贲门癌高、低发区居民贲门癌前病变和癌组织表皮生长因子受体检测

目的 :探讨高、低发区人群贲门癌变过程中表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)表达与病变发生发展的生物学意义。方法 :采用免疫组织化学方法 (ABC法 ) ,检测高 (133例 )、低发区 (14 2例 )居民贲门上皮不同程度病变的EGFR变化特征及其与病变的关系。结果 :在贲门癌高发区 ,随贲门上皮病变进展 ,慢性浅表性胃炎 (CSG)→慢性萎缩性胃炎 (CAG)→不典型增生 (DYS)→贲门腺癌 (GCA) ,EGFR蛋白阳性率分别为 4 3%、4 4 %、79%和 5 3% ;DYS组EGFR蛋白阳性率与其它各组比较差异有统计学意义 (P值均 <0 .0 5 ) ;EGFR蛋白表达阳性率随贲门癌分化程度降低而减低 ,但无统计学意义。在贲门癌低发区 ,随贲门上皮病变加重 ,EGFR蛋白阳性率呈明显上升趋势 ,从CSG→CAG→DYS→GCA ,EGFR蛋白阳性率分别为 16 %、2 7%、5 0 %和 4 6 % ;正常贲门组织 (NOR)、CSG与GCA ,NOR、CSG与DYS比较差异均有统计学意义 (P值均 <0 .0 5 )。EGFR蛋白表达阳性率不随贲门癌分化程度降低而改变。结论 :EGFR是贲门上皮癌变 ,特别是早期病变的重要分子变化。高、低发区贲门癌变可能存在不同的分子基础 ,环境中暴露的致癌因素不同 (质和量 )可能是导致这种差异的主要原因     

贲门癌高、低发区居民贲门癌前病变和癌组织中MUC3蛋白表达的比较

目的：探讨贲门癌高、低发区人群贲门癌变过程中MUC3表达变化特征及其与病变发生发展的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学(ABC)法和组织病理学方法，对来自河南省贲门癌高发区63例、低发区103例无症状居民贲门粘膜活检组织和高发区70例、低发区39例黄门癌(GCA)手术切除组织的MUC3的表达进行分析。结果：贲门癌高、低发区居民贲门上皮各级病变，均有不同程度的MUC3蛋白表达，从慢性浅表性贲门炎(CSG)→慢性萎缩性贲门炎(CAG)→不典型增生(DYS)→贲门癌(GCA)，MUC3蛋白表达免疫阳性率高发区分别为13％、44％、29％和38％，低发区分别为13％、13％、50％和33％。结论：低发区人群贲门癌变演进过程中MUC3阳性表达率呈逐渐升高的趋势，DYS阶段的变化最明显，而高发区居民CAG阶段阳性率最高，提示2者可能存在不同的危险因素和发病机制。     

河南贲门癌高、低发区人群贲门粘膜组织活检结果分析

目的：通过贲门癌高、低发区1975例无症状居民普查，进一步了解贲门上皮病变的特征及其与性别、年龄的关系，加深对贲门癌变多阶段演进的形态学变化特征的了解。方法：对食管癌高发区1006无症状居民，低发区208无症状居民进行纷纷内镜检查、粘膜活检和组织病理检查。结果：高发区1006例活检标本中，共发现9例早期贲门腺癌患者（GCA，0．9％），33例间变患者（DYS，3．3％），102例慢性萎缩性贲门炎患者（CAG，10．1％）和269例慢性浅表性贲门炎患者（CSG，26．7％），以及593例正常贲门上皮（NOR，58．9％）。9例早期GCA均发生在男性，间变患者男性明显高于女性；低发区：208例普查对象中，未发现早期GCA，但发现2例DYS（1．0％），7例CAG（3．4％），118例CSG（56．7％）和81例正常贲门上皮（38．9％）。男性CAG较女性常见，2例DYS中，男女各1例。结论：贲门癌高发区居民GCA、DYS、CAG的发现率明显高于低发区，进一步证实贲门癌的地域性分布特征，提示DYS和CAG是贲门癌重要的癌前病变。     

