悬吊运动疗法治疗慢性非特异性下腰痛后站立位腰屈伸运动表面肌电信号的变化

目的研究慢性非特异性下腰痛患者(CNLBP)悬吊运动疗法(SET)治疗前后站立位腰屈伸运动时竖脊肌、多裂肌表面肌电信号的变化特征。方法 30例CNLBP患者接受SET治疗,每周3次,持续4周。分别在治疗前后采集患者在站立位做腰屈伸运动时双侧竖脊肌(L1/2水平)和多裂肌(L4/5水平)在站立位、前屈运动、最大屈曲及回到直立位的表面肌电信号,分析平均肌电值(AEMG),计算屈伸比(FRR)。结果治疗前患侧竖脊肌和多裂肌FRR均小于对侧(P0.05);治疗后双侧竖脊肌和多裂肌FRR无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论 SET治疗后,CNLBP患者患侧竖脊肌、多裂肌的主动活动机能得到改善,屈曲-放松现象部分恢复。     

悬吊运动疗法对慢性非特异性下腰痛患者腰部功能的影响CSCD

目的:观察悬吊运动疗法对慢性非特异性下腰痛(CNLBP)患者腰部功能的影响。方法:选择在福建中医药大学附属康复医院门诊部就诊的90例慢性非特异性下腰痛患者,按照随机数字表法分为常规推拿组、功法训练组和悬吊运动组,每组30例。常规推拿组采用腰部疾病的常规推拿手法进行治疗;功法训练组采用易筋经功法中的饿虎扑食势动作进行治疗;悬吊运动组采用悬吊运动训练(SET)进行治疗,动作以俯卧搭桥为主。3组治疗时间均为15 min/次,1次/d,共治疗10 d。分别于治疗前后采用脊柱测试评价训练系统检测腰部前屈及后伸时的最大肌力;采用表面肌电图均方根值(RMS)评价患者从坐位到站立位腹横肌、多裂肌的肌肉激活水平;采用Roland-Morris功能障碍量表(RMDQ)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评定患者腰部功能。结果:与治疗前比较,3组治疗后腰肌最大前屈及后伸肌力、从坐位到站立位腹横肌及多裂肌RMS值均明显升高,RMDQ和ODI评分均明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与常规推拿组比较,功法训练组及悬吊运动组治疗后腰肌最大前屈及后伸肌力、从坐位到站立位腹横肌及多裂肌RMS值均明显升高,RMDQ评分及ODI评分均明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与功法训练组比较,悬吊运动组治疗后腰肌最大前屈及后伸肌力、从坐位到站立位腹横肌及多裂肌RMS均明显升高,RMDQ评分及ODI评分均明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:SET可以有效提高CNLBP患者腰腹部肌力,增强腰椎核心稳定性,改善其腰部功能及日常生活活动能力,值得临床推广应用。     

肘关节僵硬患者椎旁肌肉功能表面肌电分析

目的 观察单侧肘关节僵硬患者在执行腰部屈伸动作时对屈曲-放松现象的影响。 方法 选取20例单侧肘关节僵硬患者纳入观察组,选取相同数量健康成人纳入对照组。要求2组受试者在15 s内完成躯干前屈、保持最大屈曲及躯干伸展3个动作,每个动作均持续5 s。在运动过程中采用表面肌电（sEMG）技术记录2组受试者L3处两侧竖脊肌肌电值,取中间3 s均方根（RMS）平均值并计算2组受试者躯干屈曲/伸展比值以及保持最大屈曲时RMS值,对2组受试者上述sEMG数据进行统计学比较。 结果 单侧肘关节僵硬患者躯干屈曲/伸展比值及保持最大屈曲时RMS值均显著大于对照组水平,组间差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;另外僵硬侧屈曲/伸展比值亦显著大于对侧水平,差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。 结论 单侧肘关节僵硬可明显影响患者腰部肌群神经肌肉控制功能,且对僵硬侧肌群的影响明显大于对侧肌群,故针对肘关节僵硬患者的康复干预应同时关注腰部肌肉功能训练,以预防腰痛发生。     

