Recurrent atrial tachycardia and atrial fribrillation after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation: What's the difference?

Background Recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATa) after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) includes atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fribrillation (AF). However, whether there are some differences in clinical course and mechanisms between the recurrent AT and the recurrent AF remained unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the incidence, mechanism, clinical course of the recurrent AT and AF in patients under CPVA.Methods One hundred and thirty consecutive patients (M/F=95/35) with highly symptomatic and multiple antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) refractory paroxysmal (n=91) or persistent (n=39) AF were included. The ablation protocol consisted solely of two continuous circular lesions around the ipsilateral pulmonary veins (PV) guided by CARTO system. The endpoint of CPVA is PV isolation. For patients with recurrent ATa within 2 months after the initial procedure, cardioversion with direct current was attempted if the ATa lasted for more than 24 hours. A repeat ablation procedure was performed only for patients with AADs refractory recurrent ATa and at least followed up for 2 months after the initial procedure.Results Within 2 months after the initial procedure, 52 patients (40.0%) had experienced episodes of symptomatic recurrent ATa. Among them, 23 patients (44.2%) with recurred AT alone (AT group), 14 patients (26.9%) with recurred AF alone (AF group), and 15 patients (28.8%) with recurred AT and AF (AT plus AF group). The delayed cure rate (65.2%) in AT group was significant higher than that in AF group (21.4%, P<0.05) and AF plus AT group (26.7%, P<0.05). A repeat ablation was performed in 21 patients, including 6 patients with recurrent AT alone, 8 patients with recurrent AF alone, and 7 patients with recurrent AF plus AT. The mean number of PV gaps was 1.2±0.4 in AT group, which was significantly lower than that in AF group (2.6±0.7, P<0.05) and AF plus AT group (2.0±0.6, P<0.05). Delayed cure rate and number of PV gaps between AF group and AF plus AT group were comparable (P>0.05).Conclusions Present study indicates that recurrent AT and AF after CPVA have the different clinical course and different electrophysiological findings during repeat procedure as follows: ⑴After CPVA, spontaneous resolution of recurrent ATa was mainly found in patients with recurrent AT alone (about two thirds patients). ⑵The type of recurrent ATa after CPVA is associated with the number of PV gaps.     

Recurrent atrial tachycardia and atrial fribrillation after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation: What’s the difference?

Background Recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATa) after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) includes atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fribrillation (AF). However, whether there are some differences in clinical course and mechanisms between the recurrent AT and the recurrent AF remained unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the incidence, mechanism, clinical course of the recurrent AT and AF in patients under CPVA.Methods One hundred and thirty consecutive patients (M/F=95/35) with highly symptomatic and multiple antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) refractory paroxysmal (n=91) or persistent (n=39) AF were included. The ablation protocol consisted solely of two continuous circular lesions around the ipsilateral pulmonary veins (PV) guided by CARTO system. The endpoint of CPVA is PV isolation. For patients with recurrent ATa within 2 months after the initial procedure, cardioversion with direct current was attempted if the ATa lasted for more than 24 hours. A repeat ablation procedure was performed only for patients with AADs refractory recurrent ATa and at least followed up for 2 months after the initial procedure.Results Within 2 months after the initial procedure, 52 patients (40.0%) had experienced episodes of symptomatic recurrent ATa. Among them, 23 patients (44.2%) with recurred AT alone (AT group), 14 patients (26.9%) with recurred AF alone (AF group), and 15 patients (28.8%) with recurred AT and AF (AT plus AF group). The delayed cure rate (65.2％) in AT group was significant higher than that in AF group (21.4％, P&lt;0.05) and AF plus AT group (26.7%, P&lt;0.05). A repeat ablation was performed in 21 patients, including 6 patients with recurrent AT alone, 8 patients with recurrent AF alone, and 7 patients with recurrent AF plus AT. The mean number of PV gaps was 1.2±0.4 in AT group, which was significantly lower than that in AF group (2.6±0.7, P&lt;0.05) and AF plus AT group (2.0±0.6, P&lt;0.05). Delayed cure rate and number of PV gaps between AF group and AF plus AT group were comparable (P&gt;0.05).Conclusions Present study indicates that recurrent AT and AF after CPVA have the different clinical course and different electrophysiological findings during repeat procedure as follows: ⑴After CPVA, spontaneous resolution of recurrent ATa was mainly found in patients with recurrent AT alone (about two thirds patients). ⑵The type of recurrent ATa after CPVA is associated with the number of PV gaps. Chin Med J 2005; 118(21):1773-1778     

