有创与无创序贯性机械通气在救治危重肺心病呼吸衰竭患者中的疗效观察

目的探讨有创与无创序贯性机械通气在危重肺心病呼吸衰竭患者救治中的方法与疗效。方法对36例危重肺心病呼吸衰竭患者进行气管插管人工机械通气,将有创机械通气5 d符合无创通气标准患者36例,随机分为2组,每组18例。Ⅰ组给予拔除气管插管改面罩机械通气,Ⅱ组继续有创机械通气,两组同时进行监护,观察患者病情变化、血气分析、呼吸机相关肺炎例数、死亡例数、机械通气时间及住院时间。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组患者发生呼吸机相关肺炎的例数分别为0和6例(P<0．05),机械通气时间分别为134±6 d和224±14 d(P<0．05);住院时间为164±6 d和284±12 d(P<0．05)。结论在适当时机将有创通气改为无创通气,可降低危重肺心病呼吸衰竭患者呼吸机相关肺炎发生率,缩短机械通气时间和住院时间,降低医疗费用,是救治危重肺心病呼吸衰竭患者值得提倡的机械通气策略。     

无创序贯机械通气与有创通气在慢性阻塞性肺病呼吸衰竭中的应用

目的探讨有创与无创序贯机械通气在慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)呼吸衰竭患者中的疗效。方法对72例C0PD并发呼吸衰竭患者进行气管插管机械通气,将72例患者随机分为序贯通气组和有创通气组,每组36例;比较两组患者呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)发生率、再插管率、有创机械通气时间、总机械通气时间及住ICU时间。结果序贯通气组和有创通气组患者发生VAP例数分别占总数的5.6%和33.3%,再插管率分别为2.8%和22.2%,有创机械通气时间分别为(6.8±2.5)d和(12.2±3.4)d,总机械通气时间为(10.5±3.6)d和(12.2±3.4)d,住ICU时间为(13.0±2.8)d和(16.0±3.2)d。结论序贯通气策略可降低患者VAP发生率、再插管率,缩短机械通气时间及住ICU时间。     

AECOPD呼吸衰竭序贯机械通气治疗转换时机研究

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）急性呼吸衰竭从有创过渡到无创机械通气的适宜时机。方法将28例AECOPD急性呼吸衰竭患者有创机械通气3～5d后随机分成两组。A组予拔除气管导管改面罩机械通气,B组继续有创机械通气。观察两组呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）例数、死亡例数、机械通气时间、住院时间。结果A、B两组发生VAP的例数分别为0例和5例（P=0．027）;死亡例数为O和3例（P=0．217）;有创机械通气3～5d后尚需机械通气时间为（7．8±3．4）d和（15．6±9．3）d,P〈0．05;住院时间为（15．8±4．7）d和（23．6±10．8）d,P〈0．05。结论以肺部感染控制窗（PIC）作为有创通气与无创通气切换点救治AECOPD急性呼吸衰竭有创机械通气3～5d后拔除气管导管改面罩机械通气,能降低VAP发生率,缩短机械通气时间和住院天数,减少病死率。     

无创-有创-无创序贯机械通气在慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭中的应用及护理监测

目的 探讨序贯机械通气在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者中的治疗效果及护理监测.方法 对96例重度COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者进行气管插管并施行机械通气,"出窗后",随机分为序贯治疗组(48例)和对照组(48例),对照组给予常规机械通气治疗,序贯治疗组采用无创-有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗.两组同时进行监护,观察两组患者有创通气时间、总机械通气时间、呼吸重症监护病房(RICU)住院时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)发生率、气管插管复插率及院内死亡例数.结果 序贯治疗组和对照组有创通气时间分别为(74±31)h和(168± 57)h、气管插管复插率分别为6.2%和31.2%,VAP发生率分别为2.1%和27.1%,两组患者的有创机械通气时间、气管插管复插率及VAP发生率间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在肺部感染控制窗指导下的无创-有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗方法 ,可以明显缩短机械通气时间,降低气管插管复插率及VAP发生率,结合有效的护理措施可有效改善治疗效果,是具有一定临床实用价值的有效脱机方案.     

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗在COPD并呼吸衰竭中的应用

目的：评价有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）并呼吸衰竭的疗效.方法：对36例COPD并呼吸衰竭患者进行气管插管机械通气治疗,达到肺部感染控制窗（PIC窗）后,随机分为序贯通气治疗组20例和常规通气组16例,序贯通气组治疗方法：立即拔出气管插管,改口鼻面罩双水平气道正压通气（BiPd）治疗;常规通气组治疗方法：继续按常规有创机械通气方法治疗,随后以临床常用压力支持通气（PSV）模式脱机,两组同时进行监护,观察两组患者有创通气时间、总机械通气时间、呼吸机相关肺炎（VAP）例数、病死率、住院时间、住院费等.结果：两组患者发生VAP的例数分别为2例（10％）和6例（37.5％）（P＜0.05）,有创机械通气时间分别为（4.3±2.3）d和（11.8±5.3）d（P＜0.05）,住院时间分别为（22 ＋9）d和（25±14）d.结论：在PIC窗指导下的有创与无创序贯性通气治疗方法,可明显缩短有创通气时间,降低VAP发生率,缩短住院时间,降低治疗费用,提高抢救成功率.     

