新型Taq Man-MGB探针实时荧光定量PCR检测人类mdr1基因

目的建立一种比现有方法敏感、准确性高、重复性好的人类mdr1基因的新型实时荧光定量PCR检测新方法。方法用Primer Express 2．0引物设计软件设计引物和MGB探针,以Taq Man-MGB探针技术为基础,运用Taq Man-MGB探针,以含有目的基因mdr1cDNA的质粒pHaMDR1／A为阳性模板,建立实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果所建立方法的最低检测限度为15个基因拷贝／反应,在待扩增DNA浓度为3．061×103 cps／ml-3．061×109cps／ml范围时,模板浓度与循环阈值(Ct)之间的相关性良好,决定系数r2为0．988243。结论应用Taq Man-MGB探针的实时荧光定量PCR方法检测人类mdr1基因,具有灵敏度高、特异性高和精确性高等优点。     

一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测白血病WT1基因mRNA

目的 构建RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测WT1基因mRNA表达的方法,准确定量检测白血病患者微小残留病,指导临床判断预后和早期预测复发.方法 从K562细胞提取的RNA用特异性引物扩增WT1基因,pMD18-T载体克隆法构建荧光定量PCR标准模板,建立RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测wTl基因方法,并对该方法的灵敏度、重复性和稳定性进行检测.结果 构建的RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR方法的灵敏度达10-4水平:以拷贝数为1.0x106～1.0×102 cps/ml的标准品,分别进行RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR扩增后,标准品的Ct值与该标准品模板起始浓度的对数存在线性关系,r值达0.998:管间和批间的变异系数均小于8%.结论 所建立RT-PCR一步法实时荧光定量PCR检测WT1基因方法的灵敏度、重复性和特异性好;RT和PCR反应过程一步完成,更简便快捷,减少加样和污染机会,更适合临床检测.     

荧光定量PCR检测细胞代谢综合征相关基因表达的优化

目的优化MRSG mRNA表达的Taqman荧光定量PCR检测反应体系并进行系统评价。方法设计荧光PCR适用的引物和探针,从模板、引物、探针、镁离子浓度等方面优化荧光定量PCR检测反应体系,评价优化系统的特异性和稳定性。结果确定系统的模板取样量为2μl,引物浓度为0.4μmol/L,探针浓度为0.2μmol/L,Mg~（2＋）浓度为4mM,建立了稳定的MRSG mRNA表达的Taqman荧光PCR检测方法。结论优化后的MRSG mRNA荧光PCR检测方法特异性和稳定性较好。     

新型MGB探针特异性检测变形链球菌

目的:设计一种新型TaqManMGB探针,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测变形链球菌,提高PCR法检测变形链球菌的特异性,减少检测的假阳性。方法:提取6种不同链球属细菌的DNA,分别进行巢式PCR和TaqManMGB实时荧光定量PCR,比较两种PCR方法检测变形链球菌的特异性。巢式PCR第1轮扩增的引物是细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物,第2轮扩增使用变形链球菌16S rRNA基因可变区序列的特异性引物。TaqManMGB实时荧光定量PCR的引物与第2轮巢式PCR特异性引物相同,设计的MGB探针序列与变形链球菌16S rRNA基因中特异性序列相匹配,不与其他细菌的基因序列匹配。将变形链球菌标准株的DNA样本从2.5 mg/L至0.16μg/L按5倍梯度稀释,制备出实时荧光定量PCR的标准曲线。结果:变形链球菌和格氏链球菌在巢式PCR中均扩增出282 bp的DNA片段,出现假阳性结果。TaqManMGB实时荧光定量PCR能定量检出变形链球菌标准株和临床株,不检出其他链球菌,比巢式PCR特异性更好。TaqManMGB实时荧光定量PCR对变形链球菌DNA的最低检出浓度为20μg/L。结论:本研究设计出一种针对变形链球菌的TaqManMGB探针,建立利用TaqManMGB实时荧光定量PCR特异性检测口腔中变形链球菌的方法。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测沙眼衣原体的研究

目的 采用TaqMan探针建立检测沙眼衣原体的实时荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)方法.方法 根据沙眼衣原体外膜蛋白A的基因(ompA)序列设计引物和探针,以克隆的ompA部分基因片段作DNA模板,建立实时荧光定量检测方法.结果 建立的荧光定量PCR检测方法的最低检出限为5 copies/反应,检测线性范围100107线性关系良好(r2=0.997),比巢式PCR敏感100倍;且与鹦鹉热衣原体、淋球菌、解脲脲原体、大肠杆菌等病原菌DNA以及人基因组DNA均无交叉反应,表明该方法具有良好的特异性.以巢式PCR作参比,建立的荧光定量PCR法检测沙眼衣原体的阳性符合率为100.00％,阴性符合率为95.09％,总符合率为96.81％.结论 建立的检测沙眼衣原体实时荧光定量PCR具有特异性强和敏感性高的特点,可快速检测样本中微量沙眼衣原体DNA,适用于对沙眼衣原体进行大规模筛选.     