Carto三维标测系统指导下心房颤动/扑动个体化消融原则的临床分析

目的 探讨个体化消融原则的临床效果及右房的作用.方法 房扑/房颤患者82例,男性42例,女性40例,年龄18～77(48.5±10.3)岁,左房内径26～52(35.4±5.3)mm.其中53例为阵发性房颤,14例为持续性房颤,15例为典型房扑.所有患者在Carto指导下进行个体化消融原则,以房扑/房颤被终止且不被诱发、肺静脉电位消失为消融终点.随访成功的定义为未服用抗心律失常药物、无任何症状性房性心律失常发作至少3个月.结果 ①随访时间3～28(13.4±3.3)个月,房扑和阵发性房颤消融随访成功率88.2%,持续性房颤仅为57.1%(P<0.05).2例有心包压塞,1例合并假性动脉瘤.无肺静脉狭窄等血管严重并发症.②阵发性房颤53例,其中10例为局灶性房早、短阵房速诱发的房颤(4例病灶位于右房内),8例行靶静脉线性消融,这类亚组手术无任何心律失常发作.其余43例阵发性房颤患者均行环肺静脉线性消融术,合并典型(4例)和非典型(6例)房扑者外加三/二尖瓣峡部消融.③15例典型房扑(4例为持续性房扑)患者,均行三尖瓣峡部消融,4例合并房颤者外加双侧肺静脉线性消融.④14例持续性房颤均经历了消融由房颤转变为房扑的过程,6例被消融终止和8例电复律复为窦律,半数分别进行了三/二尖瓣峡部消融和冠状静脉窦内消融,2例合并了起源于右房的房扑和房速.结论 Carto指导下房颤/房扑个体化消融可获得较好的临床疗效,右房的作用不能忽略.     

Effect of anxiety and depression on the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation

Background  The effects of anxiety and depression on the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) after circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) are not clear. Whether CPVA can alleviate the anxiety and depression symptoms of persistent AF patients is unknown.

Methods  One hundred and sixty-four patients with persistent AF, of which 43 treated with CPVA (CPVA group) and 103 treated with anti-arrhythmics drugs (medicine group), were enrolled. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were assessed before and 12 months after treatment in all patients.

Results  The scores of SAS (40.33±7.90 vs. 49.76±9.52, P <0.01) and SDS (42.33±8.73 vs. 48.17±8.77, P <0.01) decreased 12 months after CPVA. Over 12 months follow-up, AF relapsed in 17 patients in CPVA group. Compared with the data in the recurrent group (17 patients), the scores of SAS and SDS were significantly lower in the non-recurrent group (26 patients) at baseline. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed normal scores of SAS and SDS were the independent risk factors of AF recurrence after CPVA.

Conclusions  Anxiety and depression increase the recurrence risk of persistent AF after CPVA. CPVA can ameliorate the anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with persistent AF. 

     

Impact of the origin of sinus node artery on recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Background  Major atrial coronary arteries, including the sinus node artery (SNA), were commonly found in the areas involved in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and could cause difficulties in achieving linear block at the left atrial (LA) roof. The SNA is a major atrial coronary artery of the atrial coronary circulation. This study aimed to determine impact of the origin of SNA on recurrence of AF after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with paroxysmal AF.

