五峰宫颈癌高发区5929例妇女妇科疾病普查资料分析

目的:了解五峰地区妇女妇科疾病患病情况。方法:对五峰地区适龄妇女行问卷调查、常规妇科检查以及宫颈刮片行巴氏染色,并应用醋染碘染结合阴道镜进行宫颈癌筛查,必要时行妇科B超检查。结果:2006～2008年共对5 929名妇女进行普查,常见妇科疾病总患病率约27.55%,宫颈炎、宫颈柱状上皮异位、阴道炎、生殖道异常的患病率分别为15.70%,7.27%,12.21%及0.79%。不同年龄组间宫颈炎,宫颈柱状上皮异位及阴道炎患病率有显著(P<0.05),≥50岁年龄组阴道炎患病率较高(13.68%),≤39岁组宫颈炎及宫颈柱状上皮异位患病率分别为20.28%及11.70%,高于其他年龄组(P<0.05)。结论:妇科炎症是危害经济欠发达地区的主要疾病之一,且不同年龄间存在差异,针对不同年龄组妇女针对性开展普查,对减少妇科疾病、提高妇女健康是十分重要的。     

成分输血在产科弥散性血管内凝血中的应用

弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)起病急，变化快，病情凶险，过程短暂，是产科引起大出血和死亡的主要原因。其治疗常需要输血，以补充丢失的凝血因子和细胞成分。但输新鲜血治疗或预防凝血和止血障碍是不合理的。进行成分输血，尤其是输入高浓度、高纯度的血液成分制品，以补充在产科DIC损耗的血液成分是目前临床上推荐的治疗手段。现将在产科DIC过程中输注成分输血的种类介绍如下。     

机采血小板献血者的护理体会

2005年1月～2006年2月,我们对1466例无偿献血机采血小板者进行整体护理,减少了献血反应.现报告如下.     

中药抗乙型肝炎病毒研究进展

慢性乙型肝炎是严重危害我国人民身体健康的一种常见病、多发病,特别是垂直感染或吲产期感染者更是迁延难愈,大约25%患者最终发展为肝硬化和肝癌,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染是慢性乙型肝炎发病的一个重要因素,因此抗病毒治疗是治疗慢性乙型肝炎的一个重要手段.     

Primary screening for breast diseases among 17618 women in Wufeng area, a region with high incidence of cervical cancer in China

In this study, the current status for breast diseases in a region with high-incidence of cervical cancer were epidemiologically investigated. From March to August, 2009, 17618 women, from Wufeng area of Hubei province, China, were recruited to screen breast diseases by using breast infrared diagnostic apparatus. Other diagnostic methods, such as B-mode ultrasound, X-ray mam-mography, needle biopsy and pathological examination were, if necessary, used to further confirm the diagnosis. The screening showed that 5990 of 17618 cases (34.00%) had breast diseases, 5843 (33.16%) had mammary gland hyperplasia, 48 (0.27%) had breast fibroadenoma, 11 (0.06%) had breast carcinoma, and 88 (0.50%) had other breast diseases. The peak morbidity of breast cancer was found in the women aged 50-60 ages. The morbidity of breast cancer was significantly increased in women elder than or equal to 50 years old (n=8, 0.157%) in comparison with that in the subjects younger than 50 years old (n=3, 0.024%) (u=2.327, P<0.05). It was shown that the occurrence of breast diseases was concentrated in women aged 20-40 years, while the total morbidity reached its peak at the age of 30 years and then decreased sharply after age of 40. Compared with the patients elder than or equal to 40 years old (n=3289, 27.46%), the morbidity rate of breast diseases was sig-nificantly increased in women less than 40 years old (2648 cases, 47.18%; P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the morbidity of breast diseases between the age group of 20-29 years and that of 30-39 years (P=0.453), and both of them were high. There was no significant asso-ciation between the morbidity of breast diseases and cervical cancer. Since the morbidity of breast diseases was higher among young women, more attention should be paid to the screening of breast diseases among young women for early diagnosis.     

