微波热疗对人乳腺癌阿霉素细胞MCF-7多药耐药蛋白及耐药性的影响

目的探讨微波热疗对人乳腺癌阿霉素细胞MCF-7和阿霉素耐药细胞MCF-7/ADM的多药耐药蛋白表达和耐药性的影响。方法应用Real-TimePCR法检测微波热疗对P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)表达的影响和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测微波热疗对细胞内阿霉素浓度的影响。结果MCF-7/ADM细胞在微波热疗后4h和24h,P-gp、MRP表达量明显下降(P<0.01)。微波热疗以后肿瘤细胞内阿霉素(ADM)浓度有明显上升(P<0.01)。结论微波热疗抑制了耐药蛋白的表达,增加了细胞内的药物浓度,热疗可能是逆转化疗耐药从而提高化疗效果的一种有效手段。     

逆转胶囊对人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADR细胞中P-gp和MRP表达的影响

目的:检测逆转胶囊对乳腺癌耐药相关蛋白表达的影响,探讨其逆转乳腺癌多药耐药的作用机制。方法:流式细胞术、免疫印迹技术(Western-blot)检测逆转胶囊作用前后MCF-7/ADR细胞表面P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)的表达。结果:逆转胶囊能显著抑制MCF-7/ADR细胞表面P-gp的表达,并可诱导MRP表达下降,其作用随血药浓度增加和作用时间的延长而增强。结论:逆转胶囊逆转乳腺癌多药耐药的机制与下调P-gp和MRP的表达有关。     

RNA干扰逆转肝细胞癌多药耐药

目的 筛选高效dsRNA/mdr1,以备研究RNA干扰逆转肝细胞癌多药耐药之用.方法 首先根据siRNA设计原则,以多药耐药基因(mdr1)为靶基因,设计并选择4～5条siRNA/mdr1,经BLAST后体外转录法合成dsRNA/mdr1,用Oligofectamine试剂分别转染HepG2/mdr1,然后从mRNA、蛋白(P-gp)表达水平和细胞功能变化评价HepG2/mdr1耐药性被逆转的程度,比较各个dsRNA/mdr1的逆转效率,筛选出有效的siRNA/mdr1.结果 成功合成5条dsRNA/mdr1(其中1条为阴性对照),dsRNA/mdr1-4 mRNA表达(18.73±1.33)%、蛋白表达变化(79.1±1.6)%～(16.8±0.4)%与其他各组细胞比较,有显著性差异;细胞内柔红霉素(DNR)累积量也较其他组明显增加(平均荧光强度79.58,阳性率84.25%,P＜0.05).结论 体外转录法结合脂质体转染适用于筛选高效siRNA,肯定了siRNA干扰序列能够有效阻抑mdr1基因编码蛋白p170的功能.     

siRNA逆转survivin介导的T24/AMD细胞多药耐药的研究

目的:研究siRNA(small interfering RNA)逆转survivin介导的膀胱癌多药耐药性。方法:设计针对survivin基因的siRNA,转染膀胱癌T24/ADM细胞,采用RT-PCR检测mRNA表达,免疫印迹法检测蛋白表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞内阿霉素累积量。结果:siRNA能明显逆转T24/ADM细胞的多药耐药,使survivin基因的mRNA及蛋白表达水平下调,细胞内阿霉素累积量显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:siRNA通过抑制survivin基因表达从而逆转膀胱癌的多药耐药。     

NHE-1特异性抑制剂DMA逆转HL-60/ADM细胞多药耐药的实验研究

目的 探讨钠/氢交换器-1(Na /H exchanger-1, NHE-1)特异性抑制剂二甲基氨氯吡咪(dimethyl amiloride, DMA)是否能在体外逆转耐药细胞株HL-60/ADM的多药耐药及其可能机制.方法 以阿霉素诱导产生多药耐药(multidrug resistance, MDR)的HL-60/ADM细胞株为研究对象,用MTT法检测化疗药物敏感性,流式细胞仪检测细胞内柔红霉素积累量,RT-PCR法检测mrp、bcl-2、bax mRNA表达,免疫细胞化学法检测细胞膜多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)表达,TUNEL法检测原位细胞凋亡.结果 与50 μmol/L DMA共同培养24 h后,HL-60/ADM细胞对ADM、MIT、VCR、HAR 4种化疗药物的IC50值分别由(839.5±45.2 )、(321.2±28.9)、(70.5±15.5)、(65.2±20.7)ng/ml降低至(180.5±38.9)、(76.4±12.0)、(30.2±7.5)、(31.7±7.2)ng/ml;分别与50、100 μmol/L DMA共培养24 h后,HL-60/ADM细胞内DNR积累量荧光强度由作用前的33.56升高到48.74和70.10,细胞内mrp mRNA表达量、MRP蛋白表达量及bcl-2 mRNA表达量明显降低,bax mRNA表达量明显升高;与100 μmol/L DMA共同培养24 h后,5 μg/ml ADM作用下的HL-60/ADM细胞凋亡率明显增高.结论 DMA可逆转HL-60/ADM细胞的MDR,其机制可能与下调MRP表达及促进bcl-2/bax凋亡途径有关.     

