葛蓝减肥汤对营养性肥胖小鼠减肥降脂作用的研究

目的:探讨葛蓝减肥汤对营养性肥胖小鼠的减肥降脂作用.方法:采用高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,造模成功后,随机分为模型对照组、阳性药组和葛蓝减肥汤高、中、低剂量组,分别予小鼠灌服给药,同时设正常对照组饲喂普通饲料.4周后,测定小鼠体重、Lee's指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C).结果:与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠的体重、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、TC和TG含量均明显增加(P＜0.05),表明营养性肥胖小鼠造模成功;与模型对照组比较,葛蓝减肥汤高、中剂量组及阳性药组小鼠的Lee's指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、TC、TG含量明显降低,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:葛蓝减肥汤对营养性肥胖小鼠有一定的减肥降脂作用.     

高脂饮食诱发大鼠营养性肥胖动物模型的研究

目的:通过高脂饮食诱发建立雄性SD营养性肥胖大鼠动物模型。方法:40只SD雄性青年大鼠采用D12492配方所制作的高脂肪、高热量食物进行限制饲喂,2周时剔除肥胖抵抗大鼠,其余大鼠随机分成两组,即正常对照组给予普通饲料饲喂,高脂饮食组给予高脂饲料喂养4周,观察体重、Lee's指数。高脂饲喂8周时禁食24 h后麻醉取血分离血清,取肝脏制备匀浆,取体脂称重并计算脂肪指数,用全自动生化分析仪检测血清和肝脂中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,并于正常组进行比较分析。结果:高脂饲喂4周后,高脂饮食组体重达到(299.3±17.74)g,而正常组大鼠体重仅为(202.8±9.14)g,高脂组的Lee's指数与正常组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);同时高脂饮食组大鼠的脂肪湿重、脂肪指数、血清TC、TG、LDL-C以及肝脂TC、TG水平均显著高于正常组大鼠,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05、P<0.01、P<0.001)。结论:选取SD雄性青年大鼠采用D12492配方所制高脂饲料运用限制喂养的方式成功建立营养性大鼠肥胖模型,节省造模成本,同时显著提高血清和肝脏中的TC、TG水平,造成动物的高脂血症和脂肪肝病变,与人类临床肥胖症及相关并发症颇为相似,为共同研究人类营养性肥胖伴发的高脂血症与脂肪肝提供较为理想的动物模型。     

中药纤体组方加左旋肉碱酒石酸盐减肥降脂作用实验研究

目的:探讨中药纤体组方(XTA)和中药纤体组方加左旋肉碱酒石酸盐(XTB)对营养性肥胖大鼠减肥降脂的作用。方法:利用高脂饲料饮食建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型,通过观察大鼠的体重、摄食量、食物利用率、脂肪重量、脂体比,测定血清中甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的含量来评价受试品对肥胖大鼠减肥降脂的作用。结果:高脂模型组大鼠的体重、脂肪重量、食物利用率显著高于正常组(P<0.05),提示造模成功;与模型组相比,XTA高剂量组大鼠体重显著降低(P<0.05);低、中剂量组大鼠食物利用率显著降低(P<0.05);低、中、高剂量组脂肪重量、脂体比显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,XTB中、高剂量组大鼠的体重显著降低(P<0.05);低、高剂量组大鼠食物利用率显著降低(P<0.05);低、中、高剂量组大鼠脂肪重量、脂体比显著降低(P<0.01～0.05)。与模型组相比,XTA中、高剂量组,XTB低、中、高剂量组大鼠血清中TG的含量显著降低(P<0.05);XTB高剂量组大鼠LDL-C含量显著降低,HDL-C含量显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:XTA、XTB均可通过抑制营养性肥胖大鼠体重的增长、降低脂肪重量和食物利用率以达到减肥的作用,并对肥胖大鼠血脂有一定的调节作用,且XTB有优于XTA的趋势。提示中药纤体组方加用左旋肉碱酒石酸盐,可增强其减肥降脂的作用。     

葡多酚对大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的干预作用

目的:通过体内实验观察葡多酚(GP)对大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的干预作用。方法:Wistar成年雄性大鼠随机分成4组,分别为正常对照组、高脂模型组、葡多酚低剂量与高剂量组,每组10只。正常对照组给予基础饲料,其余3组喂饲高脂饲料诱发高脂血症。试验组动物每日经口灌胃给予40mg/kg、120mg/kg剂量的GP。于实验第31天测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及HDL亚组分Ⅱ和亚组分Ⅲ的胆固醇含量(HDL2-C、HDL3-C);并计算低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(LDL-C/HDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)和致动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)。结果:实验前、实验末期各组大鼠体重及实验末期体重增重均无差异。高脂模型组大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、AI均高于正常对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),而HDL-C、HDL2-C、HDL2-C/HDL3-C均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。与高脂模型组比较,葡多酚低剂量组与葡多酚高剂量组的TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C降低(P<0.01或P<0.05);HDL2-C含量、HDL2-C/HDL3-C比值升高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。葡多酚高剂量组的LDL-C/HDL-C明显低于高脂模型组(P<0.01),AI低于高脂模型组(P<0.05)。结论:葡多酚具有调整血脂、改善脂质代谢紊乱的作用。     