非特异性下腰痛患者不同桥式运动时腰肌表面肌电信号的变化

目的了解非特异性下腰痛患者在行不同桥式运动时腰肌表面肌电活动的变化。方法选取正常对照与非特异性下腰痛患者各18 例,记录两组受试者行桥式运动、单足支撑桥式运动时的腰肌表面肌电信号均方根值。结果对照组行不同桥式运动时,双侧竖脊肌、多裂肌表面肌电配对比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);各时段组间同侧同名肌肉表面肌电比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。患者组行桥式运动时,双侧腰肌表面肌电配对比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);行单足支撑桥式运动时,支撑足侧竖脊肌肌电值较对侧大(P<0.05),前、中、后时段腰肌肌电值无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论非特异性下腰痛患者行非对称性桥式运动时,双侧竖脊肌收缩力不平衡。     

电针委中穴缓解腰背肌疲劳的表面肌电研究

目的:通过表面肌电探讨电针委中穴对腰背肌疲劳的缓解效应,为电针治疗慢性腰痛寻找实验依据。方法:30例健康大学生,测试前通过视频资料熟悉测试过程,前后进行3组测试(分别间隔1周),每组测试含2次腰背肌耐力测试。第一组测试(空白对照组):先进行腰背肌耐力测试,俯卧位休息5min,再进行第二次腰背肌耐力测试;1周后,进行第二组测试(电针委中组):先进行腰背肌耐力测试,俯卧位电针双侧委中穴5min,取针后再进行第二次腰背肌耐力测试;再1周后,进行第三组测试(电针假委中组):先进行腰背肌耐力测试,俯卧位电针双侧腘横纹中股二头肌肌腱内侧5min,取针后再进行第二次腰背肌耐力测试。间隔1周内,嘱受试者维持日常作息,不进行剧烈活动,排除第二组、第三组测试时腰背肌出现疲劳、疼痛等不适者(本研究无剔除、脱落样本),以避免前后两组测试间相互影响。测试由4人同步进行,分别操作测试床、关节活动度尺、针刺与电针仪和表面肌电图仪。观察三种不同干预下腰背肌耐力测试维持时间及双侧腰竖脊肌、多裂肌的表面肌电(sEMG)指标——平均功率频率(MPF)。结果:三种干预方式下腰背肌耐力测试维持时间比较:第一次测试较第二次测试差异有显著性(P0.05);第二次测试电针委中组与空白对照组、电针假委中组比较,差异有显著性(P0.05);空白对照组与电针假委中组比较,第二次测试差异没有显著性(P0.05)。三种干预方式下双侧腰竖脊肌和多裂肌MPF比较:第二次测试较第一次测试差异有显著性(P0.05);电针委中组与空白对照组、电针假委中组比较,第二次测试差异有显著性(P0.05);空白对照组与电针假委中组比较,第二次测试差异没有显著性(P0.05)。结论:电针委中穴可有效缓解双侧腰竖脊肌和多裂肌疲劳。     

肌筋膜放松训练对正常人腰部神经肌肉功能影响的研究

摘要 目的：观察肌筋膜放松训练对正常人腰部神经肌肉功能的影响,为肌筋膜放松训练的临床应用提供依据。 方法：试验采用随机双盲设计,共23例男性健康受试者,随机分为空白组（7例）、安慰剂组（8例）、试验组（8例）。试验组进行腰部的肌筋膜放松训练,安慰剂组给予模拟电刺激,空白组不做任何干预。每位受试者在干预后即刻（0 min）、10 min、20 min进行躯干的屈曲-伸展测试,并同时采集L3、L5水平左右双侧竖脊肌和多裂肌的表面肌电信号（surface electromyography, sEMG）以及躯干和骨盆在矢状面上的运动加速度信号。计算并分析三组的腰椎屈曲关节活动度、竖脊肌和多裂肌在屈曲—放松现象中肌电静息开始（EMG-off）和终止（EMG-on）时的腰椎角度,以及屈曲—放松比（flexion-relaxation ratio, FRR）。 结果：空白组、安慰剂组、试验组的腰椎关节活动度、竖脊肌和多裂肌EMG-off、EMG-on时的腰椎角度无显著性差异（P>0.05）,在三个不同时间点内试验组的FRR值与空白组和安慰剂组比较,大部分具有显著性差异（P<0.05）。 结论：肌筋膜放松训练后腰部竖脊肌和多裂肌的主动活动功能提高,肌肉激活模式得到改善。放松后不影响腰部的神经肌肉功能,对腰椎稳定性具有强化作用。     