TagMan PCR快速检测食品中空肠弯曲菌

目的:利用荧光定量PCR技术,建立食品中空肠弯曲菌污染的快速检测方法.方法:以空肠弯曲菌的hipO基因为靶序列,设计引物和探针,优化引物、探针浓度比和Mg2+浓度,对反应体系进行评价.并初步应用于样品的检测.结果:所建反应体系特异性、敏感性和稳定性良好.定量检测低限15cfu/ml.结论:建立了适用于食品中空肠弯曲菌污染快速检测的荧光定量PCR方法.     

猴小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌实时荧光PCR快速检测方法的建立

目的 建立一种能快速检测猴小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌实时荧光PCR方法.方法 以小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌耐热肠毒素基因的保守区为靶区域设计特异引物和探针,建立一种能快速检测小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的实时荧光PCR方法,并对方法的特异性、敏感性、线性相关性、重复性等因素进行试验.结果 建立的荧光PCR法对小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌具有特异的反应性,最低检出限为3.3×10 cfu/ml,菌液浓度在3.3×10〈＇7〉cfu/ml至3.3×10cfu/ml时与Ct值有较好的线性关系,试验重复性良好.结论 建立的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌实时荧光PCR检测方法适用于猴小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的快速检测.     

香港海鸥形菌TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光PCR的建立与应用

目的建立快速、灵敏、特异的香港海鸥形菌TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光PCR体系,用于食源性致病菌监测和淡水鱼产品贸易往来的快速检测。方法根据GenBank公布的香港海鸥形菌16SrRNA基因高保守序列,设计特异引物对和TaqMan-MGB探针,建立和优化快速检测体系,评价反应体系的特异性、灵敏度、重复性,并在淡水鱼类、急性胃肠炎腹泻患者标本中临床应用,结合细菌分离方法和序列测定分析进行验证。结果建立的香港海鸥形菌TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光PCR反应体系检测时限短,仅40min就可出结果,特异性好,与沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、副溶血弧菌等非目标菌无交叉反应,灵敏度高,检测下限达10拷贝／反应,稳定性好,同一浓度阳性质粒进行16次重复检测的Ct值变异系数0．183％。92份淡水鱼及211份医院急性胃肠炎腹泻标本实时荧光PCR与常规细菌分离结果完全一致,均检出了12株香港海鸥形菌。16SrRNA测序结果显示与HKU1株同源性在99．5％以上,进一步验证了实时荧光PCR的特异性。结论本研究建立的香港海鸥形菌TaqMan—MGB探针实时荧光PCR反应体系快速、特异、灵敏,在防止食源性疾病的传播和加快贸易通关速度方面,具有较强的的应用价值。     

双重实时荧光PCR检测肠出血型大肠埃希菌stx1和stx2基因方法的建立

目的建立一种检测肠出血型大肠埃希菌(EHEC)产毒基因stx1和stx2的TaqMan双重实时荧光PCR法。方法根据GenBank公布的EHECstx1和stx2基因序列进行比对后设计相应的PCR引物和TaqMan探针,探针报告基团分别使用FAM和HEX标记,淬灭基团使用BHQ1标记。建立双重实时荧光PCR反应体系并对反应条件进行优化,对方法的灵敏度、特异性及其重复性进行分析。结果建立了EHEC双重实时荧光PCR检测方法。菌液浓度为102～108cuf/ml时,均可观察到扩增曲线,且扩增曲线平滑;检测30份模拟临床样品,均检测到stx1和stx2基因,且均培养出EHEC,该方法灵敏度为100%;3次重复测定108、105、102cfu/ml3个高、中、低浓度的菌液DNA模板,得到其扩增曲线,计算各浓度的Ct值标准差及变异系数,均小于5%,在误差允许范围内。结论建立的双重实时荧光PCR法可快速、灵敏、特异、有效地检出EHEC。     

树鼩IL-2TaqMan探针实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立

目的 建立检测树鼩IL-2基因TaqMan探针实时荧光定量PCR方法.方法 以经ConA诱导培养的树鼩淋巴细胞总RNA为材料,设计特异性引物,通过RT-PCR技术克隆出树鼩IL-2基因,以构建的树鼩IL-2基因质粒为标准品,建立标准曲线,并进行灵敏度检测.结果 建立了树鼩IL-2基因mRNA表达实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,此法检测灵敏度高,线性范围可达102～109拷贝/ul.结论 成功建立了树鼩IL-2实时荧光定量PCR方法,此方法灵敏度高、特异性强,检测周期短,为探讨IL-2作用的分子作用机制奠定基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.