微小RNA-132转染对体内外肝癌生长和凋亡的作用

目的 观察转染微小RNA-132(miR-132)对体内外人肝癌细胞株MHCC97H生长和凋亡的影响,初步探讨其作用机制。方法 采用实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测45例肝癌组织及癌旁正常组织中miR-132的表达,CCK-8法、流式细胞术、裸鼠体内成瘤实验和TUNEL实验检验转染miR-132后对体内外MHCC97H细胞生长和凋亡的作用,Western blot法检测体外MHCC97H细胞中p-AKT、Survivin和Caspase 3蛋白的表达,免疫组织化学法检测体内肿瘤组织中Ki-67、Survivin和Caspase 3的表达。结果 miR-132在肝癌组织中的表达明显低于癌旁正常组织(P＜0.05)。在体外实验中,与空白对照组和阴性对照组相比,转染组细胞中miR-132的表达明显升高,细胞増殖明显被抑制,G₀/G₁期细胞比例明显上升,S期细胞比例明显下降,凋亡细胞显著增加(P均＜0.05)。转染组细胞中Survivin和p-AKT的表达下调,Caspase 3的表达上调,与空白对照组和阴性对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05)。在体内实验中,转染组裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长明显被抑制,凋亡肿瘤细胞明显增加,Survivin和Ki-67蛋白表达下调,而Caspase 3表达增加(P均＜0.05)。结论 转染miR-132对体内外肝癌细胞有增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用,miR-132有望成为肝癌治疗的新靶点。     

微小RNA-320a通过靶向FoxM1调控肝癌细胞迁移

目的：探讨微小RNA-320a (miR-320a)在肝癌细胞中对癌基因FoxM1的靶向调控作用以及对肝癌细胞迁移能力的影响,为肝癌治疗提供新的靶点。方法通过信息学工具网站http：//www.microRNA.org找到可能靶向调控FoxM1表达的微小RNA;利用蛋白印记和双荧光素酶报告基因试验验证miR-320a对FoxM1的调控作用;采用Transwell小室分析miR-320a和FoxM1对肝癌细胞迁移的影响。结果信息学分析表明,miR-320a在FoxM1的3'端非翻译区存在2个潜在结合位点。蛋白印迹实验显示miR-320a降低FoxM1在肝癌细胞中的蛋白水平,双荧光素酶报告基因试验显示miR-320a可以调控FoxM1表达。miR-320a类似物对FoxM1表达有下调作用（P<0.01）,miR-320a抑制物对FoxM1表达有上调作用（P<0.05）。Transwell试验表明miR-320a类似物可抑制肝癌细胞株Huh7、HCC-LM3的迁移能力,miR-320a抑制物可增加Huh7、HCC-LM3的迁移能力。当使用小干扰RNA下调FoxM1在这些细胞株中的表达后,miR-320a类似物和miR-320a抑制物对肝癌细胞迁移能力的调控作用明显减弱。结论 miR-320a有抑制肝癌细胞迁移的作用,这种抑制作用是通过靶向调控癌基因FoxM1来实现的。     

Down-regulation of microRNA-126 and microRNA-133b acts as novel predictor biomarkers in progression and metastasis of non small cell lung cancer

Objective: MiRNAs play crucial roles in progression of cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of miRNAs in non small cell lung cancer are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level of microRNA-126 (miR-126) and microRNA-133b (miR-133b) and also their association with clinicopathological features in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Total RNA was purified from NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues and then quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression rate of microRNAs. Furthermore, the association of miR-126 and miR-133b level with clinicopathological features and prognosis were evaluated. Results: Our findings showed that expression of miR-126 was decreased in NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. On the other hand, a lower expression of miR-133b was seen in NSCLC tissues when compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. In term of miR-126, our results showed that miR-126 was associated with tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05). In term of miR-133b, our finding indicated that decreased expression of miR-133b was correlated with advanced tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test indicated that patients with low expression of miR-126 and miR-133b had a shorter overall survival (log-rank test; P<0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that low expression of miR-126 and miR-133b, advanced tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis were independent prognostic factors for overall survival of NSCLC patients. Conclusions: These findings suggested that miR-126 and miR-133b might play a key role in the progression and metastasis of NSCLC and would be applied as a novel therapeutic agent.     

The occurrence of cervical cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is correlated to microRNA-146a and ethnic factor

Aims: The present study is to investigate the effect of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) and ethnic factor in the occurrence of cervical cancer in Uygur women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods: A total of 620 pieces of cervical tissues were obtained between September 2010 and September 2013, including 208 cases of cervicitis, 207 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and 205 cases of cervical cancer. The relative expression of miR-146a in tissues was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine the genotypes of miR-146a (rs2910164). Differences between two groups and multiple groups were compared using t-test and one-factor analysis of variance, respectively. Comparison of genotype compositions and genetic balance examinations were performed using χ² test. Results: Uygur women had earlier age of marriage, more times of pregnancy, and more childbirths than Han women. The miR-146a (rs2910164) genotype composition was significantly different between Uygur and Han, with the ratio of GG genotype in Uygur being higher than that in Han. Logistic regression analysis showed that miR-146a (rs2910164) genotypes were significantly correlated to ethnic factor and tumor sizes. The expression of miR-146a was elevated in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, especially for Uygur women, with the GG genotype being the most highly expressed. Conclusions: The miR-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism is significantly correlated to ethnic factor and tumor diameters. miR-146a has differential expression in cervical tissues. Allele G of miR-146a (rs2910164) is related to the high expression of miR-146a, and the progression of cervical cancer.     