青年SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型的建立

目的:建立青年SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型。方法:出生4周的40只SD大鼠将其随机分为对照组与模型组,对照组给予普通饲料,模型组给予改良的高脂饲料,共饲养8周。观察对照组与模型组体重、Lee’s指数及总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)的变化情况。结果:在高脂饲养8周后,模型组平均体重、Lee’s指数、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:改良高脂饲料配方、迎合SD大鼠磨牙习性和混合喂养方式可以诱导青年SD大鼠营养性肥胖,致肥率达到83%。     

盐酸甜菜碱对大鼠血脂代谢的调节作用

目的:研究甜菜碱对大鼠高脂血症代谢的调节作用. 方法:Wistar大鼠分为正常组、高脂模型组、烟酸对照组和甜菜碱小、中、大3个剂量组.高脂饲料喂养6周后,酶法测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇脂(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇脂(LDL-C).结果:甜菜碱能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血中TC、TG、LDL-C,升高HDL-C,且与剂量呈相关性.结论:甜菜碱对大鼠高脂血症代谢具有较好的调节作用.     

炒莱菔子中芥子碱对高血脂大鼠血脂水平的影响

目的 探讨炒莱菔子中芥子碱对高血脂大鼠血脂水平的影响.方法 将Wistar大鼠随机分为空白、模型、芥子碱低、中、高剂量组与阳性药组,用高脂乳剂灌胃5天后,在造模的同时给药,于28天后采血,测定供试大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C).结果 与模型组相比,芥子碱低、中、高剂量组均显著性降低TC、TG、LDL-C(P ＜0.01,P＜0.05),芥子碱低剂量组对HDL-C没有明显影响,但中、高剂量组具有显著性升高HDL-C的作用(P＜0.05).结论 炒菜菔子中芥子碱有明显的降低血脂水平的作用.     

纳米蜂胶对实验性高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢的影响

目的 探讨纳米蜂胶对实验性高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢的影响.方法 采用动物实验法,观察不同剂量纳米蜂胶对高脂血症大鼠体重、肝重、血清总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)浓度及脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)、卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(LCAT)活性的影响.结果纳米蜂胶对高脂血症大鼠的体重、肝重及HDL-C含量无显著影响,但各剂量组纳米蜂胶均可显著提高LPL、HL的活力(P＜0.01,P＜0.05),中、高剂量纳米蜂胶可显著降低血清TC值和显著提高LCAT活力(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),高剂量组纳米蜂胶可使LDL-C含量、肝指数和动脉硬化指数(AI)显著下降(P＜0.05).结论 纳米蜂胶具有明显降低血清胆固醇的作用,可能与提高血酯蛋白相关酶活性有关.     

火麻仁油与藻油混合物对营养肥胖大鼠的降脂减肥作用研究

目的探讨火麻仁油与藻油对营养肥胖型大鼠的降脂减肥作用。方法大鼠喂饲高脂饲料以建立营养性肥胖模型。造模成功后,分为空白对照组、模型对照组、火麻仁油藻油低剂量组(75mg/kg)、火麻仁油藻油中剂量组(150mg/kg)、火麻仁油藻油高剂量组(300mg/kg),给予相应剂量药物连续灌胃30d。检测大鼠体重、Lee’s指数、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。结果模型对照组大鼠的体质量、Lee’s指数明显增高,且肾及附睾周围脂肪组织显著增多,TG、TC含量显著升高,HDL-C显著降低,LDL-C显著增高,血清和肝脏MDA升高,而SOD活力均降低(P0.05,P0.01)。与模型对照组相比,中、高剂量火麻仁油藻油均可显著降低高胆固醇血症动物大鼠的Lee’s指数、总脂体比和减少大鼠附睾周围脂肪组织的增加,TG含量显著降低、TC含量升高,HDL-C含量显著升高,MDA含量显著降低,SOD含量显著升高(P0.05,P0.01)。结论火麻仁油藻油对营养肥胖型大鼠有降脂减肥的作用。     

大柴胡汤干预高脂高胆固醇大鼠模型量效关系研究

目的:观察不同剂量大柴胡汤对高脂高胆固醇大鼠血脂的调节,探讨大柴胡汤对大鼠高血脂高胆固醇的作用机制。方法:建立对照组,正常饮食并每日给予生理盐水灌胃;高脂组与模型组以高脂饲料喂饲大鼠造模;治疗组在高脂饲喂同时予大柴胡汤制剂,并根据给药剂量分为低剂量组(1.5 g/10 m L)、中剂量组(3 g/10 m L)、高剂量组(6 g/10 m L)干预。每日观察大鼠的生存状态,分别在造模后10、20、30 d,测量体重并统计,并于实验后第30天取血测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平。结果:治疗组在高脂造模后第10、20、30天体重增加;治疗组与高血脂模型组对比,大柴胡汤的高、中、低剂量均能显著降低高血脂模型大鼠血清中TC、TG和LDL-C水平,作用效果呈剂量依赖关系。结论:大柴胡汤对高血脂模型大鼠具有较好的降血脂治疗作用,有望进一步应用于临床试验。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.