河南食管癌高发区居民食管和贲门上皮癌变过程中G-erbB2和c-myc表达的变化

目的：探讨河南食管癌高发区居民食管和贲门上皮癌变过程中C-erbB2和c-myc的表达变化特征及其与病变的关系。方法：采用纤维内镜活检、组织病理学和免疫组织化学方法，对84例无症状人群食管和贲门粘膜活检组织以及30例食管鳞癌患者和30例贲门腺癌患者的癌组织进行C-erbB2和c-myc的表达变化以及病理学的研究。结果：58例食管粘膜活检组织中，共检出16例正常食管上皮，34例基底细胞过度增生（BCH）和8例间变（DYS）；26例贲门活检组织中，共检出7例正常，6例慢性浅表性胃炎（CSG），10例慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）和3例DYS。食管正常组织，BCH和DYS组织均未发现C-erbB2阳性反应，但鳞状细胞癌（SCC）组织C-erbB2阳性率为50％；食管上皮各级病变组织均出现不同程度的c-myc免疫阳性率均出现明显的升高，其中间变组织阳性率最高，而卉门癌组织中其阳性率略低于间变组织。结论：c-myc过度表达是食管和贲门癌变过程中频发的分子事件，并与病变进展密切相关。C-erbB2过度表达与贲门上皮癌变密切相关，并可能是食管癌变晚期的重要分子事件。     

食管癌前病变和癌组织中p15、p16、mdm2和p53蛋白的表达

目的:探讨食管癌高发区河南林州市食管癌患者p15、p16、mdm2和p53的表达变化特征及其与各级病变的关系.方法:取食管癌高发区河南林州市居民156例的食管内镜黏膜活检组织(包括正常食管上皮(NOR)21例,基底细胞过度增生(BCH)45例,不典型增生(DYS)23例,原位癌组织(CIS)45例和鳞状细胞癌(SCC)22例),采用免疫组化ABC法分析p15、p16、mdm2和p53蛋白的表达情况.结果:NOR和各级癌前病变组织及SCC组织中均出现不同程度的p15、p16、mdm2和p53表达.随着病变发展(从NOR→BCH→DYS→CIS→SCC),p15和p16的表达逐渐降低,mdm2和p53的表达逐渐增高(P＜0.05).结论:p15、p16的低表达和p53、mdm2的高表达可能是导致病变持续向癌方向发生发展的机制之一.     

HP、hTERT在胃癌及癌前病变中的表达及相关性研究

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)、端粒酶基因(hTERT)在胃癌及癌前病变中的表达及相互关系。方法:采用特殊染色方法和原位杂交方法分别检测130例石蜡包埋标本中HP感染和hTERTmRNA的表达情况。结果:HP感染在慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)、慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)、非典型增生(DYS)和胃癌(GC)中表达率分别为40%、60%、70%和72.5%。GC与对照组(CSG)相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);hTERTmRNA在CSG、CAG、DYS及GC中表达率分别是0、10%、30%、78.75%。GC与CSG、CAG、DYS分别相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);HP感染阳性的胃癌组hTERTmRNA阳性的表达明显高于HP阴性的胃癌组(P<0.01)。结论:HP感染在CSG→CAG→DYS→GC这一演变过程中起着重要作用;胃癌的发生与端粒酶活性有密切关系;HP感染与端粒酶活性呈正相关。     

食管贲门双源癌患者癌组织中mdm2,CyclinD1和p16蛋白的表达

目的:探讨食管贲门双源癌组织中mdm2、CyclinD1和p16蛋白的表达.方法:采用免疫组化ABC法,对河南食管癌高发区30例双源癌患者食管鳞癌(SCC)和贲门腺癌(GCA)组织中mdm2、CyclinD1和p16蛋白的表达进行检测.结果:30例双源癌患者SCC组织中mdm2、CyclinD1和p16蛋白阳性率分别为57%(17/30)、45%(13/29)和24%(7/29),CCA组织中分别为73%(22/30)、33%(10/30)和17%(5/30),SCC和GCA组织中3种蛋白的阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).SCC和GCA组织中mdm2、CyclinD1和p16蛋白表达的一致性差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论:食管和贲门双源癌存在较高的mdm2、CyclinD1和p16蛋白表达一致性改变,提示河南食管癌高发区食管贲门双源癌可能具有相似的发病因素和分子机制.     

