空腹血糖水平与急性冠脉综合征患者预后的临床分析

目的:分析空腹血糖水平与急性冠脉综合征患者预后相关性。方法:收集349例急性冠脉综合征患者,按空腹血糖(FPG)水平分成三组:Ⅰ组低血糖组,FPG<5.0 mmol/L;Ⅱ组正常血糖组,5.0 mmol/L≤FPG≤7.0 mmol/L;Ⅲ组高血糖组,FPG>7.0 mmol/L。对患者出现恶性心律失常、心力衰竭、再发心绞痛、心源性休克、心因性死亡进行分析。结果:与正常血糖组相比,低血糖组和高血糖组的预后差;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步分析发现,急性冠脉综合征患者FPG水平与预后呈明显的"U"形曲线关系,5.0 mmol/L≤FPG≤7.0 mmol/L者预后相对良好。结论:空腹血糖水平是急性冠脉综合征患者预后的独立指标之一。     

不同空腹血糖水平人群胰岛β细胞功能的研究

目的研究不同空腹血糖(FPG)水平人群的胰岛素分泌状况,以了解空腹血糖水平与胰岛β细胞功能的关系。方法118例受试者根据FPG水平将研究对象分成6个组:FPG1:3.7~6.09mmol/L;FPG2:6.1~6.99mmol/L;FPG3:7.0~7.99mmol/L;FPG4:8.0~9.99mmol/L;FPG5:10.0~14.99mmol/L;FPG6:15.0mmol/L以上。测定患者FPG、空腹胰岛素(FINs)、OGTT后0.5h、1h、2h血糖和胰岛素。结果当FPG<8mmol/L时,随着FPG升高,空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平逐渐上升,当FPG>8mmol/L时开始降低(P<0.05),随着空腹血糖的增高,lnHOMA-β及In△ln3o/△G3o呈逐渐上降趋势。结论高血糖对B细胞具有毒性作用,直接影响糖负荷后早期胰岛素分泌及β细胞基础胰岛素的释放。     

空腹血糖与心血管危险因素关系的研究

目的研究空腹血糖(FPG)与心血管危险因素的关系。方法将195例健康体检人员根据FPG水平分为3组,A组65例,FPG<5.6 mmol/L;B组64例,FPG<6.1 mmol/L;C组66例,FPG<7.0 mmol/L。检测各组FPG、空腹胰岛素、血脂、血尿酸(UA)、瘦素(LEP)等,并进行分析。结果 B组的UA、HOMA-IR、LEP水平显著高于A组,高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平显著低于A组(P<0.05),而各项指标与C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论随着FPG增高可出现胰岛素抵抗加重、血脂异常、UA增高及低度炎症反应,可增加糖尿病及心血管病的发病风险。     

不同空腹血糖状态人群的C肽值意义

目的探讨C肽值在不同空腹血糖水平人群中的意义。方法选择上海市杨浦区部分社区居民2051名,参照2003年美国糖尿病协会(ADA)关于空腹血糖受损(IFG)的诊断切割点,按不同空腹血糖水平(FPG)分为5组。结果与FPG<5.6mmol/L的两组相比,FPG≥5.6mmol/L各组的空腹C肽(FC)值均明显增高(P<0.05),但5组间餐后2hC肽值的差异无显著性(P>0.05)。5组间空腹胰岛素和餐后2h胰岛素的差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。各组间HOMAβ细胞功能指数(HBCI)值的差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,FC与FPG、腰围、腰臀比(W/H)、体重指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)均成正相关(P<0.01),但与HBCI成负相关(P<0.01)。以FC值为自变量,上述指标为应变量进行多元回归分析,FPG、HBCI、腰围、BMI、SBP纳入回归方程。结论在不同FPG人群中,FC值在FPG≥5.6mmol/L以上阶段可能升高,且与血糖、胰岛β细胞功能指数有明显的相关性。     