Methods  Seventy-eight patients underwent coronary angiography for suspected coronary heart disease, followed by catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF. According to the origin of SNA from angiographic findings, they were divided into right SNA group (SNA originating from the right coronary artery) and left SNA group (SNA originating from the left circumflex artery). Guided by an electroanatomic mapping system, circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) was performed in both groups and PVI was the procedural endpoint. All patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-ablation. Recurrence was defined as any episode of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATAs), including AF, atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia, that lasted longer than 30 seconds after a blanking period of 3 months.

Results  The SNA originated from the right coronary artery in 34 patients (43.6%) and the left circumflex artery in 44 patients (56.4%). Freedom from AF and antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) at 1 year was 67.9 % (53/78) for all patients. After 1 year follow-up, 79.4% (27/34) in right SNA group and 59.1% (26/44) in left SNA group (P=0.042) were in sinus rhythm. On multivariate analysis, left atrium size (HR=1.451, 95%CI: 1.240–1.697, P <0.001) and a left SNA (HR=6.22, 95%CI: 2.01–19.25, P=0.002) were the independent predictors of AF recurrence.

Conclusions  The left SNA is more frequent in the patients with paroxysmal AF. After one year follow-up, the presence of a left SNA was identified as an independent predictor of AF recurrence after CPVA in paroxysmal AF.

     

环肺静脉加辅助径线消融治疗持续性和永久性心房颤动

目的 评估环肺静脉加辅助径线消融治疗持续性和永久性心房颤动(房颤)的有效性和安全性,分析房颤消融后复发的危险因素.方法 通过多中心临床注册研究的方式收集全国2006年1月至2006年12月期间行环肺静脉加辅助径线消融治疗持续性和永久性房颤的127例病例资料,分析环肺静脉加辅助径线消融治疗持续性和永久性房颤的成功率和复发率,对心脏功能和房性心律失常的影响,以及并发症发生情况.将临床和超声影像学指标作为待选变量,探讨消融后房颤复发的危险凶素.结果 在平均(94±4)个月随访期间,成功率为68.5%,复发率为31.5%.消融成功的患者术后左心房内径[(41±8)mm vs(43±7)mm]、左心室舒张末期直径[(49±7)mm vs(48±6)mm]和左心室射血分数[(61±8)%vs(62±10)%]较术前无明显改变(均P>0.05).消融后房性心动过速和房性早搏有所增加(P<0.05和P<0.01).消融并发症为皮下血肿3例(2.4%).与复发相关的危险因素有女性(P<0.05)和左心房增大(P<0.05).结论 环肺静脉加辅助径线消融治疗持续性和永久性心房颤动安全性好,具有较好的有效性.     

Electroanatomical systems to guided circumferential pulmonary veins ablation for atrial fibrillation: initial experience from comparison between the Ensite/NavX and CARTO system

Background The circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA) has been proved effective for atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment and is becoming more widely accepted and practiced. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of the CARTO and the Ensite/NavX system and draw a comparison between them on the aspects of procedural parameters and clinical effectiveness.Methods Seventy-five cases with paroxysmal or chronic symptomatic AF were randomly assigned to CPVA procedure guided by the Ensite/NavX system (group Ⅰ, n=40) and by the CARTO system (group Ⅱ, n=35). After successful transseptal procedure, the geometry of left atrium was created under the guidance of the two systems. Radiofrequency energy was applied to circumferentially ablate tissues out of pulmonary veins’ (PVs’) ostia. In cases with chronic AF, linear ablation was applied to modify the substrate of left atrium （LA）. The endpoint of the procedure was complete PVs isolation. Results Seventy-five cases underwent the procedure successfully. The total procedure and fluoroscopic durations in group Ⅱ were significantly shorter than in group Ⅰ ［(150±23) min and (18±17) min versus (170±34) min and (25±16) min, P=0.03 and 0.04, respectively］. There was no significant difference in the fluoroscopic and procedure durations for geometry creation between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ ［(8±4) min and (16±11) min versus (5±4) min and (14±8) min, respectively］. The fluoroscopic durations for CPVA were (15±5) min in group Ⅰ versus (10±6) min in group Ⅱ (P=0.05), and the CPVA procedural durations were significantly shorter in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ ［(18±11) min versus (25±10) min, P=0.04］. AF was terminated by radio frequency delivery in 14 cases (35%) in group Ⅰ versus 5 cases (14%) in group Ⅱ (P=0.035). After CPVA complete PV isolation was attained in 26 cases (65%) in group Ⅰ versus 11 cases (31%) in group Ⅱ (P=0.004). During a mean follow-up of 7 months, 32 (80%) cases in group Ⅰ and 24 (69%) cases in group Ⅱ were arrhythmia-free (P=0.06). One case developed pericardium effusion and another one case was found to have intestinal artery thrombosis in group Ⅱ. One case had moderate hemothorax in group Ⅰ. All the complications were cured by proper treatment. No PV stenosis was observed. Conclusions The CPVA procedure for atrial fibrillation is effective and safe. Although there is difference between the CARTO and the Ensite/NavX system, the CPVA procedure guided by either of them yields similar clinical results.     

