木蝴蝶的质量标准研究

目的建立木蝴蝶的质量标准。方法鉴别木蝴蝶的性状、显微特征,检查其水分、总灰分、酸不溶灰分;采用薄层色谱(TLC)法进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定木蝴蝶含量。结果 TLC斑点清晰、分离度好;黄芩苷在1.01-5.06μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为:A=2449.5X+125.9(r=0.9994),平均回收率为101%(n=5),RSD为0.70%。结论所建标准可作为木蝴蝶饮片质量控制标准。     

HPLC法同时测定金黄连口服液中绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量

[目的]建立HPLC法同时测定金黄连口服液中绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量测定方法。[方法]色谱柱为Agilent TC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为318 nm,柱温为35℃。[结果]绿原酸和黄芩苷的线性范围分别为0.1602~1.6016μg(r=0.999)和0.1002~1.0020μg(r=1.000)。绿原酸平均回收率为98.01%,RSD为1.21%;黄芩苷平均回收率为99.54%,RSD为1.16%。[结论]HPLC法简便、快捷、重复性好,可作为该制剂质量控制的方法。     

木蝴蝶中黄酮类化合物的HPLC-ESI-MS分析

目的建立木蝴蝶中黄酮类化合物的HPLC-ES I-M S分析方法,鉴定木蝴蝶中的黄酮类化合物。方法色谱柱:Hypers il C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:0.5%甲酸水溶液(A)、乙腈(B),梯度洗脱;紫外检测波长范围:195~400 nm;采用正离子检测模式。结果木蝴蝶中的6个黄酮类化合物获得了良好的分离与检测。通过与对照品的保留时间、正离子质谱比较鉴定和测定黄芩苷和白杨素的量,同时根据正离子质谱数据和文献数据分析推断了4个黄酮化合物。结论本方法准确快速,适合木蝴蝶中黄酮类化合物的鉴定,可用于木蝴蝶原药材的质量控制。     

高效液相法测定炎可宁胶囊中黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立炎可宁胶囊中黄芩苷的含量测定方法。方法:采用HPLC法进行测定,色谱柱为ShmpackC18,柱(5μm4.6mm×150mm);流动相为甲醇-水-磷酸(47∶53∶0.2);检测波长为280nm。结果:炎可宁胶囊中黄芩苷的线性范围为15μg/ml~90μg/ml,r=0.9999,平均回收率为99.97%。结论:该方法简便,结果准确,重现性好,可作为炎可宁胶囊的质量控制方法。     

清肺抑火口腔喷雾剂中栀子苷、黄芩苷含量测定

目的：建立清肺抑火口腔喷雾剂中栀子苷和黄芩苷含量的测定方法。方法：采用HPLC法,以依利特C18柱（4.6mm×200mm,5μm）分离,以乙腈-水（11∶89）和甲醇-水-磷酸（45∶55∶0.2）为流动相,238nm和280nm为检测波长,流速1.0mL.min-1,柱温30℃。结果：栀子苷和黄芩苷分别在1.19~3.95μg（r=0.9998）和1.61~5.63μg（r=0.9998）范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为100.62%（RSD=1.70%）和100.32%（RSD=1.58%）。结论：该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,可作为清肺抑火口腔喷雾剂中栀子苷和黄芩苷含量的测定方法。     

HPLC法测定复方消炎颗粒中黄芩苷的含量

[目的]建立复方消炎颗粒中黄芩苷的含量测定方法。[方法]采用HPLC法,色谱柱为WelchromC18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.1%磷酸(45∶55)为流动相,检测波长为280 nm;流速为1.0 ml/min,柱温为35℃。[结果]黄芩苷含量在0.1624～1.624μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率为102.4%,RSD=1.34%。[结论]该法操作简便、可靠,可用于复方消炎颗粒的质量控制。     

HPLC同时测定小柴胡颗粒中四种成分的含量

目的:为了建立同时测定小柴胡颗粒中黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素和汉黄芩素四种有效成分含量的HPLC分析。方法:色谱柱:Dikma Diamonsil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈–0.05%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;波长:278nm。结果:黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素和汉黄芩素的线性范围分别为0.418～4.18μg(r=0.9999),0.2～2μg(r=0.9999),0.233～2.33μg(r=0.9999),0.215～2.15μg(r=0.9998)。小柴胡颗粒中4种成分的平均回收率分别为98.10%(RSD=0.59%),98.85%(RSD=1.33%),98.95%(RSD=1.36%),99.09%(RSD=1.23%)。结论:该方法快速、简便、准确、具有良好的重复性和回收率,可作为小柴胡颗粒中这4种成分的含量测定方法。     

HPLC法测定黄芩片中黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立黄芩片中黄芩苷的含量测定方法.方法:采用HPLC法,色谱柱为ODS C18柱(5 μm,4.6 mm×150 mm),流动相为甲醇-水-磷酸溶液(47:53:0.2),流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为280 nm.结果:黄芩苷进样浓度在9.4～188.0 μg/ml(r=0.999 7)范围内线性良好,平均回收率为99.6%,RSD为1.32%(n=6).结论:本文建立的HPLC法可作为黄芩片的质量控制方法.     

RP-HPLC法测定木蝴蝶中黄芩苷的含量

木蝴蝶为紫葳科植物木蝴蝶Oroxylum indicum(L·)Vent·的干燥成熟种子。性味苦、甘、凉;归肺、肝、胃经;具有清肺利咽、疏肝和胃功效[1]。黄芩苷为木蝴蝶药材抗炎、抗菌、清肺利咽作用的主要化学成分[2]。《中国药典》2005年版一部中木蝴蝶项下未有含量测定项,本文采用RP-HPLC色谱法对木蝴蝶药材中的黄芩苷含量进行了测定,以期为探讨木蝴蝶的质量控制标准提供参考。1仪器和试药Agilent 1100型高效液相色谱仪。木蝴蝶药材分别购于贵州、四川、云南、广西,经鉴定为Oroxylum indicum(L·)Vent。黄芩苷对照品:中国药品生物制品检定所提供…     

高效液相色谱法测定小儿止咳灵颗粒中黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立小儿止咳灵颗粒剂中黄芩苷的含量测定方法小儿止咳灵颗粒制剂中黄芩苷的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定,选定ODS-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-0.4%磷酸(45∶55,v/v),检测波长280 nm。结果:本法线性范围为0.122~0.732μg(r=0.999 6),平均回收率为99.9%(RSD=0.56%)。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、准确、重现性好,可用于小儿止咳灵颗粒的质量控制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.