大黄虫丸联合阿德福韦酯预防乙型肝炎肝硬化继发脾亢脾栓后复发效果观察

目的观察阿德福韦酯联合大黄虫丸预防乙型肝炎肝硬化继发脾功能亢进（脾亢）脾栓后脾亢复发的效果。方法 61例乙型肝炎肝硬化并脾亢患者行脾部分栓塞术治疗后,随机分为2组：治疗组31例,口服阿德福韦酯10 mg/d、大黄虫丸3 g/d,疗程2 a;对照组30例行常规护肝等对症治疗。观察2组患者血小板、白细胞变化情况。结果治疗组2例脾亢复发,对照组6例复发,2组复发率比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论阿德福韦酯联合大黄虫丸可有效预防乙型肝炎肝硬化继发脾亢脾栓后脾亢复发。     

单采白细胞联合VPMA方案治疗高白细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病临床分析

目的:评价单采白细胞联合VPMA方案治疗高白细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病疗效。方法:采用血细胞分离机单采白细胞,联合VPMA方案治疗高白细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病,计数分离出的白细胞和原始幼稚细胞,观察其近期疗效、1a无病生存率、中位生存率等。结果:2 6例高白细胞白血病患者经1次～4次白细胞单采后,白细胞中位数由14 8.6×10 9/ L下降至32×10 9/ L ,分离出的白细胞中位数为14 .3×10 9/ L (8.0×10 9/ L～31.3×10 9/ L )。治疗组2 6例患者化疗后初次完全缓解(CR) 15例,部分缓解(PR) 4例,有效率(CR+PR) 73.1% ,未缓解(NC) 5例,死亡2例。对照组2 4例患者化疗后初次完全缓解(CR) 9例,部分缓解(PR) 4例,有效率(CR+PR) 5 9.1% ,未缓解(NC) 5例,死亡6例。结论:采用单采白细胞联合VPMA方案,治疗高白细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病,既降低了早期死亡率,又提高了完全缓解率。     

脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的康复护理体会

吞咽障碍是脑卒中常见并发症之一,其发生率为51%～73%[1].吞咽障碍不仅影响营养和水分的摄入,还会引起吸人性肺炎,甚至窒息.传统医学多以针刺治疗为主,现代医学则以康复训练为主[2].本文总结2007年3月～2008年6月我科对86例脑卒中伴吞咽障碍患者进行康复训练,现将护理体会报告如下:     

双歧杆菌四联活菌素片联合白术芍药散加味治疗肠易激综合征62例

[目的]观察双歧杆菌四联活菌素片联合白术芍药散加味治疗肠易激综合征(IBS)的疗效。[方法]IBS患者121例,随机分为2组,治疗组62例,予双歧杆菌四联活菌素片口服,每次3片,每日3次;白术芍药散加味每日1剂(60ml)。对照组59例,单用双歧杆菌四联活菌素片,每次3片,每日3次,治疗2、4周后,2组进行疗效比较。[结果]治疗2周后,治疗组总有效率85.5%,对照组78.0%(P0.05);治疗4周后,治疗组总有效率98.4%,对照组86.4%(P0.01),2组患者均未发现明显的不良反应。[结论]双歧杆菌四联活菌素片联合白术芍药散加味治疗IBS有较好的疗效,值得临床应用。     

中国五峰宫颈癌高发区妇女肿瘤防治知识调查

目的:了解宫颈癌高发区湖北省五峰自治县妇女肿瘤防治知识知晓情况。方法:采用随机抽样方法于2006～2008年对五峰县3个乡镇妇女肿瘤防治知识进行现场"一对一"问卷调查,共获得有效问卷5 936份。结果:被调查对象对我国妇女主要肿瘤及其症状知晓率较高;初中以上文化程度,年收入>3 500元,有肿瘤家族史的调查对象肿瘤防治知识知晓率高于对照组(P<0.05),不同年龄组间知晓率存在差异(P<0.05)。结论:湖北五峰县宫颈癌防治工作提高了当地妇女对肿瘤防治知识的认知,但仍需加大对低学历,低收入,无肿瘤家族史,高龄人群的宣传力度。