单中心球囊冷冻消融术后房性快速性心律失常的电生理标测和再消融治疗

目的 对阵发性心房颤动(简称房颤)患者行球囊冷冻消融后复发房性快速性心律失常的电生理机制进行初步探讨.方法 连续入选阵发性房颤行球囊冷冻消融后复发房性快速性心律失常、并行再次消融的患者.术中使用三维电解剖标测系统,先对左心房进行电压标测,判断各支肺静脉及肺静脉前庭是否仍有电传导,若有,则行射频消融,完成肺静脉及肺静脉前...     

环肺静脉线性消融治疗慢性心房颤动疗效分析

目的探讨三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉线性消融治疗慢性心房颤动(房颤)的疗效和安全性。方法2004年8月至2005年11月间对连续100例慢性房颤患者进行三维标测系统(CARTO系统或EnSiteNavXTM系统)指导下的环肺静脉线性消融,消融的主要终点为肺静脉电学隔离。随访成功的定义为未服用抗心律失常药物无任何房性心律失常发作至少3个月以上。统计相关变量,分析影响成功率的因素。结果平均随访9·7±5·7个月,累计成功率为70%(70例)。复发患者中峡部消融比例及平均射血分数均低于无房颤复发的患者。主要并发症包括心脏压塞3例(3%)、脑卒中1例(1%)、无症状性肺静脉狭窄2例(2%)。结论三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉线性消融治疗慢性房颤疗效较好,安全性有待进一步提高。     

环肺静脉消融治疗老年患者心房颤动的有效性和安全性分析

目的:分析环肺静脉消融治疗老年患者心房颤动的有效性和安全性,并分析其术后复发危险因素。方法:通过多中心临床注册研究的方式分析全国2006年1-12月460例行环肺静脉消融治疗老年房颤患者(年龄≥60岁)的有效病例资料,观察手术的成功率、复发率和并发症发生情况,并分析其复发危险因素。结果:在平均(9.0±3.7)月的随访期间,环肺静脉消融治疗老年患者心房颤动的成功率为75.9%,复发率为24.1%。阵发性房颤、持续性房颤和永久性房颤成功率分别为77.1%、69.4%和55.6%。消融总的并发症发生率为3.0%,其中心包压塞7例(1.5%),皮下血肿5例(1.1%),感染1例(0.2%),脑卒中1例(0.2%)。术前左房内径增大是消融后房颤复发的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论:环肺静脉消融治疗老年患者心房颤动具有较好的有效性和安全性,术前左房内径增大是消融后房颤复发的危险因素。     

心房颤动环肺静脉消融术后早期复发预测因素的临床分析

目的探讨心房颤动（AF）环肺静脉消融术（CPVA）后早期复发预测因素。方法收集2010年1月～2013年10月江苏省徐州市中心医院收治的阵发性AF患者120例,实施CPVA进行治疗,根据术后是否复发分为复发组（38例）和未复发组（82例）,探讨术后早期复发的预测因素。结果经单因素分析显示,高血压、P波离散度、左心房内径、术前及术后NT-proBNP水平以及AF持续时间均与术后复发密切相关（p〈0.05）;经多因素分析显示,P波离散度以及术前NTproBNP是术后复发的预测因素。结论P波离散度以及术前NT—proBNP是CPVA术后复发的预测因素,P波离散度提高能够预测复发,而术前NT—proBNP提高则提示AF易感性增强,亦可预测术后复发。     