空腹血糖与颈动脉粥样硬化相关性研究

目的通过测量颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）探讨空腹血糖（FPG）水平对颈动脉粥样硬化的影响。方法将95例入选患者按FPG水平分为4组：组1（FPG〈5.6mmo/L）、组2（5.6mmol/L≤FPG〈6.1mmol/L）、组3（6.1mmol/L≤FPG〈7.0mmol/L）、组4（FPG≥7.0mmol/L）,收集所有患者的临床资料包括年龄、性别、血压、空腹血糖及空腹血脂,用彩色多普勒超声仪测量颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）。结果①CIMT随FPG的升高而逐渐增加。②在校正了年龄、性别、吸烟史、SBP、DBP、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC和TG因素后,组2、组3与组1比较,CIMT有显著性升高（P〈0.05）;组4分别与组1、组2、组3比较CIMT均存在显著性增加（P〈0.05）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化发生的风险自FPG5.6～6.0mmol/L阶段即开始增加,其病变程度在糖尿病早期随着FPG水平的增加而逐步加重。     

非肥胖人群基线空腹血糖水平与急性胰腺炎发病风险的关系：前瞻性队列研究

背景研究表明肥胖人群急性胰腺炎（AP）的发病风险增加,而肥胖患者常伴有空腹血糖（FPG）异常,FPG是否独立增加AP的发病风险尚存在争议,且国内外关于非肥胖人群FPG与AP发病风险的关系鲜见报道。目的 探究开滦研究队列中非肥胖人群基线FPG水平与AP发病风险的关联。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究方法,选取2006—2009年首次在开滦总医院及其下属10家医院完成体检的开滦研究队列非肥胖人群102 512例为研究对象。收集研究对象的流行病学资料、人体测量学数据、实验室检查指标等资料,将研究对象按FPG四分位数分为4组：第一分位组（Q1组,FPG≤4.66 mmol/L,n=25 929）,第二分位组（Q2组,4.66 mmol/L≤FPG<5.10 mmol/L,n=25 797）,第三分位组（Q3组,5.10 mmol/L≤FPG<5.67 mmol/L,n=25 162）,第四分位组（Q4组,FPG≥5.67 mmol/L,n=25 624）。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制非肥胖人群新发AP的生存曲线图,计算不同FPG水平分组非肥胖人群AP累积发病率,并采用Log-rank...     

糖代谢紊乱对急性心肌梗死院内主要不良心血管事件的影响

目的 研究糖代谢紊乱对急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者院内主要不良心血管事件的影响。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日首都医科大学宣武医院收治的997例AMI患者的临床资料，依据既往糖尿病病史、入院糖化血红蛋白(hemoglobin A_1c,HbA_1c)和入院48h内的空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)水平分为四组：入院前已确诊糖尿病的331例患者为既往糖尿病组；既往无糖尿病史，入院时血糖高于正常范围且达到糖尿病诊断标准(即FPG≥7.0mmol/L和/或Hb A1c≥6.5%)的170例患者为新诊断糖尿病组；既往无糖尿病史，入院时血糖高于正常范围，但未达到糖尿病诊断标准(即6.1mmol/L≤FPG<7.0mmol/L和/或5.7%≤Hb A1c<6.5%)的253例患者为糖尿病前期组；既往无糖尿病史，且入院时血糖在正常范围(2.8mmol/L1c<5...     

