一种改进的酵母多糖所致多器官衰竭实验模型

随着多器官衰竭(MOF)研究的不断深入,复制MOF实验模型的问题日益受到人们的重视。本文参照并改进Goris法重新设计制做出MOF模型。选取雄性Wistar大鼠100只,体重200～300g。实验组60只,包括1日、2日及4～5日3个时相组,各20只;石蜡对     

内生性白细胞介素-12增强小鼠对大肠埃希菌的早期免疫反应

白细胞介素-12是由p35和p40亚单位组成的致炎细胞因子异二聚体。为确定其在腹腔脓毒症中的作用，挪威研究人员将大肠埃希菌(E．coli)分别注入基因剔除小鼠和野生小鼠的腹腔。发现腹膜炎的严重程度与细菌浓度呈剂量依赖关系，表现为腹腔液和血浆中的IL-12p40和IL-12p35的浓度显著升高。而在感染后6h其含量在两组小鼠中差异无显著性，但20h后，p35基因剔除小鼠肝组织匀浆检测发现细菌明显增加，     

穿过下颌舌骨肌舌下腺疝形成

口底主要由下颌舌骨肌隔膜构成,其下面由二腹肌前腹加强。多数解剖书和口腔外科专著都给人下颌舌骨肌隔膜形成了口腔完整的底的印象然而这一概念于事实不符。在我们几百次解剖之中,经常遇到下颌舌骨肌肌纤维囊不完整的例子,有的舌下腺穿过开口形成疝而引起我们的注意。尽管比较常见,这种情形在解剖学手册中只浅略提到、解剖学文献很少描述、口腔病理学中则被忽略。这方面的知识对诊断及外科应用可能有实际重要性。     

婴儿金黄色葡萄球菌性颌面部间隙感染并发感染性休克死亡病例报告

随着人民生活及医疗卫生条件的改善,特别是有效抗菌素应用,婴幼儿颌面部腺源性间隙感染的发病,较之五十年代有下降趋势,但金黄色葡萄球菌所致的颌面部间隙感染,因细菌毒力强,且对临床常用的青霉素不敏感,以及婴儿免疫系统发育不完善等原因,致使病情发展迅猛,表现全身严重中毒症状,病情不能及时控制而并发感染性休克导致死亡。最近我们     

兴奋胆碱能抗炎通路干预炎症与缺血引起的器官损害

胆碱能抗炎通路是指中枢神经系统通过胆碱能神经及其递质调节或对抗全身炎症反应的通路。其抗炎机制是通过兴奋胆碱能N受体α7亚基(α7nAChR)、阻断核因子-κB(NF—κB)途径活化,进而抑制促炎细胞因子/趋化因子的产生和释放,阻止T细胞的分化和成熟以及抑制中性粒细胞和单个核     

口服补液对烧伤休克犬肺组织含水量和血管通透性的影响

Objective To investigate the effect of oral fluid resuscitation on pulmonary vascular per-meability and lung water content in burn dogs during shock stage. Methods Eighteen male Beagle dogs with catheterization of carotid artery and jugular vein for 24 hours were subjected to 50% TBSA full-thickness burn, then they were divided into non-fluid resuscitation(NR), oral fluid resuscitation (OR), intravenous fluid resuscitation (IR) groups, with 6 dogs in each group. Dogs in OR and IR groups were given glucose-electrolyte solution (GES) by gastric tube or intravenous infusion according to Parkland formula within 24 hours after burn, while those in NR group were not given any treatment. Dogs in each group were then given intravenous fluid for further resuscitation after 24 post burn hours(PBH). Deaths were recorded within 72 hours after burn. Mean arterial pressure(MAP) , respiratory rate (RR) , PaO2, extravascular lung water in-dex (ELWI) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PYPI) were determined before burn and at 30 mins and 4, 8, 24, 48, 72 PBH with the aid of PICCO. Dogs were sacrificed to collect lung tissue for deter-mination of water content at 72 PBH or just before death. Results All dogs died during 9-22 PBH in NR group, 3 dogs died during 25-47 PBH in OR group, and all dogs survived within 72 PBH in IR groups. Com-pared with those before burn, RR (44.0±5.0) times/min, ELWI (10.3±0.6) mL/kg and PVPI (6.6± 0.6) were markedly increased in NR group at 8 PBH, but PaO2 and MAP were obviously decreased (P<0.05). In OR group, RR (33.0±4.0) times/min, ELWI (8.9±0.3) mL/kg and PVPI (5.7±0.4) were significantly lower than those of NR group (P<0.05) , but higher than those of IR group [ RR (26.0± 3.0) times/min, ELWI (8.2±0.3) mL/kg, PVPI (4.2±0.4), P <0.05] at 8 PBH. PaO2 and MAP in OR group were higher than that in NR group (P<0.05). Lung water content showed no statistically signifi-cant difference between OR ang IR groups (P>0.05), which were lower than that in NR group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Although the protective effect of oral fluid resuscitation with GES on the lung of burn dog at shock stage was inferior to intravenous fluid, it still can decrease pulmonary vascular permeabili-ty, alleviate pulmonary edema, and reduce pulmonary complication compared with no resuscitation with fluids.     