不同性别健康人群腰部深层多裂肌肌电差异的研究

目的:采用表面肌电(sEMG)分析系统结合丝电极探讨健康人群腰部深层多裂肌活动的EMG信号特征,分析不同性别健康人群多裂肌功能状态差异。方法:31例健康受试者(15男,16女)采用针头导入0.16mm钢丝电极线至L4水平深层多裂肌后完成改良BST动作,采集多裂肌最大随意收缩时的EMG信号,比较不同性别健康受试者平均肌电值(AEMG)、均方根值(RMS)、中位频率(MF)、平均功率频率(MPF)和非线性指标LZ复杂度的差异性。结果:不同性别健康人群腰部深层多裂肌电信号时域指标差异有显著性意义,男性多裂肌AEMG、RMS明显大于女性(P0.05);两组间频域指标MF、MPF、MFs、MPFs差异无显著性意义(P0.05)。男性和女性中,双侧多裂肌电活动无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:采用sEMG系统结合丝电极能够可靠、灵敏地检测出腰部深层多裂肌的肌电活动,这是一种针对性地评估深层肌肉功能活动的有效方法,具有较好的临床应用价值;同时不同性别健康人群深层多裂肌EMG的差异性为设置多裂肌正常肌电值提供了一定参考价值。     

局部肌肉振动对男性慢性非特异性腰痛患者腰背肌疲劳的即刻效应

目的:通过表面肌电(surface electromyography, sEMG)探讨局部肌肉振动对慢性非特异性腰痛(chronic non-specific low back pain,CNSLBP)患者腰背肌疲劳的即刻效应。方法:16例CNSLBP患者进行Biering-S?rensen测试(BST)。前后进行三阶段测试,每阶段测试含2次BST(分别记作BST1、BST2)。第一阶段测试(空白对照阶段):先进行BST,俯卧位休息5min,再进行第二次BST;间隔1周后,进行第二阶段测试(局部肌肉振动阶段):先进行BST,俯卧位使用深层肌肉刺激器(deep muscle stimulator,DMS)对双侧腰竖脊肌、多裂肌振动治疗5min,再进行第二次BST;第二阶段测试后再间隔1周,进行第三阶段测试(局部肌肉假振动阶段):先进行BST,间隔充气状态医用橡胶手套下,俯卧位使用DMS对双侧腰竖脊肌、多裂肌振动治疗5min,再进行第二次BST。观察三种不同干预下BST维持时间及双侧腰竖脊肌、多裂肌的sEMG指标:平均功率频率(mean power frequency, MPF)。结果:①三个阶段BST维持时间比较:BST2较BST1均下降,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05);BST2间比较,局部肌肉振动阶段显著高于空白对照阶段、局部肌肉假振动阶段,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05);②三个阶段双侧腰竖脊肌/多裂肌MPF比较:除外局部肌肉振动阶段对侧多裂肌差异无显著性意义(P=0.057),BST2较BST1均下降,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05);BST2间比较,局部肌肉振动阶段显著高于空白对照阶段、局部肌肉假振动阶段,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05);③双侧腰竖脊肌间/多裂肌间比较:BST1中,痛侧均显著高于对侧,差异具有显著性意义(P0.01),BST2中,除外局部肌肉振动阶段双侧腰竖脊肌间差异无显著性意义(P=0.053)、局部肌肉振动阶段双侧多裂肌间比较P=0.042,其他阶段痛侧均显著高于对侧,差异具有显著性意义(P0.05)。结论:局部肌肉振动对缓解CNSLBP患者腰背肌疲劳具有良好的即刻效应,并可有效平衡双侧腰背肌的易疲劳性。     

慢性腰痛患者在脊柱突然失衡时多裂肌的肌电表现

目的：研究多裂肌在维持腰椎稳定中的作用及其与慢性腰痛的关系。方法：腰痛组为慢性腰痛病人15例，男8例，女7例，平均年龄33．53岁。正常组为无腰痛病史的健康志愿者15例，年龄、性别与腰痛组相匹配。运用表面电极记录上肢快速前屈、外展、后伸时多裂肌、最长肌、腰髂肋肌及三角肌的肌电信号，对各椎旁肌收缩的潜伏期与三角肌收缩的潜伏期之差值作比较。结果：正常组多裂肌在上肢三个方向的运动中收缩均早于最长肌、腰髂肋肌；腰痛组各椎旁肌几乎同时收缩，多裂肌在上肢三个方向的运动中均较正常人收缩延迟。结论：椎旁肌群中多裂肌在腰椎稳定中发挥重要作用，慢性腰痛病人多裂肌功能减退。     

