创伤脓毒症患者外周血Th17/Treg平衡变化及临床意义

目的 探讨严重创伤患者外周血中Th17和调节性T细胞(Treg)比例变化及其临床意义. 方法 35例多发伤患者根据治疗期间是否发生脓毒症分为创伤组(22例)和脓毒症组(13例),选择9例健康志愿者设为对照组.采集外周血,流式细胞术检测Th17和Treg比例,实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测RORγt和FoxP3 mRNA表达,ELISA检测血清IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17A、IL-23、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,分析Th17/Treg比值变化及其临床意义. 结果 创伤组Th17比例与对照组差异无统计学意义,Th 17/Treg比值较对照组稍低(P＜0.05);而脓毒症组外周血Th17比例和Th17/Treg比值显著高于创伤组和对照组(P＜0.01).脓毒症组血清TGF-β、IL-6及IL-23含量均明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);脓毒症组与创伤组比较血清TGF-β含量差异无统计学意义,而血清IL-6、IL-23含量明显高于创伤组(P＜0.01);脓毒症组血清IL-17含量明显高于创伤组和对照组(P＜0.01).脓毒症组RORγt mRNA水平表达高于创伤组和对照组(P＜0.01). 结论 Th17/Treg失衡与创伤脓毒症的发生密切相关.     

严多发伤并发症的早期控制

Objective To analyze the efficacy of early management of eomplications in patients with multi-ple traumas by applying the damage control theory. Method All total of 116 patients admitted to Wuhan Tongji Hospital between Jan 2006 and Jan 2008 were included in this retrospective study and were classified according to treatment method. Overall, 55 cases underwent damage control operations and 61 cases underwent conventional management. The groups of patients were compared in terms of parameters such as length of operation time, time to resuscitate from shock, lethal triad of death (LTD), complications and treatment outcomes after operation. Results The length of operation time was (67.43±19.52) min, resuscitation time from shock was (6.77±3.16) h and LTD was (11.54±4.10) h in the damage control group, and (163.95±55.41) min, (22.51±11.65) h and (34.55±5.63) h, respectively, in the conventional group, with significant differences between the two groups (P< 0.01). The per capita complication and mortality rates were 227.27 % and 3.64 %, respectively, in the dam-age control group and 363.93 % and 9.84%, respectively, in the conventional group (P <0.05). Couclusions Here, we demonstrated that early management of patients with multiple traumas undergoing operations by apply-ing the damage control theory significantly decreased the operation time, and decreased time to resuscitation from shock and LTD. Furthermore, this approach significantly reduced the incidence of comphcations and the mortality rate of patients with severe multiple traumas.     

星形胶质细胞活化与脊髓损伤修复

脊髓损伤后星形胶质细胞活化并分泌多种细胞外基质共同组成的胶质瘢痕,是阻碍神经轴突再生的重要因素。星形胶质细胞活化与TGF-β、Rheb-mTOR等信号通路的激活密切相关,并受到细胞外基质中高分子量透明质酸抑制作用的影响。细胞周期调控是近年报道的抑制星形胶质细胞活化、促进轴突再生的重要手段,而降解星形胶质细胞活化后分泌的多种抑制性蛋白,尤其是硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖则早已受到关注。胶质瘢痕对于脊髓损伤的修复是一把双刃剑,因此干预星形胶质细胞活化的时机亦显得非常重要。     

负压封闭引流技术对兔外周血炎症因子的影响

目的 观察负压封闭引流技术(VSD)对兔创面模型外周血白细胞(WBC)计数、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量的影响.方法 建立兔创面模型并实施VSD手术(负压组),于7天内各时间点(6、12小时、1、3、5、7天)抽取静脉血,检测WBC计数、CRP含量、TNF-α和I...     

微创诊疗技术在创伤急救中的应用

随着医学观念的更新和医疗技术的发展,损害控制外科和微创技术已在创伤急救过程中逐步开展起来,显著提高了创伤急救的成功率.本文简要回顾损害控制外科的发展,并就新近在诊疗中出现的一些微创技术,例如超声、腔镜、介入、穿刺引流、生物力学固定等进行归纳和总结,同时对各种微创技术在创伤急救中的应用作一评述.     