河南食管癌高、低发区居民食管癌前病变和癌组织维甲酸受体β的表达

目的：探讨食管癌高、低发区人群正常食管上皮和各级癌前病变组织中维甲酸受体β（RARβ）蛋白表达变化的特征及其与形态变化之间的关系。方法：食管癌高发区患者70例，低发区患者77例，采用卵白素－生物素－辣根过氧化氢酶复合物（ABC）法，检测高、低发区居民食管组织中RARβ蛋白表达。结果：RARβ免疫阳性反应主要定位于细胞膜和细胞浆。高、低发区居民食管正常上皮和各级病变组织中均有不同程度的免疫阳性反应，从正常→基底细胞过度增生（BCH）→间变（DYS）→鳞状细胞癌（SCC），高发区免疫阳性率分别为16％、27％、31％、60％，低发区分别为13％、38％、40％、66％。随SCC分化程度升高，RARβ阳性反应百分率亦呈升高趋势；高发区居民高、中、低分化SCC组织中RARβ的免疫阳性率为95％、73％、25％，低发区分别为95％、77％、39％，两地区间分化程度相似的SCC组织中RARβ阳性率相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。但是，高发区低分化与中、高分化SCC组织免疫反应阳性率相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01），与低发区SCC结果相似。结论：RARβ蛋白表达发生于食管癌变的各个阶段，食管癌高、代发区存在相似的改变，其蛋白表达的阳性率随SCC分化程度升高而显著升高，提示RARβ改变可能与食管癌细胞的分化有关。     

山西长治林州移民与河南林州居民食管、贲门和胃窦内镜病理结果比较

目的:比较分析河南食管癌高发区林州居民和山西长治的林州移民食管、贲门和胃窦内镜病理结果,进-一步了解遗传和环境因素对食管和贲门癌变的影响.方法:从移居到山西长治100 a的林州移民村中选择1个自然村并在河南林州选择1个与移民迁居前相近的自然村作为调查现场,随机对该2个自然村中30岁以上的居民进行食管/胃内镜检查和黏膜活检组织病理学检查.结果:①食管:移民村食管中段基底细胞过度增生(BCH)检出率高于林州居民(38%vs 28%,P＜0.05);②贲门:移民村慢性浅表性贲门炎(CSG)、不典型增生(DYS)和肠上皮化生(IM)的检出率均高于林州居民(P＜0.05),但两地区慢性萎缩性贲门炎(CAG)和贲门腺癌(GCA)的检出率相似(P＞0.05);③胃窦:移民村胃窦部DYS和IM检出率均高于林州居民(P＜0.05),但2地区胃窦部CSG、CAG和GCA检出率均相似(P＞0.05).结论:林州居民移民到山西长治100 a后,自然人群食管癌和贲门癌检出率、食管重度癌前病变检出率仍与林州原住地居民相似,而移民贲门和胃窦部重度癌前病变检出率均高于林州居民.环境和时间变化均未明显影响食管和贲门癌前病变和癌的发生率,提示遗传因素在其发生中可能起重要作用.     

青年食管鳞癌和贲门腺癌组织中Ras相关区域家族1A蛋白的表达

目的:探讨青年食管鳞癌(SCC)和贲门腺癌(GCA)组织中Ras相关区域家族1A(RASSF1A)蛋白的表达变化特征.方法:采用免疫组织化学检测河南省林州地区青年SCC和GCA组织RASSF1A蛋白表达,将癌组织阳性结果分为弥漫型、灶性、镶嵌型,并分析其与临床病理变化的关系.结果:SCC和GCA组织中RASSF1A阳性表达频率均较高(83%(10/12)vs 89%(8/9)),与对应正常组织中的表达差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但表达类型并不相同.食管鳞癌以镶嵌型(4例)和灶性(4例)较多,弥漫型(2例)次之;食管正常组织以乳头性(3例)和灶性(3例)较多,镶嵌型(2例)次之,无弥漫型表达;贲门腺癌组织以灶性为主(6例),镶嵌型(2例)次之,无弥漫型表达;贲门正常组织以弥漫型(5例)较多,另有灶性(4例)表达.RASSF1A蛋白表达与SCC和GCA的转移、分化和浸润程度无相关性.结论:RASSF1A蛋白阳性表达是河南高发区青年食管鳞癌和贲门腺癌组织中常见的分子事件,可能在食管和贲门癌变过程中起一定作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.