全身炎症反应综合征评分能独立预警多发伤患者的感染发生

全身炎症反应综合征评分 (SIRS评分 )已证明是判断外科危重患者预后的指标 ,但它是否能预警创伤患者的感染一直存在着争议。最近美国的一项多中心研究报告表明 ,多发创伤患者入院时进行 SIRS评分确能预警感染发生。研究者在 18个月中 ,共观察了创伤中心收治的 4887例多发伤患者 ,根据年龄和创伤严重程度评分 (ISS)进行分组。住院后每位患者感染的危险性先由一位感染病专家筛选后 ,然后对感染的高危患者每日进行各项感染指标的检测 ,采用美国感染学会公认的感染诊断标准进行诊断。研究结果显示 ,4887例创伤患者中共有 185 0例 (38% )发…     

延迟复苏对烫伤大鼠小肠上皮细胞凋亡及相关基因表达的影响

目的：探讨延迟复苏对烫伤大鼠肠粘膜上皮细胞凋亡百分率（ap%）及凋亡相关基因表达的影响。方法：Wistar大鼠30只，随机分为立即复苏组（ER）和延迟复苏组（DR）；30％体表面积Ⅲ度烫伤，采用DNA片段百分率测定、电泳和RT-PCR 观察伤后小肠粘膜上皮细胞ap%和ICE、bcl-2基因表达。结果：大鼠烫伤后小肠上皮ap%显著高于伤前（P＜0.01）；DR组肠上皮ap%显著高于ER组（P＜0.05-0.01）。DNA电泳可见明确梯形条带。烫伤后肠上此ICE基因表达明显增强，DR组ICE基因表达显著高于ER组（P＜0.01）。Bcl-2基因伤前在肠粘膜不表达，伤后极弱表达，两组比较无显著性差异。结论：烫伤延迟得苏后小肠上皮凋亡显著增加；促凋亡基因ICE和抑凋亡基因bcl-2的表达失衡可能是其凋亡剧增的重要原因之一。     

电针“足三里”对大白鼠胃酸分泌的影响

针刺足三里能调整胃酸分泌、增加正常人胃酸排出量。实验进一步探讨其机理在于:去除迷走神经支配并不影响针刺对胃酸分泌的调整作用,电针可能引走大鼠内啡肽含量增多而使胃酸排出量增加;鉴于吗啡受体阻滞剂纳洛酮不能全部阻断针刺升高胃酸分泌量的效应,电针过程中影响胃酸分泌量的因素除内啡肽外可能还有其他脑肠肽。     

30例大面积烧伤患者眼底变化的临床观察

目的观察大面积烧伤病人早期眼底变化。探讨它与临床关系。方法眼底检查结果发现多数大面积烧伤病人早期眼底有明显病理改变。结论通过30例大面积伤病人早期眼底变化的观察，发现眼底病理变化与烧伤休克复苏及预后有一定的内在联系．具有临床意义。