6—羟基多巴胺帕金森病大鼠模型的建立与评价

目的：探讨提高6－羟基多巴胺帕金森病大鼠模型成功率的方法，并从行为学、黑质多巴胺神经元形态学角度对模型进行评价。方法：取SD大鼠90只，将6－羟基多巴胺立体定向微量注射于左侧黑质区及黑质纹状体通路，观察大鼠的行为及黑质细胞形态学变化。结果：①90只大鼠中经阿朴吗啡诱导后有64只（占71．1％）恒定转向右侧脯结果稳定，旋转圈 ＞210r /30min，被认为是成功的帕金森病大鼠模型；②除旋转行为外，部分大鼠还出现震颤、活动迟缓、嗅探、觅食、竖尾等异常表现；③随机选取10只不同时期的成功帕金森病大鼠模型，免疫组化下观察发现注射侧黑质区多巴胺能神经元较对侧明显减少（P＜0．001），电镜观察发现大鼠中脑黑质神经细胞普遍存在变性坏死及不同阶段的凋亡改变。结论：用6－羟基多巴胺选择性损毁黑质多巴胺能神经元可较快建立稳定的成功率较高的类似于人类中晚期帕金 森病行为和病理的大鼠模型，但在病理和行为学等方面向帕金森病人仍有许多差异。     

6-羟基多巴胺帕金森病大鼠模型的建立与评价

目的 探讨提高6-羟基多巴胺帕金森病大鼠模型成功率的方法 ,并从行为学、黑质多巴胺神经元形态学角度对模型进行评价.方法 取SD大鼠90只,将6-羟基多巴胺立体定向微量注射于左侧黑质区及黑质纹状体通路,观察大鼠的行为及黑质细胞形态学变化.结果 ①90只大鼠中经阿朴吗啡诱导后有64只(占71.1%)恒定转向右侧且结果 稳定,旋转圈数>210r/30min,被认为是成功的帕金森病大鼠模型;②除旋转行为外,部分大鼠还出现震颤、活动迟缓、嗅探、觅食、竖尾等异常表现;③随机选取10只不同时期的成功帕金森病大鼠模型,免疫组化下观察发现注射侧黑质区多巴胺能神经元较对侧明显减少(P＜0.001),电镜观察发现大鼠中脑黑质神经细胞普遍存在变性坏死及不同阶段的凋亡样改变.结论 用6-羟基多巴胺选择性损毁黑质多巴胺能神经元可较快建立稳定的成功率较高的类似于人类中晚期帕金森病行为和病理的大鼠模型,但在病程和行为学等方面同帕金森病人仍有许多差异.     

大鼠帕金森氏病动物模型建立方法的改进

采用ＳＤ大鼠２０只，１５只为实验组、５只作为对照组，用微量注射器将６－羟基多巴８μｇ／μｌ分别注入大鼠右侧黑质致密部和中脑腹侧背盖区，观察大鼠行为变化及黑质和纹状体形态学改变。结果：注药４周后，实验且动物经阿朴吗啡诱发１４只出现旋转，超过７转／分为１２只（占８０％），经反复测试结果稳定；旋转鼠行ＮｉｓｓＩ染色发现右侧黑质致密部和中脑腹侧背盖区神经元数目明显减少；酪氨酸羟化酶免疫组织化学染色见右侧黑     

应用6-羟多巴胺建立鼠帕金森病动物模型的研究

目的：建立稳定的类似人类帕金森病病理改变的ＰＤ动物模型　。方法：于黑质致密部，黑质旁部及纹状体区等不同部位采用不同剂量神经毒素６－羟多巴胺注射，造成黑质多巴胺神经元不同程度损伤　。运用免疫组织化学方法，对各种不同程度损伤的帕金森病鼠黑质区和纹状体ＴＨ阳性神经元及神经纤维进行计数，并观察其与旋转行为，注射部位及剂量的关系。结果：（１）．　单侧黑质致密部６－羟多巴胺８μｇ注射，可以造成注射侧黑质区ＴＨ神经元９５％以上的缺失。（２）．　单侧黑质旁部６－羟多巴胺８μｇ注射，可以造成注射侧黑质区ＴＨ神经元７０％以上的缺失。（３）．　单侧纹状体区６－羟多巴胺三点注射，可造成注射侧黑质区ＴＨ神经元３０％～４０％的缺失　。结论：　６－羟多巴胺不同部位和不同剂量注射，可以建立模拟临床上不同病程时期ＰＤ动物模型，其症状稳定，为帕金森病的发病机制的研究，药物治疗及各种移植治疗提供了条件。     

转基因细胞脑内移植治疗巴金森病大鼠模型的实验研究

转基因细胞脑内移植治疗巴金森病大鼠模型的实验研究首都医科大学北京神经科学研究所张进禄，徐群渊，田竟生，杨慧，郑少鹏，刘玉军巴金森病是以黑质多巴胺能神经元变性减少为特征的。以６－羟多巴胺单侧损毁大鼠脑内多巴胺能系统可建立巴金森病的动物模型，通过检测给予...     

