鸡骨草醇提物对四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化的影响

目的研究鸡骨草醇提物对四氯化碳所致大鼠肝纤维化的影响。方法复制肝纤维化大鼠模型,随机分成5组:模型组,阳性组(秋水仙碱0.2mg/kg),鸡骨草醇提物低、中、高剂量组(20、40、80mg/kg),并设立正常组。连续灌胃给药30天。检测大鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平和谷胱甘肽-过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及肝组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)的表达,采用Masson染色观察肝组织纤维化程度。结果与模型组比较,鸡骨草醇提物组显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清中AST、ALT水平,提高GSH-Px活力(P<0.05),同时减少肝组织中Hyp含量(P<0.05),并减少大鼠肝脏胶原纤维。结论鸡骨草醇提物对CCl4所致的肝纤维化大鼠具有保护作用。     

从超微结构看党参花粉对实验性肝纤维化的治疗作用

用四氯化碳造成C_(57)小鼠肝纤維化,然后饲喂含党参花粉的饲料。电镜观察表明,党参花粉降低了中央静脉下成纤维细胞和血窦储脂细胞的活性,降低了Disse 腔胶原纤维的分级(P<0.01),其结果是减缓了肝纤维化的形成和发展。     

银杏叶片对土三七诱导大鼠HVOD的防治作用

目的 探讨银杏叶片对土三七诱导的肝小静脉闭塞病(HVOD)大鼠的预防治疗作用。 方法 采用土三七诱导建立大鼠HVOD模型, 42只雌性SD大鼠被随机分为四组,分别为蒸馏水对照组(A组)、土三七模型组(B组)、银杏叶片预防治疗组(分两个剂量组：(C组)50mg/(kg.d)和(D组)100mg/(kg.d)。A组每日按7ml/kg灌胃蒸馏水; B组给予土三七浓缩煎液,药量7ml/kg;C组给予土三七提取液(7ml/kg/d)+银杏叶片(50mg/kg.d)灌胃;D组给予土三七提取液(7ml/kg.d)+银杏叶片(100mg/kg.d)灌胃。4周后处死大鼠,留取血清、肝组织,检测血清学指标,并利用伊红(HE)染色对肝脏胶原表达及纤维化程度进行评价。结果 B组有10只大鼠成模,其血清学指标(ALT、AST、TBIL、TBA、ALB、HA 、PCIII、IV-C)较A组有明显异常(P<0.05),银杏叶片预防治疗组与土三七模型组比较,大鼠血清AST、TBIL、TBA明显降低,ALB、HA、 PCIII明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 银杏叶片预防治疗组组间比较,除IV型胶原指标有差异(P<0.05),其余指标差异不明显, 但100mg/(kg.d)的肝功能、肝纤维化指标结果更接近于空白对照组。肝脏组织病理检查显示治疗组肝纤维化程度均轻于模型组,其中以银杏叶片100mg/(kg.d)治疗组的肝纤维化改善最明显。结论 银杏叶片对土三七诱导的HVOD有明显的防治作用。     

扶正健肝方对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢的影响

目的观察扶正健肝方对白蛋白诱导的肝纤维化大鼠胶原代谢的影响。方法采用人血白蛋白(HSA)诱导大鼠肝纤维化,并随机分为扶正健肝方大、小剂量组(生药39.4、9.85g/kg)、秋水仙碱组(0.0001g/kg)、模型组、对照组等5组。放射免疫分析法测定层粘连蛋白(laminin,LN)、透明质酸(hyaluronic acid,HA)和Ⅳ型胶原(collagen type Ⅳ,Ⅳ-C)的含量,化学法测定肝脏羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline,Hyp)的含量。采用HE染色及VonGieson胶原纤维特殊染色观察肝组织结构改变及肝纤维化程度。图像分析系统定量分析肝内胶原纤维含量。结果扶正健肝方能明显降低人血白蛋白诱导肝纤维化大鼠血清层粘连蛋白、透明质酸和Ⅳ型胶原的含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),同时可降低大鼠肝脏中羟脯氨酸的含量。病理学观察,扶正健肝方能使大鼠胶原纤维沉积明显减轻,假小叶结构明显减少。图像定量分析显示扶正健肝方能明显降低肝脏胶原纤维的含量。结论扶正健肝方能通过对肝脏胶原物质代谢的影响而抑制人血白蛋白诱导的大鼠肝纤维化形成和发展。     

绞股蓝总皂苷对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能和肝纤维化的影响

目的:研究绞股蓝总皂苷(GPs)对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能和肝纤维化的影响。方法:36只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、肝纤维化组和GPs组3组,每阻各12只。采用人血清白蛋白攻击注射大鼠建立免疫性肝纤维化模型,GPs治疗组大鼠则在连续30 d给予白蛋白攻击注射的同时给予0.5 mg GPs。采用全自动生化仪检测血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)水平以评价肝功能,应用放射免疫法(RIA)检测血清中透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型胶原(PCⅢ)和层粘蛋白(LN)含量以评价肝纤维化程度,并以大鼠肝组织切片病理变化验证。结果:白蛋白攻击注射可显著升高肝纤维化大鼠血清中ALT、TBIL、TBA水平和HA、PCⅢ、LN水平(P<0.01,P<0.05)。GPs治疗可显著降低大鼠血清中 ALT、TBIL、TBA水平和HA、PCⅢ和LN水平(P<0.01,P<0.05)。GPs还可显著减少白蛋白攻击所致的胶原纤维生成,并改善大鼠肝纤维化病理损伤。结论:GPs可保护大鼠肝功能,抑制大鼠肝纤维化形成。     