Pulmonary vein tachycardia after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation

Background Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has been developed to treat patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and the electrophysiological endpoint of PV isolation is the disappearance or dissociation of pulmonary vein potentials (PVPs). Pulmonary vein tachycardia (PVT) is the dissociated PV rhythm with a rapid rate. However, the characteristics and significance of PVT after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with AF remains unclear. Methods From June 2003 to June 2005, a total of 285 consecutive patients with drug refractory AF were included in this study, and they underwent segmental pulmonary vein ablation (SPVA) or circumferential pulmonary vein ablation (CPVA). PV isolation was the initial endpoint for both approaches with documenting disappearance or dissociation of PVPs. PVT was characterized as dissociated activities within PVs with a circle length (CL) of &lt;300 ms, and was classified into organized PVT or disorganized PVT according to the variance of CL. Systematic follow-up was conducted after initial procedures. Continuous variables were analyzed by Student’s t test and categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Three hundred and fifteen PVs were ablated in 85 patients underwent SPVA approach, 400 circular lesions surrounding ipsilateral PVs (including 790 PVs) were produced in the rest of 200 patients received CPVA approach. Electrical isolation was achieved in all of these PVs. Of these, PVPs were abolished in 89.8% (992/1105) of the ablated PVs, dissociated PV rhythms were documented in the rest 10.2 % (113/1105) of the treated PVs. Among the 113 dissociated PV rhythms, 28 met the criteria of PVT with mean CL of (155±43) ms (2 PVTs in 2 patients received SPVA, 26 PVTs in 18 patients underwent CPVA). PVT was more frequently documented in patients underwent CPVA approach [9.0% (18/200) vs 2.3% (2/85), P=0.04]. During the 6-month follow-up, it was indicated that no significant difference existed in AF free rate between patients with PVT and those without PVT (P=0.75). Conclusions PVT dissociated from LA activations can be documented after PV isolation, especially in patients underwent CPVA approach. However, PVT does not affect the follow-up results.     

导管射频消融术对房颤患者左心房结构的影响

目的评价导管射频消融术对心房颤动(AF,房颤)患者左心房结构的影响。方法 43例房颤患者接受治疗,其中阵发性房颤32例,持续性房颤11例。8例行肺静脉电隔离术,35例行Carto指导下环肺静脉前庭隔离术,消融终点均为双侧肺静脉完全电隔离。应用超声心动图测定其消融术前1~3 d和术后1、3个月静息时窦性心律下左心房内径,分析消融术前、后左心房结构的变化。结果 43例房颤患者均成功施行环肺静脉左房线性消融术,随访时间(6±2)月,最短3个月,最长14个月,治愈率93.02%。左房内径消融术后1个月较术前无明显改变[(35.74±5.77)mm vs(35.69±6.25)mm,P>0.05],随访3个月时左房内径较术前显著减小[(31.99±3.66)mm vs(35.69±6.25)mm,P<0.01]。结论房颤患者于术后3个月时左房结构可逆重构。     