慢性腰痛患者深层多裂肌EMG信号时频特征变化

目的:采用表面肌电(sEMG)分析系统结合丝电极观察慢性腰痛(cLBP)患者与健康对照者腰部深层多裂肌的肌电活动,比较二者的EMG信号时域和频域特征,探讨腰痛深层多裂肌功能状态变化。方法:选取22例cLBP患者(10男12女)和30例健康对照者(15男15女)采用一次性无菌针头导入不锈钢丝电极(直径0.16mm)至L4水平深层多裂肌后完成改良BST动作,采集多裂肌最大随意收缩时的EMG信号,比较两组平均肌电值(AEMG)、均方根值(RMS)、中位频率(MF)、平均功率频率(MPF)及其频率的特征差异。结果:cLBP腰部深层多裂肌EMG信号时域指标AEMG、RMS明显低于健康对照组(P0.001);频域指标MF、MPF明显高于对照组(P0.05),MFs、MPFs绝对值明显低于对照组(P=0.001/0.001)。结论:最大等长收缩运动中,cLBP患者腰部深层多裂肌电活动异常,可能是持续疼痛刺激引起多裂肌募集能力降低,耐力代偿性增加。     

Effects of static flexion-relaxation on paraspinal reflex behavior

BACKGROUND: Static trunk flexion working postures and disturbed trunk muscle reflexes are related to increased risk of low-back pain. Animal studies conclude that these factors may be related; passive tissue strain in spinal ligaments causes subsequent short-term changes in reflex. Although studies have documented changes in the myoelectric onset angle of flexion-relaxation following prolonged static flexion and cyclic flexion we could find no published evidence related to the human reflex response of the trunk extensor muscles following a period of static flexion-relaxation loading. METHODS: Eighteen subjects maintained static lumbar flexion for 15 min. Paraspinal muscle reflexes were elicited both before and after the flexion-relaxation protocol using pseudorandom stochastic force disturbances while recording EMG. Reflex gain was computed from the peak value of the impulse response function relating input force perturbation to EMG response using time-domain deconvolution analyses. FINDINGS: Reflexes showed a trend toward increased gain after the period of flexion-relaxation (P < 0.055) and were increased with trunk extension exertion (P < 0.021). Significant gender differences in reflex gain were observed (P < 0.01). INTERPRETATIONS: Occupational activities requiring extended periods of trunk flexion contribute to changes in reflex behavior of the paraspinal muscles. Results suggest potential mechanisms by which flexed posture work may contribute to low-back pain. Significant gender differences indicate risk analyses should consider personal factors when considering neuromuscular behavior.     

Repeated spinal flexion modulates the flexion-relaxation phenomenon

OBJECTIVES: To determine if repeated spinal flexion and loading modulate the deactivation of lumbar muscles near full flexion (flexion-relaxation). DESIGN: Repeated measures experimental study of the effect of repetitive trunk flexion and added mass on the flexion-relaxation phenomenon. BACKGROUND: Repeated flexion causes muscular fatigue, creep of passive tissues and diminished protective reflexes. However, flexion-relaxation has not been studied in repeated trunk flexion, and could be related to the increased risk of low-back disorders. METHODS: Thirty healthy young subjects performed 100 trunk flexion movements between standing and full flexion. Erector spinae electromyography and lumbar spine flexion were measured during cycles 1-10 (no load), 11-20 (performed holding a mass in the hands), 81-90 (mass in the hands) and 91-100 (no load). The spinal flexion angle at myoelectric silence and full flexion were extracted from each movement cycle. RESULTS: Twenty-three of the 30 subjects showed flexion-relaxation throughout the repeated trunk flexion. The flexion-relaxation and maximum flexion angles increased at the end of the experiment; the flexion-relaxation angle relative to the maximum flexion angle also increased. This effect depended on the load condition; the flexion-relaxation and maximum flexion angles showed a greater increase in the unloaded than loaded condition. CONCLUSIONS: The flexion-relaxation phenomenon was changed due to repeated trunk flexion. The increases in flexion-relaxation angle likely involve changes to the neuromuscular control system. RELEVANCE: The deactivation of the erector muscles near full flexion occurs at a greater spinal flexion angle and a greater proportion of maximum spinal flexion following repeated spinal flexion. This may be related to the increased risk of injury associated with repeated flexion.     