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗AECOPD的临床观察

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)的患者应用有创一无创序贯机械通气的治疗效果.方法 在已实施气管插管机械通气治疗的AECOPD患者30例中,随机选取15例患者为序贯治疗组(A组),待"肺部感染控制窗"出现,拔除气管插管,改为经面罩BiPAP无创通气,渐至脱机;另选15例为对照组(B组),行常规有创通气,最后以PSV方式至撤机,比较两组病例治疗前后各项指标:有创通气时间、VAP发生例数、住院时间、撤机成功例数、院内死亡例数、住院费用.结果 有创通气时间:A组(10±3)d,B组(18±3)d;VAP发生例数:A组2例,B组8例;住ICU时间:A组(12±3)d,B组(22±6)d;撤机成功例数:A组14例,B组5例;院内死亡例数:A组3例,B组10例;治疗费用:A组(2.5±0.2)万元;B组(4.8±1.8)万元.两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AECOPD患者,有创-无创序贯机械通气方法 可明显提高治疗效果.     

有创与无创序贯机械通气治疗COPD重症呼吸衰竭

目的　评价序贯机械通气治疗COPD重症呼吸衰竭的效果。　方法　选择 2 1例行气管插管机械通气的COPD患者作为序贯治疗组 ,以SIMV +PSV +PEEP方式行机械通气 ,待“肺部感染控制窗”出现 ,拔除气管插管 ,改为经面罩BIPAP无创通气 ,渐至脱机。另选病情相同的 2 1例为对照组 ,行常规有创通气 ,最后以PSV方式至撤机。动态观察两组病例治疗前后各项指标 :以前插管例数 ,呼吸频率 ,血压 ,心率 ,有创通气时间 ,VAP发生例数 ,总机械通气时间 ,住院时间 ,监护时间 ,撤机成功例数 ,院内死亡例数 ,住院费用。　结果　序贯治疗组与对照组 ,有创通气时间分别是 7.4 9± 0 .2 7d和 16 .4 1± 0 .5 3d(P <0 .0 0 1) ,VAP发生例数分别为 0和 16 (χ2 =2 2 .72 ,P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;住院时间分别为 16 .83± 1.88d和 2 6 .4 3± 1.94d(P <0 .0 0 1) ;治疗费用分别为 1.0 1± 0 .2万元 ,1.82± 0 .5万元 (P <0 .0 0 1)。　结论　对COPD严重呼吸衰竭病例 ,待”肺部感染控制窗”出现 ,立即改为BIPAP面罩通气 ,可明显提高治疗效果陈琳 ,女 ,1968年 7月出生 ,大学本科 ,呼吸内科主治医师 ,发表论文 4篇     

有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗COPD急性加重

目的 评价有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗COPD急性加重(AECOPD)的临床疗效.方法 选择ICU收治的AECOPD患者13例为序贯组,同样病情患者12例为对照组.临床出现"肺部感染控制窗"后,序贯组拔除气管插管,应用口鼻面罩双水平正压通气直至脱机;对照组继续有创机械通气,以压力支持方式脱机.比较两组患者机械通气时间、住院时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)患病率和患者转归.结果 与对照组比较,序贯组有创机械通气时间显著缩短[(4.3±1.05)d比(10.13±2.06)d,P<0.001],ICU住院时间显著缩短[(8.79±2.07)d比(11.96±2.11)d,P<0.005],VAP发生数显著减少[0比6例,P<0.01].总机械通气时间、总住院时间、再插管率和病死率均无显著性差异(P0.05).结论 对需要机械通气的AECOPD患者,采用有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗,可以缩短有创机械通气时间和ICU住院时间,降低VAP患病率.     

有创——无创序贯通气治疗IMS合并ARF

目的:探讨有机磷中毒中间期肌无力综合征并发呼吸衰竭患者有创-无创序贯辅助机械通气治疗的临床疗效。方法:对46例有机磷中毒中间期肌无力综合征并发呼吸衰竭患者全部气管插管进行有创通气治疗,随机分组,治疗组23例在呼吸功能恢复、通气氧合好转后提前拔除气管导管加用NIPPV间断治疗直至完全脱机;对照组23例是在满足撤机拔管的条件下脱机拔除气管插管;记录住院天数、总机械通气时间(h)、有创通气时间(h)、住EICU天数、呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)例数再插管率等指标,比较其疗效。结果:治疗组在住院天数、住EICU天数及总机械通气时间(h)明显短于对照组(P<0.05),有创通气时间(h)显著短于对照组(P<0.01),在呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)例数上显著少于对照组(P<0.01),相对于对照组治疗费用明显减少(P<0.05)。相对于对照组再插管率,2组比较无显著性差别结论:有机磷中毒中间期肌无力综合征并发呼吸衰竭患者进行有创-无创序贯辅助机械通气是抢救有机磷中毒中间综合征并发呼吸衰竭患者安全有效的治疗方法。     

序贯机械通气治疗COPD重症呼吸衰竭临床观察

目的:探讨有创与无创序贯机械通气在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)重症呼吸衰竭救治中的方法与疗效.方法:对137例COPD重症呼吸衰竭插管行机械通气,出现"肺部感染控制窗"后,随机分为序贯组和对照组分别进行相应治疗,观察两组患者有创通气时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)发生例数、总机械通气时间、住院时间、撤机成功例数、住院费用和死亡例数.结果:两组患者发生VAP的例数、总机械通气时间、住院时间、撤机成功例数、住院费用和死亡例数.结论:在"肺部感染控制窗"指导下的序贯型机械通气治疗方法,可明显缩短机械通气时间,降低VAP发病率,缩短住院时间、降低住院费用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.