以环肺静脉消融为基础分步消融治疗心房颤动

目的探讨在三维标测系统指导下，以环肺静脉消融为基础，分步消融治疗心房颤动（房颤）的可行性和有效性。方法对12例药物治疗无效的阵发性房颤（10例）和持续性房颤（2例）患者，以三步消融方法进行消融：环肺静脉前庭消融、节段性肺静脉消融和碎裂电位 (CFAEs) 消融。以每个阶段房颤不再被诱发作为消融终点,或完成三个阶段。结果消融结束时，10例阵发性房颤不再被诱发，其中第1阶段7例，第2阶段2例，第3阶段1例。2例持续性房颤在完成所有3个阶段后仍持续发作，最后经体外电转复。3例于术后2d内短暂复发，继续随访后未再房颤复发，1例房颤并典型心房扑动（房扑）患者术后复发房扑，无房颤复发。所有患者经(10±4)个月随访后，均无房颤复发，无左房房性心律失常出现。手术无并发症发生。手术中放电时间(38±11)min, X线透视时间(37±11)min，操作时间(3.0±0.5)h。结论 以房颤不再被诱发为手术终点、以环肺静脉消融为基础的分步消融治疗房颤策略是安全可行的。对于阵发性房颤采用环肺静脉消融术式即有良好效果，而对单纯环肺静脉消融不成功者结合节段性肺静脉消融及碎裂电位消融可进一步提高成功率。     

血浆髓过氧化物酶与房颤射频消融术后复发的关系研究*

目的 分析血浆髓过氧化物酶（MPO）与心房颤动（以下简称房颤）患者行射频消融术后复发的关系。方法 前瞻性研究2017年9月—2018年3月中南大学湘雅医院行射频消融治疗的房颤患者45例,术前检测血浆MPO水平并行超声心动图等检查,术后随访1年,根据房颤复发情况分为复发组与未复发组。结果 所有患者随访时间12个月。房颤术后复发率为31.1%（14/45）,其中阵发性房颤复发率为25.0%（8/32）,持续性房颤复发率为46.1%（6/13）。Cox多因素回归分析显示,术前MPO>50.5?ng/ml与房颤术后复发有关[HlR= 4.292（95% CI：1.153,15.985）,P?=0.030]。结论 房颤消融前血浆MPO水平>50.5?ng/ml与术后复发相关。     

血浆NT—pro-BNP和左房内径对房颤导管射频消融术后复发的评估价值

目的：探讨术前血浆NT-pro-BNP和术前超声心动图左房内径对环肺静脉消融术治疗房颤术后复发的相关性,以提高房颤射频消融手术的成功率。方法70例行环肺静脉消融术的房颤患者,在术前检测血浆NT-pro-BNP,经胸超声心动图测量左房内径,经食道超声心动图了解有无左房内血栓形成。15例有左房内血栓形成者未行环肺静脉消融术,余下55例均成功行环肺静脉消融术。术后随诊,每月复查心电图,动态心电图了解有无房颤的复发。3月后仍有房颤发生则认为手术失败。成功组39例、失败组16例。结果69%患者NT-pro-BNP高于正常范围。消融失败组NT-pro-BNP明显高于成功组,失败组左房内径明显大于成功组。结论对于NT-pro-BNP明显增高且左房内径又明显增大者行环肺静脉消融术治疗房颤则复发的可能性明显增加,可将术前NT-pro-BNP及左房内径作为房颤术前筛选患者的参考指标。     

房颤患者环肺静脉电隔离术后快速性房性心律失常的再消融治疗效果分析

目的:观察心房颤动患者环肺静脉电隔离术(CPVI)后快速性房性心律失常(ATa)的再消融治疗效果,并探讨其可能的发生机制。方法:64例阵发性房颤患者在初次行CPVI后(3.7±2.4)个月再次行电解剖标测系统指导下ATa标测和消融。结果:共标测到78种ATa,其中48种(61.5%)为局灶性机制,30种(38.5%)折返机制。在折返机制中,12例为普通房扑,18例为左房内折返,其折返环与二尖瓣峡部、左房前壁及原环肺静脉消融线上的传导间隙有关。2例患者因ATa不稳定而无法标测。64例患者中,56例(87.5%)消融即刻成功,8例需要电复律成窦性心律。术后随访13~21个月,平均(16.5±2.9)个月,60例(93.8%)患者不再发生ATa。结论:CPVI术后ATa的机制可为折返性和局灶性,可通过CARTO系统激动顺序标测成功消融治疗。     