一种改良帕金森大鼠模型的制作

目的 建立一种改进的帕金森（PD）大鼠模型制作方法，并对模型进行综合评价。方法 选取Wistar大鼠60只，分别制作右侧中脑黑质致密部（SNc）和中脑内侧前脑束（MFB）两点6-OHDA毁损传统PD大鼠模型及中脑内侧前脑束（MFB）单点6-OHDA毁损改良PD大鼠模型；检测大鼠行为及黑质多巴胺（DA）能神经元变化。结果 改良组大鼠死亡率低于传统组和对照组，行为学检测和免疫组化检测与传统组差异无显著性（P〉0．05），与对照组比较注射侧黑质多巴胺能神经元显著减少（P〈0．01）。结论 本实验方法可快速简便地建立稳定的PD大鼠模型．     

帕金森病鼠的行为和免疫组化及脑微透析的研究

应用６－羟多巴胺（６－ＯＨＤＡ）损毁ＳＤ大鼠单侧黑质制备偏侧帕金森病（ＰＤ）鼠模型。３周后根据药物诱发试验，酪氨酸羟化酶（ＴＨ）免疫组化证实模型制作成功，并用脑微透析技术结合ＨＰＬＣ－ＥＣＤ在体检测ＰＤ鼠纹状体多巴胺及产谢产物含量。结果：８２只大鼠中有３６只阿朴吗啡诱发的旋转次数〉７ｒ／ｍｉｎ。６－ＯＨＤＡ注射侧黑质ＤＡ神经末梢已绝大多数波损毁，６－ＯＨＤＡ损毁侧纹状体多巴及代谢产物明显低于健侧９     

贝沙罗汀对帕金森大鼠黑质神经元凋亡及mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β通路的影响

目的 探讨贝沙罗汀对6-羟多巴胺诱导的帕金森大鼠黑质神经元凋亡及mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β通路的影响.方法 选取50只健康雄性SD大鼠,按随机数字表法分为假手术组,帕金森模型组,贝沙罗汀高、中、低剂量组(分别为100、50、25 mg/kg,1次/d,连续4周),每组10只.向帕金森模型组及贝沙罗汀高、中、低剂量组大鼠的右侧大脑纹状体注射6-羟多巴胺,建立帕金森大鼠模型;假手术组仅注射生理盐水.观察大鼠转圈数、速度和左前肢使用率;TUNEL染色法检测黑质神经元凋亡情况;免疫组化法检测黑质部位α-SYN的表达;Western blot检测黑质部位mTOR、p-mTOR(Ser2448)、AKT、p-AKT(Ser473)、GSK-3β和p-GSK-3β(Ser9)蛋白的表达.结果 与模型组相比,贝沙罗汀高、中、低剂量组旋转圈数、转速显著降低,左前肢使用率显著升高(P＜0.01),凋亡神经元数量显著减少(P＜0.01),黑质部位α-SYN的表达显著降低(P＜0.01),mTOR、p-mTOR、AKT、p-AKT、GSK-3β和p-GSK-3β的表达明显上调(P＜0.01).结论 贝沙罗汀对6-羟多巴胺诱导的帕金森大鼠的黑质神经元具有显著的抑制凋亡作用,其机制可能与激活mTOR/AKT/GSK-3β信号通路有关.     

雌激素对大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元保护作用的实验研究(摘要)

目的测定大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元数目和黑质听觉SG诱发电位,明确听觉SG与黑质多巴胺能神经元数目间的关系,证明雌激素对黑质多巴胺能神经元的保护作用·方法150只成年Sprague-Daw ley大鼠随机分为9组:(1)雌性正常对照组(F-INT);(2)去卵巢空白对照组(OVX);(3)去卵巢雌激素回补组(OVX-E2);(4)去卵巢帕金森模型组(OVX-PD);(5)去卵巢雌激素回补帕金森模型组(OVX-E2-PD);(6)雌鼠帕金森模型组(F-PD);(7)雄鼠下常对照组(M-INT组);(8)去睾丸空白对照组(CAST组);(9)雄鼠帕金森模型组(M-即组)·采用双声音刺激SG模式记录不同实验条件…     

胚中脑黑质移植入震颤麻痹模型大鼠脑内的实验研究

将6 - 羟基多巴胺(6 - OHDA) 分两点注入SD大鼠左侧中脑黑质内侧端,制成震颤麻痹模型,毁损后6 ～8 周,用胚龄14～16 天同种胚鼠中脑黑质细胞悬液植入模型鼠尾壳核。实验分正常对照组,模型对照组,单纯胚中脑黑质移植组(MS组) ,含层粘蛋白Laminin 胚中脑黑质移植组(LMS组) ,含雪旺氏细胞胚中脑黑质移植组(SMS组) 。于移植后2 ～4 个月分别测试旋转试验,MS组、LMS组及SMS组与模型组间均有显著差异(P< 0-01) 。动物经测试后处死。脑切片观察发现,损伤侧中脑黑质DA神经元95% 以上死亡,移植组织位于尾壳核背侧或突入侧脑室,LMS组移植区> SMS组移植区> MS组移植区。三个移植区均见TH、GABA 免疫阳性细胞,其形态及大小与正常对照侧中脑黑质所见相似。LMS组与SMS组多巴胺阳性细胞突起较MS组多且长。本实验证明中脑黑质移植物Laminin 与雪旺氏细胞均能促进DA能神经元突起生长。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.