甲状旁腺CT三维重组对难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的术前诊断意义和生化相关性研究

目的：探讨甲状旁腺CT三维重组在难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症( SHPT)术前诊断与评价中的应用价值,并分析增生甲状旁腺的体积与主要生化指标的相关性。方法48例确诊SHPT患者术前行甲状旁腺CT三维重组,将检查结果与术后病理对照研究,分析两者的一致性和CT检查的检出率,并研究增生甲状旁腺的体积与血磷及甲状旁腺激素( PTH)的相关关系。结果 CT三维重组对增生甲状旁腺的检出阳性率为92．9%(172/185),甲状腺双侧叶后方检出率差异无统计学意义;CT测得的增生甲状旁腺体积与术前血磷及PTH值均呈明显正相关性。结论 CT三维重组对难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症患者的增生甲状旁腺有很高的检出率,能清晰显示病灶的解剖位置以及与相邻结构的关系,结合相关生化检查能较好的反映患者病情的严重程度,对临床术前诊断和评价增生甲状旁腺具有很高的指导意义。     

降低急诊生化检测不及时率

目的 合理优化急诊组岗位设置,降低急诊生化检测不及时率.方法 成立解放军总医院生化科急诊组品管圈“微笑圈”,回顾性分析急诊生化标本周转时间(turnaround time,TAT)时间,分析2小时内检测及时率不能达100％的主要原因,计算目标值,制定对策并实施.结果 分析表明2小时急诊生化检测不及时的主要原因为标本送检过于集中、复查样本延迟、审核速度相对较慢、夜班人员业务流程不规范.执行相应改善措施后,急诊生化检测不及时率降低了12.02％,并有2天的及时率＞95％,达到医院业务指南标准.结论 品管圈模式有效地降低了急诊生化检测的不及时率.     

Destabilisation of dimeric 14-3-3 proteins as a novel approach to anti-cancer therapeutics

14-3-3 proteins play a pivotal role in controlling cell proliferation and survival, two commonly dysregulated hallmarks of cancers. 14-3-3 protein expression is enhanced in many human cancers and correlates with more aggressive tumors and poor prognosis, suggesting a role for 14-3-3 proteins in tumorigenesis and/or progression. We showed previously that the dimeric state of 14-3-3 proteins is regulated by the lipid sphingosine, a physiological inducer of apoptosis. As the functions of 14-3-3 proteins are dependent on their dimeric state, this sphingosine-mediated 14-3-3 regulation provides a possible means to target dimeric 14-3-3 for therapeutic effect. However, sphingosine mimics are needed that are not susceptible to sphingolipid metabolism. We show here the identification and optimization of sphingosine mimetics that render dimeric 14-3-3 susceptible to phosphorylation at a site buried in the dimer interface and induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Two such compounds, RB-011 and RB-012, disrupt 14-3-3 dimers at low micromolar concentrations and induce rapid down-regulation of Raf-MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling in Jurkat cells. Importantly, both RB-011 and RB-012 induce apoptosis of human A549 lung cancer cells and RB-012, through disruption of MAPK signaling, reduces xenograft growth in mice. Thus, these compounds provide proof-of-principle for this novel 14-3-3-targeting approach for anti-cancer drug discovery.     

提高中医药院校生物化学教学质量有效途径的探索

生物化学是高等医药学院校各类专业必不可少的基础课,中医药的继承与创新同样不可忽视生物化学理论和技术。为此,结合教学实践及中医药院校的实际情况,从提高教师业务水平、改进教学方法、合理增补教材内容、改革考核评价机制以及增加激励机制等方面就提高中医药院校生物化学教学质量做了简要探索。     

颗粒增强透射比浊法测定胱抑素C方法学评价

目的用颗粒增强透射比浊法(PETIA)测定血清中胱抑素C(CysC)水平,评价该法用于检测血清中CysC水平的可行性。方法用PETIA检测试剂盒在Cobas 8000全自动生化分析仪上测定血清CysC水平,对方法的不精密度、灵敏度、线性范围等进行评价,并与CysC颗粒增强散射比浊法检测结果进行相关性分析,同时对其参考区间进行验证。结果低值样本和高值样本的批内不精密度CV分别为3.67%,1.15%,批间不精密度CV分别为4.08%,1.53%;准确度的测定偏差仅为-1.25%;此试剂盒检测CysC灵敏度为0.07mg/L;CysC浓度在0.2~8.0mg/L范围内检测线性良好;与西门子德灵颗粒增强散射比浊法(PENIA)比较有良好的相关性Y=0.945 8 X+0.048 6,r2=0.991 3,r=0.995 6,40例健康体检者样本的检测值仅有2例在厂家提供的参考区间之外,90%以上的观测值在待验证区间之内。结论颗粒增强透射比浊法用于定量检测人血清CysC水平,具有简便易行、快捷价廉、准确可靠的优点,适用于在日常临床检测中推广应用。     

探讨血液检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的临床意义

目的：探讨血液检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的临床意义。方法：将我院的52例巨幼细胞性贫血患者作为研究对象，根据操作规范及流程，对所有患者进行外周血和血液生化检查。结果：所有患者的外周血血红蛋白、血小板和白细胞水平均有明显变化；经生化检验，发现23例血清铁含量值小于正常值，并且总铁结合力高于正常值。有15例叶酸含量值低于正常值，8例VB12值在正常水平之下。结论：在贫血的临床诊断、鉴别中，应当实施综合性血液检验，提升临床诊断的准确率。     

生物化学与分子生物学融合智慧教学的翻转课堂探索

生物化学与分子生物学是医学院校学生理论学习与临床实践相结合的重要桥梁。文章针对智慧教学环境下生物化学与分子生物学教学模式进行探讨,在传统教学模式的基础上,将智慧教学融入翻转课堂,通过信息化教学,有效整合课前-课中-课后教学全过程,以实现学生自主学习,激发学生的学习兴趣,增强学生对知识的理解和巩固,提升学生的学习成效。     

PapA1 and PapA2 are acyltransferases essential for the biosynthesis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence factor sulfolipid-1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces numerous exotic lipids that have been implicated as virulence determinants. One such glycolipid, Sulfolipid-1 (SL-1), consists of a trehalose-2-sulfate (T2S) core acylated with four lipid moieties. A diacylated intermediate in SL-1 biosynthesis, SL(1278), has been shown to activate the adaptive immune response in human patients. Although several proteins involved in SL-1 biosynthesis have been identified, the enzymes that acylate the T2S core to form SL(1278) and SL-1, and the biosynthetic order of these acylation reactions, are unknown. Here we demonstrate that PapA2 and PapA1 are responsible for the sequential acylation of T2S to form SL(1278) and are essential for SL-1 biosynthesis. In vitro, recombinant PapA2 converts T2S to 2'-palmitoyl T2S, and PapA1 further elaborates this newly identified SL-1 intermediate to an analog of SL(1278). Disruption of papA2 and papA1 in M. tuberculosis confirmed their essential role in SL-1 biosynthesis and their order of action. Finally, the Delta papA2 and Delta papA1 mutants were screened for virulence defects in a mouse model of infection. The loss of SL-1 (and SL(1278)) did not appear to affect bacterial replication or trafficking, suggesting that the functions of SL-1 are specific to human infection.