强化精氨酸肠内营养对烧伤患者营养状况和细胞免疫的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of arginine enriched enteral nutrition (EN) on nu-tritional status and cellular immunity of severely burned patients. Methods Randomized, single blind, parallel and positive control investigation was employed in the study. Thirty severely burned patients were di-vided into enteral immune nutrition (EIN) group and EN group. Sixteen patients in EIN group received en-teral nutrition enriched with arginine, while the other 14 patients in EN group received standard enteral nu-trition. Nutritional support was continued for 14 days. Gastrointestinal reaction of patients in 2 groups was observed. Fasting venous blood was drawn from patients of both groups before receiving nutrition treatment and on the morning of 7th, 14th day of treatment. Level of serum protein, hepatic function parameters, renal function parameters, fasting-blood glucose, and subpopulations of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. Results (1) Incidence of gastrointestinal side effect in EIN group (25.0%) was close to that of EN group (21.4% , P>0.05). (2) Compared with pre-treatment days, levels of prealbumin and transferrin in serum of patients in 2 groups on 7th and 14th post-treatment days were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between 2 groups. The level of total serum protein on 14th day of treatment of patients was significantly increased in both groups, and that of EIN group (66±7 g/L)was significantly higher compared with that in EN group (64 ± 11 g/L, P<0.05). The level of serum albumin (29±5, 32±5 g/L, respectively) of patients in EIN group on 7th and 14th day of treat-ment were significantly higher than that (26±4 g/L, P <0.05) in pre-treatment days, however there was no significant difference in EN group. (3) There was no significant difference in respect of hepatic function, renal function, and fasting-blood glucose between pre-treatment and post-treatment periods in both groups (P>0.05). (4) The ratio of CD4+ , CD8+ on 14th day of treatment in EIN group was close to that of pre-treatment level. In EN group, cell percentage of CD4+ significantly decreased, while that of CD8+ significantly increased (P<0.05), and CD4+ was significantly higher [(56±8) %] in EIN group than that in EN group [(55±12) % , P <0.05]. In both groups, cell percentage of CD3+ was significantly higher than that in pre-treatment days (P<0.05), while there was no obvious change in CD4+/CD8+. Conclusions Arginine enriched enteral nutrition can effectively improve nutritional status and cellular immune function of burn patients.     

核糖核酸对创伤后早期肝功能损害的疗效观察

严重创伤尤其是多发伤,常常合并全身多脏器损害,其中肝功能损害比较常见,它不仅加重病情而且影响预后。笔者通过对肝功能指标的测定,对核糖核酸能否减轻创伤患者早期肝功能损害进行了对比观察,报告如下。 1 临床资料 1.1 一般资料 共30例患者,其中男19例,女11例,年龄15～63岁,平均36.7岁。交通事故受伤16例、坠落伤5     

严重创伤凝血功能障碍的监测与治疗

正常的凝血功能是由血管、血小板和血液的凝固性来完成的,三者相互联系,协同作用,保持血液在血管内不断的循环流动,预防出血和血栓的形成.严重创伤的患者,由于损伤重,常合并休克,极易继发一系列的生理功能紊乱,出现有效循环血容量减少,外周血管收缩,血流速度减慢,导致低体温、酸中毒,早期可出现凝血功能的紊乱和障碍,晚期则常发生弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC),并发MODS.这些难治性凝血紊乱成为创伤患者入院24 h内可预防性死亡的主要原因[1].     

以腹部损伤为主的多发伤的急诊处理应注意的问题

创伤是典型的"现代社会病",是国人45岁以下人群首位死亡原因〔1〕。随着社会经济的发展,各种高能量致伤因素导致的创伤逐渐增多,多发性创伤和创伤危重症的发生率越来越高。由于腹部损     

新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间严重创伤紧急手术与感染防护中国专家共识(2023版)

新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间, 严重创伤患者救治受到了一定影响和冲击。2020年2月12日, 《新冠肺炎疫情期间严重创伤紧急手术及感染防护专家共识》在线发布, 为新型冠状病毒感染疫情暴发早期严重创伤的紧急救治和医护人员防护提供了有力指导。根据疫情发展, 国务院联防联控机制综合组将疾病名称由"新型冠状病毒肺炎"更名为"新型冠状病毒感染", 决定自2023年1月8日起将新型冠状病毒感染纳入乙类传染病管理。因此, 2020版专家共识不再适用于疫情防控新阶段的严重创伤紧急救治。为确保新阶段严重创伤救治的时效性和安全性, 由中华医学会创伤学分会、中国医师协会创伤外科医师分会、中国医疗保健国际交流促进会创伤医学分会和《中华创伤杂志》编辑委员会共同牵头, 制订《新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间严重创伤紧急手术及感染防护中国专家共识(2023版)》。本共识以国务院联防联控机制方案为政策依据, 基于循证医学证据并结合Delphi法专家咨询投票, 从相关定义、感染防护、紧急手术和术后管理4个方面提出16条推荐意见, 为疫情防控新阶段严重创伤救治提供参考。