肝复康对家兔血吸虫病肝纤维化的影响

肝复康治疗家兔血吸虫病肝纤维化试验的结果表明,该药能明显改善家兔肝纤维化病变。经肝复康治疗后,肝脏的胶原纤维量为15.4mg/g 肝;胶原纤维厚度为171.3μm;胶原纤维面积为4.61％。而对照组肝脏的胶原纤维量为29.0mg/g 肝;胶原纤维厚度为478.1μm;胶原纤维面积为14.4％。两组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。病理组织学发现,肝复康治疗后,肝损伤可从Ⅲ级改善为Ⅰ级。动物实验证明,该药为治疗血吸虫病肝硬化的理想药物。     

赖诺普利对大鼠胆汁淤积性肝硬化的抗肝纤维化作用

目的探讨赖诺普利对胆汁淤积性肝硬化的抗肝纤维化作用。方法采用胆总管结扎术制备大鼠胆汁淤积性肝硬化模型,分为赖诺普利组和模型对照组。前者于术后第3周给药,具体为:赖诺普利0.1mg/kg灌胃,1次/d,连续4周;后者于术后第3周给予生理盐水10ml/kg灌胃,1次/d,连续4周。同期设假手术组作为空白对照。6周后处死大鼠,取三组实验大鼠肝组织进行常规病理染色和胶原纤维染色;用放射免疫法测定各组血清透明质酸酶(HA)和层粘连蛋白(LN)含量,并测定肝组织羟脯氨酸(HYP)含量。结果与空白对照组比较,赖诺普利组和模型对照组的血清HA、LN活性均下降,而肝组织HYP含量均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,赖诺普利组肝细胞损伤和肝纤维化程度较轻。赖诺普利组的血清HA、LN活性以及肝组织HYP含量分别为(62.1±2.23)ng/ml、(42.8±6.23)ng/ml和(1.6±0.15)μg/mg,明显低于模型对照组的(97.5±4.50)ng/ml、(66.5±7.32)ng/ml和(2.0±0.27)μg/mg(P<0.05)。结论赖诺普利可以有效改善胆汁淤积性肝硬化大鼠模型的肝纤维化程度。     

三七粉对肝纤维化干预作用的实验研究

目的探讨三七粉对小鼠肝纤维化的干预作用。方法以四氯化碳、高脂、高胆固醇和酒精制造肝纤维化小鼠模型,同时给予三七粉(低、高浓度)进行防治,测定各组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)、直接胆红素(DBil)、r-谷氨酰基转肽酶(r-GT)含量的变化和行肝组织病理检查。结果用药后(低、高治疗组)血清ALT、TBil、DBil、r-GT含量明显低于模型组(P<0.05或P<0.01),用药组肝组织病理有明显的好转。结论三七粉对肝纤维化有较好的干预作用。     

通络方剂对糖尿病大鼠肝纤维化相关血清学指标及形态学的影响

目的 探讨通络方剂(Tongluo recipe,TLR)对糖尿病大鼠肝纤维化相关血清学指标及形态学的影响. 方法 SD大鼠予链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin, STZ)60 mg/kg腹腔注射,制备糖尿病模型.模型动物按随机数字表法分为2组,每组10只:糖尿病对照组、通络方剂干预组,同时取10只大鼠作为正常对照组,正常对照组和糖尿病对照组大鼠仅给予等量的生理盐水溶液,每日同一时间灌胃.造模12周后测血清肝纤维化指标,取肝组织测超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA),观察肝组织形态学改变. 结果 糖尿病大鼠血清透明质酸(hyaluronic acid ,HA)、Ⅳ型胶原(collagen type Ⅳ,Ⅳ-c)水平显著升高(P<0.01),肝血窦边缘及肝汇管区胶原纤维增生,Disse间隙贮脂细胞增生;糖尿病大鼠肝组织SOD活性显著降低,MDA水平显著升高(P<0.01).经通络方剂治疗12周后,血清HA、Ⅳ-c水平显著降低(P<0.05),肝纤维化病理形态有明显改善;糖尿病大鼠肝组织SOD活性显著增加、MDA水平显著下降(P<0.01),氧化应激水平有所下降. 结论 通络方剂可降低糖尿病大鼠血清肝纤维化指标,改善肝纤维化的病理形态,其作用机制可能与其增强了肝组织抗氧化酶类活性以及清除脂质过氧化物有关.     

丹芍化纤胶囊对大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的:探讨中药复方制剂丹芍化纤胶囊对大鼠免疫性肝纤维化的防治作用.方法: Wistar 雄性大鼠52只,分正常组、病理模型组、丹芍化纤胶囊低剂量组(0.3g/kg)、中剂量组(0.6g/kg)、高剂量组(0.9g/kg)及秋水仙碱组(0.15mg/kg).除正常组外,各组均腹腔内注射猪血清(0.5ml/只,2次/周,持续12周)诱导大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型,并同时给予相应药物灌胃,持续12周.实验第8、10周检测尿羟脯氨酸排出情况.实验结束后分别检测血清透明质酸(HA)及Ⅳ-型胶原(Ⅳ-C).肝脏常规病理切片行Masson三色法观察纤维化程度.结果:丹芍化纤胶囊中、高剂量给药能增加大鼠尿羟脯氨酸的排出量(P<0.01),降低血清HA和Ⅳ-C浓度 (P<0.01),减轻肝纤维化程度.结论:丹芍化纤胶囊能减轻肝脏损伤,增加胶原降解,具有预防大鼠肝纤维化的作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.