Reliability of ultrasound measurement of the lateral abdominal and lumbar multifidus muscles in individuals with chronic low back pain: A cross-sectional test-retest study

ObjectivesUltrasound (US) imaging has been suggested to evaluate the morphology and function of trunk muscles; however, little is known about the reliability of the US measures in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). This study aimed to evaluate intrarater reliability of US imaging of the lateral abdominal and lumbar multifidus muscles in individuals with nonspecific CLBP.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, intrarater within-day and between-day reliability of US measurements of the transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique and lumbar multifidus (at the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 levels) muscles were obtained on both sides. The resting and contracted thickness and contraction ratio of each muscle were measured in 21 individuals with nonspecific CLBP.ResultsAll US measurements of the lateral abdominal and lumbar multifidus muscles demonstrated good to excellent within-day (Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs: 0.80–0.98) and between-day (ICCs: 0.80–0.97) reliability. The standard error of the measurement (SEMs) and minimal detectable change (MDCs) of the lateral abdominal muscles on both sides ranged 0.5–1.6 mm and 0.4–4.4 mm, respectively. The SEMs and MDCs of the LM muscles on both sides ranged 1.1–2.7 mm and 2.86–7.49 mm, respectively.ConclusionThe findings indicate that US imaging has good to high intrarater within- and between-day reliability for assessing absolute thickness and contraction ratio of the trunk muscles on both right and left sides in patients with nonspecific CLBP. The vertical alignment of the US transducer is a reliable method for assessing the lateral abdominal muscles.     

Effect of low back pain on the muscles controlling the sitting posture

[Purpose] The purpose of the current study was to reveal the association between posture control and muscle activity by measuring the trunk and hip joint muscle activities in the upright and slump sitting positions in both the healthy participants and patients with recurrent lower back pain. [Participants and Methods] We recruited eleven patients of recurrent lower back pain and ten healthy participants. During the maintenance of the two types of posture, upright and slump, we collected the surface electromyography data. We assessed the following muscles: rectus abdominis, external oblique, thoracic erector spinae, lumbar erector spinae, internal oblique, lumbar multifidus, iliacus, serratus anterior, rectus femoris, tensor fascia latae, and gluteus maximus. We studied the differences in spinal–pelvic curvature and muscle activity between the upright and slump positions in each group. [Results] In the healthy group, comparison of the muscle activity in upright and slump positions for both the trunk (external oblique, internal oblique, lumbar erector spinae, and lumbar multifidus), and the hip muscles (iliacus and gluteus maximus) showed a significant decrease in activity in the slump position. In the group with recurrent lower back pain, although the external oblique, lumbar erector spinae and lumbar multifidus showed reduced activity in slump position, these values were smaller when compared to those in the healthy group. [Conclusion] This study aimed to clarify the relationship between posture (upright and slump) and the activity of the trunk and hip joint muscles in the healthy participants and the patients with recurrent lower back pain. The results indicated that postural changes caused by recurrent lower back pain significantly affected the activity of the muscles involved in controlling the posture.Key words: Sitting posture, Muscle control, Low back pain     

Motor Training of the Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles Induces Immediate Changes in Motor Coordination in Patients With Recurrent Low Back Pain

Recurrent low back pain (LBP) is associated with altered motor coordination of the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Whether these changes can be modified with motor training remains unclear. Twenty volunteers with unilateral LBP were randomly assigned to cognitively activate the lumbar multifidus independently from other back muscles (skilled training) or to activate all paraspinal muscles with no attention to any specific muscles (extension training). Electromyographic (EMG) activity of deep (DM) and superficial multifidus (SM) muscles were recorded bilaterally using intramuscular fine-wire electrodes and that of superficial abdominal and back muscles using surface electrodes. Motor coordination was assessed before and immediately after training as onsets of trunk muscle EMG during rapid arm movements, and as EMG amplitude at the mid-point of slow trunk flexion-extension movements. Despite different intentions of the training tasks, the pattern of activity was similar for both. After both training tasks, activation of the DM and SM muscles was earlier during rapid arm movements. However, during slow trunk movements, DM and SM activity was increased, and EMG activity of the superficial trunk muscles was reduced only after skilled training. These findings show the potential to alter motor coordination with motor training of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in recurrent LBP.     

