7RNA聚合酶进行体外合成RNA,最后用PCR和电泳检测验证。结果成功合成了FLV荧光定量PCR标准品。结论FLV荧光定量标准品的成功合成必须遵守以下4条基本原则:①选择保守序列;②设计引物时将潜在的终止密码或起始密码排除在PCR目标产物之外;③将启动子(如T7启动子)挂在适当的引物上,保证所合成的RNA模板与所要定量检测的RNA模板一致,而不是互补;④合成RNA后必须检测,以保证不含其他RNA或者未消化完的DNA。     

一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测白血病WT1基因mRNA

目的 构建RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测WT1基因mRNA表达的方法,准确定量检测白血病患者微小残留病,指导临床判断预后和早期预测复发.方法 从K562细胞提取的RNA用特异性引物扩增WT1基因,pMD18-T载体克隆法构建荧光定量PCR标准模板,建立RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测wTl基因方法,并对该方法的灵敏度、重复性和稳定性进行检测.结果 构建的RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR方法的灵敏度达10-4水平:以拷贝数为1.0x106～1.0×102 cps/ml的标准品,分别进行RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR扩增后,标准品的Ct值与该标准品模板起始浓度的对数存在线性关系,r值达0.998:管间和批间的变异系数均小于8%.结论 所建立RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测WT1基因方法的灵敏度、重复性和特异性好;RT和PCR反应过程一步完成,更简便快捷,减少加样和污染机会,更适合临床检测.     

实时定量聚合酶链反应检测心血管活性多肽apelin方法的建立

目的：建立实时定量聚合酶链反应(RQ-PCR)检测心血管活性多肽的方法，为快速、准确地分析心脏组织中apelin基因表达奠定基础。方法：根据心血管活性多肽apelin基因序列，设计并合成引物和荧光标记TaqMan探针。将逆转录.聚合酶链式反应扩增的apeLin基因片段克隆至pGEM-Teasy载体，重组质粒经蓝自筛选、酶切、测序鉴定后，作为阳性克隆标准品，用于标准曲线的制定，由此可定量检测出每一样品模板的起始拷贝数。结果：阳性克隆标准品制作的标准曲线可显示循环阈值与模板浓度具有良好的线性关系(r=0.970)，可用于apelin基因表达的起始拷贝数定量测定。结论：RQ-PCR方法较常规PCR技术更为简便、准确、特异、灵敏，对定量检测及研究心血管活性多肽有积极意义。     

基于T7RNA聚合酶／启动子的细胞融合报导系统载体的构建

目的：建立T7RNA聚合酶／T7启动子载体系统,作为观察细胞融合是否成功的报导系统。方法：设计并合成引物从BL21细菌中扩增T7RNA聚合酶序列,并将其克隆进入真核表达载体pRc／CMV2中,作为RNA聚合酶的供体。T7RNA聚合酶特异性识别的r17启动子人工合成,构建于荧光素酶的表达载体pGL3中,利用其荧光素酶基因作为报导基因。两质粒共转染A549细胞和VeroE6细胞,检测荧光素酶的表达。结果：共转染pRc／CMV2。T7RNAP和pGL3-T7的A549细胞和VeroE6细胞的荧光强度分别为57745±7747和43679±8616,转染质粒pGL3-T7的细胞空白对照荧光强度1034±201和1091±157,分别与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：成功构建了T7RNA聚合酶/T7启动子载体的细胞融合报导系统,可应用于细胞融合的相关实验研究中。     

鸭乙型肝炎病毒核酸荧光定量PCR方法的建立及应用

目的：建立鸭乙型肝炎病毒核酸(DHBV DNA)荧光定量的方法。方法：根据DHBV DNAS基因区的序列设计扩增所需3条引物，通过偶联反应用AmpliSensor荧光信号标记半巢式引物，经过前期不对称扩增、半巢式扩增及在线检测建立DHBV DNA阳性标准品QPCR的标准曲线，并将70份鸭血清分别用荧光定量PCR方法和地高辛标记的DHBV DNA探针斑点杂交的方法检测，比较结果的相关性。结果：DHBV DNA阳性标准品经过30次循环后，扩增产物经2％琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测，可以看出有180bp、70bp两个片段，与设计的片段大小相符，扩增产物的浓度与标准品的起始浓度成正比，扩增指数的数值大小与该循环时己合成的扩增产物的量成正比，起始浓度的大小与要合成的一定扩增产物的量所需的循环次数成反比。用荧定量PCR方法和斑点杂交的方法检测血清中DHBV DNA的结果有良好的相关性(r＝0．97，P＜0.01，ν＝58)。结论：荧光定量PCR方法可作为检测DHBV DNA含量的一个重要手段。     

SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR法测定猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)前病毒DNA拷贝数方法的建立

目的建立SYBR GreenⅠ荧光染料实时定量PCR方法，测定猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）前病毒DNA。方法巢式RT-PCR扩增SIVmac251病毒RNA gag基因上1360-1837之间的长度为477bp的片段，将该片段克隆到pGEMT载体上，构建pGEM-SIV gag477质粒。该质粒经大量扩增纯化后定量，10倍系列稀释后，做出标准曲线，作为SIV前病毒DNA荧光定量检测的外标准品。结果应用Roche公司FastStart DNA Master SYBR Green Ⅰ Kit，该标准品可精确定量到10copies／μL。结论制备的pGEM-SIV gag477质粒外标准品纯度高，SYBR GreenⅠ荧光染料实时定量PCR法特异性、敏感性高，稳定性好，可用于定量测定猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）前病毒DNA载量。     

上皮性卵巢癌组织中seprase mRNA的表达

目的:应用FITC-cRNA探针原位杂交技术检测卵巢上皮性癌组织中seprase mRNA的表达.方法:设计5'端含有T7 RNA聚合酶启动子序列的PCR引物,以质粒PA15His的cDNA为模板扩增得到DNA片段,并在T7RNA聚合酶作用下,采用体外转录方法合成FITC标记的Seprase正义和反义RNA探针,对86例卵巢上皮性癌石蜡包埋组织进行原位杂交,检测seprase mRNA的原位表达,12例正常卵巢组织作对照.结果:86例卵巢癌组织se-prase mRNA的表达阳性率为96.5%(83/86),显著高于在正常卵巢组织的16.16%(2/12)(P＜0.01).seprasemRNA的表达与卵巢癌组织学分级和临床分期有关,而与患者年龄、组织学类型无关.结论:在卵巢癌的发生发展中seprase mRNA起一定作用.     

猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

目的建立快速、敏感、特异的猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,对SIV病毒核酸进行定量检测。方法 RT-PCR扩增SIVmac251保守gag基因序列796 bp片段,进行TA克隆,构建标准品质粒pMD-SIVgag。通过对SIV定量外标准品的定量分析,优化反应体系,检测TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR方法的灵敏度、特异性和重复性。结果所建立的SIV QPCR检测方法,质粒DNA模板在107～102拷贝之间表现较好线性和相关性,标准曲线所得斜率为-3.26,相关系数为0.999。检测灵敏度达到200拷贝,方法重复性测试,检测25份临床样品CV%均小于1%。结论建立的SIV QPCR检测方法特异性、敏感性高,稳定性好,可用于定量测定猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)核酸拷贝量。     

树鼩腺病毒TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

目的通过建立树鼩腺病毒(tree shrew adenovirus,TAV)TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,快速准确地检测树鼩腺病毒。方法根据TAV全基因组3’端保守序列设计合成特异性引物;用含目的基因片段的重组质粒作为标准品进行标准曲线绘制,建立TAV TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果建立的TAV实时荧光定量PCR检测方法特异性好,与树鼩源及其他物种常见病毒无交叉反应;方法的最低检测限度为每微升3.7拷贝,灵敏性强;相关检测系数R2为0.998,扩增效率为95.7%;扩增结果具有良好的线性关系,且重复性检测效果好。结论成功建立了TAV TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,灵敏度高,重复性好,可用于TAV感染的早期快速检测。     

实时荧光定量PCR方法检测急性髓系白血病FLT3基因mRNA的表达

[摘　要]　目的 构建检测急性髓细胞白血病FLT3基因mRNA表达的标准品重组质粒和荧光定量PCR方法，为进一步研究FLT3基因表达与急性髓细胞白血病的关系奠定基础。方法 利用引物设计软件设计出扩增FLT3基因的引物和特异性荧光探针。提取K562细胞株总RNA，经RT-PCR 扩增，产物纯化后与pUCm-T Vector连接，转化到大肠杆菌DH5α，筛选得到标准品的质粒FLT3P。 建立荧光定量PCR 检测 FLT3基因技术方法，建立标准曲线并检测15例初治AML患者。结果 重组质粒进行荧光定量PCR 扩增出现强烈的荧光值增长，表明FLT3 cDNA已成功克隆。以109～105copies/μl不同稀释水平的标准品进行荧光定量PCR 扩增, 所获得的Ct 值与标准品浓度的对数存在良好线性关系, 标准曲线回归系数为0.9998 。AML病例 FLT3表达水平显著高于正常对照组（p=0.017）， 且不同病例的表达水平存在较大差异。结论 成功构建用于定量检测FLT3 mRNA表达得荧光定量PCR的标准品和技术方法; AML病例 FLT3表达水平显著增高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.