靶向mdr1b/mdr1a基因siRNA逆转T24/ADM多药耐药性研究

目的:研究mdr1b/a基因siRNA(small interfering RNA)逆转膀胱癌的多药耐药性。方法:设计mdr1b/a基因的siRNA,转染膀胱癌T24/ADM细胞,用RT-PCR分析mRNA的表达,Rh123分析P-gp活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞内阿霉素积累量。结果:siRNA能明显地逆转T24/ADM细胞的多药耐药,使mdr1b/a基因的mRNA表达水平下调,细胞内阿霉素积累量显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:mdr1b/a基因siRNA能够逆转膀胱癌的多药耐药性。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测乳腺癌5种多药耐药基因的表达强度

目的 :检测 5种多药耐药基因在乳腺癌细胞株 MCF- 7和 MCF- 7/ADR里的表达强度变化 ,为乳腺癌多药耐药逆转研究提供新的思路。方法 :通过实时荧光定量 PCR技术分别检测乳腺癌敏感细胞株 MCF- 7和耐药细胞株 MCF- 7/ADR里的 mdr1、MRP、L RP、GST- π、TOPO α基因表达强度。结果 :MCF- 7/ADR里的 mdr1、MRP、LRP、GST- π基因表达强度分别比它们在 MCF- 7里的表达强度相对增加了 1 2 5 .39、5 5 .5 3、1 .2 4、3.38倍 ,TOPO α则降低了 0 .43倍 ,其中 mdr1、MRP表达强度的相对增加倍数均显著高于 L RP、GST- π、TOPO α的增加 (或降低 )倍数 ( P<0 .0 0 1 )。结论 :除了 mdr1之外 ,MRP也可能在乳腺癌的多药耐药产生机制里起重要作用。因此 MRP基因可以成为乳腺癌耐药逆转研究的新作用靶点     

Wnt1基因在乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7/ADR中的表达与多柔比星化疗抵抗关系的研究

目的探讨Wnt1在乳腺癌细胞中的表达及其在多柔比星化疗抵抗中的作用。方法采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测Wnt1基因在乳腺癌细胞中的表达;双链siRNA转染阻断Wnt1基因,RT-PCR和免疫印迹法(Western blotting)检测基因沉默效果;细胞毒实验(MTT)法检测乳腺癌细胞的生长抑制率。结果对照组、siRNA干扰组、多柔比星处理组,Wnt1沉默MCF-7/ADR+ADM组的细胞存活率分别为(100±5.2)%,(84.3±4.1)%,(68.7±4.7)%和(42.3±3.5)%,其他3组的细胞存活率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(F=5.381,P<0.05)。Wnt1沉默MCF-7/ADR+ADM组与其他3组比较细胞的存活率均降低,与对照组、siRNA干扰组和多柔比星处理组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);Wnt1在乳腺癌细胞呈高表达,siRNA沉默Wnt1基因,可以显著下调Wnt1mRNA和蛋白的表达。结论 Wnt1基因在乳腺癌细胞呈高表达,沉默Wnt1基因下调Wnt1基因的转录和翻译,能显著增强乳腺癌细胞对多柔比星的敏感性,部分逆转其对多柔比星的耐药性。     

SiRNA逆转肺耐药相关蛋白表达介导的白血病细胞多药耐药

目的:研究双链短干扰RNA(siRNA)对白血病多药耐药细胞模型(K562/NaB)肺耐药相关蛋白(LRP)表达及功能的影响.方法:针对LRP基因设计合成特异性siRNA,在脂质体介导下转染K562/NaB;采用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测K562细胞LRP mRNA的水平;用流式细胞术检测K562/NaB细胞LRP蛋白表达的变化和细胞内柔红霉素(DNR)的蓄积;MTT法检测阿霉素(ADM)对K562/NaB细胞耐药的半数抑制浓度(IC50).结果:siRNA转染后:K562/NaB细胞的LRP mRMA水平明显降低;LRP蛋白表达由阳性转为阴性;细胞内DNR的蓄积明显增加,DNR平均荧光增强3.28倍;对ADM药物敏感相对逆转效率为78.18%.结论:siRNA可逆转由LRP介导的白血病细胞多药耐药.     

川芎嗪逆转人乳腺癌细胞耐药株多药耐药性的实验研究

[目的]观察川芎嗪对抗癌剂诱导人乳腺癌细胞耐药株MCF-7/adr细胞多药耐药性的逆转作用.[方法] MTT法检测抗癌剂对乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7)和阿霉素诱导的多药耐药细胞株(MCF-7/adr)的半数致死浓度(IC50),计算耐药指数(RI)和加川芎嗪、维拉帕米逆转剂后的逆转倍数;倒置显微镜和荧光显微镜观察川芎嗪逆转后的MCF-7/adr细胞形态;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测川芎嗪逆转后细胞凋亡的DNA片段.[结果] 对抗癌剂阿霉素、足叶乙甙、长春新碱、紫衫醇和长春花碱,MCF-7/adr细胞株的IC50均有明显增加, RI分别为145.7、41.7、72.2、488.4和286.8;加川芎嗪后IC50均有明显降低,逆转倍数分别为4.6、2.5、6.1、9.2和5.1,与逆转前相比具有统计学意义(P<0.01);荧光显微镜可观察到川芎嗪逆转后细胞凋亡的凋亡小体;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测出川芎嗪逆转后细胞凋亡的DNA片段.[结论] 川芎嗪有逆转抗癌剂诱导MCF-7/adr细胞的多药耐药性的作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.