Spinal kinematics and trunk muscle activity in cyclists: a comparison between healthy controls and non-specific chronic low back pain subjects-a pilot investigation

The aim of this pilot study was to examine whether differences existed in spinal kinematics and trunk muscle activity in cyclists with and without non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). Cyclists are known to be vulnerable to low back pain (LBP) however, the aetiology of this problem has not been adequately researched. Causative factors are thought to be prolonged forward flexion, flexion-relaxation or overactivation of the erector spinae, mechanical creep and generation of high mechanical loads while being in a flexed and rotated position. Nine asymptomatic cyclists and nine cyclists with NSCLBP with a flexion pattern disorder primarily related to cycling were tested. Spinal kinematics were measured by an electromagnetic tracking system and EMG was recorded bilaterally from selected trunk muscles. Data were collected every five minutes until back pain occurred or general discomfort prevented further cycling. Cyclists in the pain group showed a trend towards increased lower lumbar flexion and rotation with an associated loss of co-contraction of the lower lumbar multifidus. This muscle is known to be a key stabiliser of the lumbar spine. The findings suggest altered motor control and kinematics of the lower lumbar spine are associated with the development of LBP in cyclists.     

The effects of repetitive motion on lumbar flexion and erector spinae muscle activity in rowers

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in lumbar flexion together with the pattern and level of muscle activity of selected erector spinae during a rowing trial.Design. Cross-sectional repeated measures design. BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a common problem in rowers. The amount of lumbar flexion occurring during rowing might influence the possibility of injury. METHODS: Sixteen young adult school rowers participated in the study. Changes in lumbar flexion and muscle activity were recorded across the drive phase, at three stages of an ergometer based rowing trial. Lumbar flexion was calculated by computerised motion analysis of surface markers attached to the spinous processes of L1 and S1. Surface electromyography techniques were used to examine the magnitude of activity from three erector spinae muscles. The median frequency of the electromyographic signal was examined to quantify fatigue in the erector spinae muscles during isometric maximal effort muscle activation prior to and after the rowing trial. RESULTS: Lumbar flexion increased significantly (P<0.05) during the rowing trial, as did the magnitude of electromyographic activity from sites over the lumbar multifidus, iliocostalis lumborum and longissimus thoracis muscles. The median frequency decreased significantly (P<0.05) in each muscle examined. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that rowers attain relatively high levels of lumbar flexion during the rowing stroke, and these levels are increased during the course of the rowing trial. Indirect evidence of muscle fatigue in erector spinae muscles was also apparent, and this observation may in part be responsible for the increased levels of lumbar flexion observed. RELEVANCE: Excessive lumbar flexion may influence the potential for injury to spinal structures. An awareness of increased lumbar flexion and muscle fatigue in the erector spinae muscles may be important for injury prevention programs for rowers.     

Comparison of selective electromyographic activity of the superficial lumbar multifidus between prone trunk extension and four-point kneeling arm and leg lift exercises

[Purpose] This study examined the selective electromyographic activity of the lumbar paraspinal muscles in healthy male and female subjects in the prone trunk extension (PTE) and four-point kneeling arm and leg lift (FPKAL) exercises to determine the most beneficial exercise for selective activation of the lumbar multifidus (LM). [Subjects and Methods] Twenty healthy male and female subjects participated in this study. Surface electromyographic data were collected from the left-side lumbar erector spinae (LES) and LM muscles during PTE and FPKAL exercises. [Results] The LM/LES ratio related to selective activation of the lumbar paraspinal muscles during the FPKAL exercise was higher than that during PTE. [Conclusion] FPKAL exercise is safe and effective for the selective activation of the LM muscle.Key words: Lumbar paraspinal muscles, Selective activation, Surface electromyography     

T2-mapping成像评估腰部背伸肌群运动前后功能状态

目的 探讨T2-mapping评估健康志愿者运动前后腰部背伸肌群（多裂肌、最长肌、髂肋肌）的价值。方法 对50名健康志愿者运动前后行T2-mapping序列扫描,于L3、L4上缘层面测量运动前后多裂肌、最长肌、髂肋肌的横截面积（CSA）及T2值,比较运动前后及左右侧上述肌肉CSA、T2值的差异,并分析运动前后各肌肉的CSA差值与T2值差值的相关性。结果 L3、L4椎体上缘水平双侧多裂肌、最长肌、髂肋肌运动后CSA、T2值均大于运动前（P均<0.05）。L3椎体上缘水平左侧多裂肌的运动后CSA及运动前后CSA差值均大于右侧（P均<0.05）。运动前L3椎体上缘水平左右侧最长肌、髂肋肌及L4椎体上缘水平左右侧最长肌的T2值差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。L3、L4椎体上缘水平双侧髂肋肌及L4椎体上缘水平双侧多裂肌运动前后CSA差值与T2值差值呈正相关（P均<0.05）。结论 T2-mapping可用于评估腰部背伸肌群运动前后功能变化。