不同标准空腹血糖受损人群葡萄糖负荷后血糖代谢特征及相关因素分析

目的 探讨2种标准空腹血糖受损(IFG)人群葡萄糖负荷后血糖代谢特点及相关危险因素.方法 对3 828例40岁以上居民及职工进行糖尿病流行病学调查和实验室检查.对空腹血糖(FPG)≥5.6 mmol/L者行75 g葡萄糖负荷试验,分析负荷后2 h血糖(PPG)代谢情况及其相关危险因素.结果 3 828例调查对象中,5.6 mmol/L≤FPG<7.0 mmol/L的IFG患者627例(A组),6.1 mmol/L≤FPG<7.0 mmol/L的IFG患者245例(B组).A组人群中,糖耐量减低(IGT)的患病率为37.00%(232/627),其中女性IGT患病率(23.76%)显著高于男性(13.23%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2型糖尿病(T2DM)患病率为13.88%(87/627),女性T2DM患病率(9.52%)显著高于男性(4.63%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,该IFG人群PPG升高的危险因素为FPG、年龄、饮酒、收缩压和体质指数(BMI).B组人群中,IGT的患病率为41.22%(101/245),其中女性IGT患病率(25.71%)显著高于男性(15.51%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T2DM患病率为20.82%(51/245),其中女性T2DM患病率(11.84%)显著高于男性(8.98%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,该IFG人群PPG升高的危险因素为FPG、年龄和BMI.结论 以5.6 mmol/L和6.1 mmol/L为切点的IFG阶段,PPG代谢异常率分别为50.88%和62.04%,共同且可控危险因素为体质量.     

妊娠中期糖化白蛋白对于正常空腹血糖妊娠期糖尿病的诊断价值研究

目的 探讨妊娠中期糖化白蛋白(Glycated Albumin,GA)在空腹血糖(Fasting Plasma Glucose, FPG)正常的妊娠期糖尿病(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, GDM)患者中的诊断价值研究。方法选取2017年1月1日到6月30日在常州市妇幼保健院门诊产检的FPG＜5.1mmol/L的GDM患者186例和OGTT正常的孕妇171例(孕周24-28周)分别作为GDM组(G组)和对照组(N组),并依据FPG不同水平区间分为FPG<4.4mmol/L、4.4mmol/L≤FPG<5.1mmol/L,进一步细分G1组(114例)和N1组(91例)、G2组(72例)和N2组(80例),比较每两组孕妇年龄、孕前BMI、体重增加值、FPG、GA,以及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)之间的差异,ROC曲线分析血清GA预测GDM的诊断价值。结果FPG<5.1mmol/L时,GDM组年龄、GA及HbA1c均明显高于对照组,而对照组的体重增加值显著高于GDM组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FPG<4.4mmol/L时,G1组的年龄及HbA1c明显高于 N1,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组间的GA差异无统计学差异(P＞0.05);4.4mmol/L≤FPG＜5.1mmol/L时,G2组的年龄、FPG、GA及HbA1c明显高于N2组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清GA预测的ROC曲线下面积为0.626,P=0.045,最佳诊断界值为11.45%,预测GDM的敏感度则为77.8%、特异度为45.0%;FPG预测的ROC曲线下面积为0.715,P=0.042,最佳诊断界值为4.715mmol/L,预测GDM的敏感度则为55.6%、特异度为80.0%。结论 空腹在血糖正常范围内,孕妇GA值测定对GDM具有一定的诊断价值。     

空腹血糖受损患者血尿酸与肾小球滤过率的相关性分析

目的: 探讨社区人群中空腹血糖受损（impaired fasting glucose，IFG）患者血尿酸与肾小球滤过率（GFR）的相关性，评估空腹血糖水平与血尿酸的交互作用对GFR的影响。方法: 选择徐州地区2016年在徐州市中心医院体检者11 078例为研究对象，根据空腹血糖水平分为正常血糖组（空腹血糖3.8～6.0 mmol/L）和空腹血糖受损组（空腹血糖6.1～7.0 mmol/L）。比较两组血压、BMI、血脂、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）等相关生化指标。估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）采用中国慢性肾脏疾病患者资料校正的MDRD公式。空腹血糖受损组血尿酸与eGFR的关系采用一般线性回归方程。结果： 随着血尿酸的增高，空腹血糖受损患者的eGFR呈降低趋势，趋势P 值<0.001；校正性别、年龄、BMI、血压、血脂等指标后，eGFR仍随血尿酸的升高而降低，其趋势有统计学意义（P<0.001）。空腹血糖水平与血尿酸对eGFR的变化存在交互作用(P=0.035)。结论： 血清尿酸水平是空腹血糖受损患者eGFR的独立危险因素，且空腹血糖受损合并高血清尿酸水平会使eGFR进一步下降。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.