房颤射频消融术后复发的心率变异比较分析

目的探讨自主神经系统与射频消融术后复发的关系。方法2011年2月-2012年8月在解放军总医院心内科行左房环肺静脉消融术治疗阵发性房颤的患者82例,均接受三维标测系统（CARTO）指导下左房环肺静脉电隔离射频消融术。分别在术前3d、术后3d、术后3、6、12个月及以后每6个月定期随访,并进行12导联动态心电图（Hoher）监测,根据术后3d的结果将患者分为房颤早期复发组（34例）和未复发组（48例）;并根据3个月后的随访结果将患者分为房颤晚期复发组（22例）和无复发组（60例）。分别记录早期、晚期复发组与未复发组患者的平均心率（MeanHR）及心率变异（heartratevarability,HRV）,进行比较分析,包括时域指标R—R间期的标准差（SDNN）、R—R间期平均值的标准差（SDANN）、相邻R—R间期差的均方根（rMSSD）、相邻R—R间期差值超过50mm的N—N间期所占百分数（PNN50）,频域指标低频功率（10w frequency,LF）、高频功率（high frequency,HF）、低频与高频功率比值（LFIHF）。结果82例患者均达到肺静脉电隔离。术后未复发组与复发组比较,早期MeanHR降低,HRV指标均显著降低,LF／HF升高;晚期仅有反应迷走神经的指标显著降低,LF／HF升高。结论迷走神经的持续降低可有效地减少房颤的晚期复发。     

二尖瓣L峰对房颤导管消融术后3个月复发的预测作用

目的 通过对房颤射频消融术后3个月复发情况的随访,判断二尖瓣血流图L峰对房颤早期复发的预测价值.方法 选取2015年7月至2016年12月152名在本院就诊并行房颤射频消融术的患者,通过筛选最终入选126名,其中男性71名,女性55名,年龄34 ～ 75岁,平均年龄(57.1±9.0)岁,术前通过超声心动图依照有无二尖瓣血流图L峰分为A、B2组,A组二尖瓣血流图无L峰的患者70人,其中男性40人,女性30人,B组二尖瓣血流图有L峰的患者56人,其中男性31人,女性25人.在房颤射频消融术后3个月随访2组患者的复发情况.结果 A组患者较B组患者有更快的心率、更短的房颤病程和更多的高血压病例数,差异均有统计学意义(分别P＜0.01,P＜0.01和P＜0.05).A组患者随访有13例复发,复发率18.6％,B组患者随访有31例复发,复发率55.4％,2组间复发率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),通过单变量统计分析L峰及其他各项可能的影响因素,认为L峰对房颤射频消融术后复发的预测有重要价值(P＜0.01).结论 二尖瓣口血流图L峰可作为房颤射频消融术后3个月复发的预测因子.     

非接触三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电隔治疗心房颤动的临床评价

目的:探讨非接触三维标测系统指导下环肺静脉电融隔离治疗心房颤动(房颤)的可行性和临床疗效.方法:28例药物治疗无效或不能耐受的房颤患者.其中23例阵发性房颤、5例持续性房颤.采用非接触三维标测系统(Ensite navX)建立左心房、肺静脉的三维等时电势图和电解剖图,并在距离肺静脉口1～2 cm处行环肺静脉及其周围组织电隔离.消融终点包括:完成所有环肺静脉消融径线;全部肺静脉均达电隔离;阴性诱发结果.结果:28例患者均达到消融终点;手术的总操作时间和X线曝光时间分别为(161.3±23.2)min和(38.0±6.8)min;随访6～17月,20例(71%)无房颤发作;8例(29%)有房颤复发,其中2例因其发作次数及时间均较术前明显减少未再消融,予以可达龙治疗可控制(术前可达龙治疗无效),6例行第2次消融,术中均发现肺静脉电位有不同程度的恢复,第2次术后4例房颤无再发,2例仍有发作但未再消融,予以可达龙治疗可控制.术中及随访期间无任何操作相关并发症.结论:非接触三维标测系统指导下的环肺静电隔离是治疗房颤的有效而安全的方法.肺静脉既是房颤的诱发机制,亦有可能参与房颤的维持.