Involvement of epigenetics and microRNA-29b in the urethane induced inception and establishment of mouse lung tumors

Epigenetic changes are correlated with tumor development showing aberrations in DNA methylation and histone modifications. To find the early changes, we evaluated the epigenetic events from early to late stage of the urethane induced lung tumor development in mouse model and tried to correlate the molecular events with the progression of tumor. We addressed the hypothesis by examining the tumor development, status of DNMTs, HDACs and MBDs, DNA methylation and expression of microRNA-29b during 1 to 36 weeks after urethane exposure that included the period before and after the tumor appearance. Tumors did not appear after 1 or 4 weeks but well defined tumors appeared after 12 weeks and larger tumors appeared at 36 weeks which was prevented by IP6. DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b were upregulated after urethane exposure at the time of no tumor till the tumor developed and showed its upregulated functional activity. DNMTs are shown to be the targets of microRNA-29b and we showed that microRNA-29b was downregulated in the line of DNMT upregulation. HDAC, the histone modifier, also showed progressive upregulation. Periodic increase in methyl binding proteins, MBD2, supported the expression of gene silencing pathways in terms of the downregulation of tumor suppressor genes, p16 and MLH1. All these molecular alterations were protected in the presence of IP6. Our results showed that the key steps of epigenetics, DNMTs, mir29b, and HDAC1, are altered both before and after the development of tumors.     

MicroRNA-93及Tspan1在结肠癌中的表达及其临床病理意义*

目的 探讨microRNA-93（miR-93）及Tspan1在结肠癌组织及细胞中的表达及其临床病理意义,预测两者的靶向调控关系。方法 选取手术切除结肠癌组织及对应癌旁组织74例,人结肠癌细胞株（SW480、SW620、HCT116、CaCo-2、LoVo、HT29）及正常人结肠上皮细胞株（FHC）,分别采用qRT-PCR及Western blotting检测miR-93、Tspan1 mRNA及Tspan1蛋白表达,观察两者在不同临床病理特征患者的表达差异,Pearson法分析miR-93与Tspan1 mRNA的相关性,采用TargetScan及GeneCard软件预测两者的靶向调控关系。结果 与癌旁组织比较,miR-93在结肠癌组织中表达降低（P?<0.05）,Tspan1 mRNA及蛋白在结肠癌组织中表达升高（P?<0.05）;与正常人结肠上皮细胞比较,miR-93在结肠癌细胞株中表达降低（P?<0.05）,Tspan1 mRNA及蛋白在结肠癌细胞株中表达升高（P?<0.05）;miR-93在远处转移、淋巴结转移阳性、血管浸润阳性及高TNM分期患者中低表达（P?<0.05）,Tspan1 mRNA在远处转移、淋巴结转移阳性、血管浸润阳性及高TNM分期患者中高表达（P?<0.05）。Pearson法相关性分析显示,miR-93与Tspan1 mRNA表达呈负相关[r?=-0.735（95% CI：-0.855,-0.535）,P?=0.000]。生物信息学预测,miR-93及Tspan1在3''-UTR区可能具有靶向调控关系。结论 miR-93在结肠癌中低表达,Tspan1在结肠癌中高表达,miR-93及Tspan1具有靶向调控关系,两者可能成为结肠癌的肿瘤标志物或预测因子。     

微小RNA-103及RNA-107表达与120例脓毒症患者临床特征及预后的关联分析

目的 评估血浆微小RNA-103(miR-103)和RNA-107(miR-107)对脓毒症患病死亡风险的预判,并探讨其与脓毒症患者疾病严重程度及预后有关联的因素。 方法 选取2016年1月至2019年6月接受治疗的脓毒症患者120例(脓毒症组),入院24 h之内收集血液样本;选取同期健康对照者120例(健康对照组),入组时收集血液样本,并分离血液样本中血浆。采用反转录-荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测所有受试者血浆miR-103和miR-107的表达水平。采用酶联免疫吸附试剂盒检测脓毒症组血浆中某些炎症因子的表达水平。收集脓毒症组临床指标并计算其28 d死亡率。采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)对临床辅助诊断的预判分析,采用Coxs回归模型分析脓毒血症死亡的关联因素。 结果 miR-103和miR-107在脓毒症组表达水平相比健康对照组均降低,且可作为脓毒症临床诊断的辅助指标,其曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.893(95%CI:0.854~0.933)及0.941(95%CI:0.913~0.968)。脓毒症组miR-103和miR-107表达水平与急性生理和慢性健康状态II评分、序贯器官功能衰竭评分、血清肌酐、C-反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素-1β、白介素-6及白介素-8均呈负相关,与白蛋白呈正相关。此外,miR-103和miR-107在脓毒症死亡患者中表达水平较脓毒症存活患者降低。多元Coxs回归分析结果显示,miR-103表达是预测脓毒症组28 d死亡率的独立因素。 结论 miR-103和miR-107低表达与脓毒症相关,并与脓毒症患者疾病严重程度及28 d死亡率相关。     

血清mir-34a和Sirt1水平与老年脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的关系

目的 分析血清microRNA-34a（mir-34a）、沉默信息调节因子1（Sirt1）水平与老年脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的关系。方法 选取2018年2月~2019年2月内江市第一人民医院收治的102例老年脑梗死患者作为脑梗死组,另选取同期入院体检的50例健康者作为对照组。均行颈动脉超声检查,分为斑块形成组及斑块未形成组（其中又分为不稳定斑块组和稳定斑块组）,并检测各组血清mir-34a、Sirt1水平。结果 脑梗死组血清mir-34a水平显著高于对照组,血清Sirt1水平显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;斑块形成组血清mir-34a水平显著高于斑块未形成组,血清Sirt1水平显著低于斑块未形成组（P＜0.05）;血清mir-34a水平预测斑块形成的AUC值为0.913,敏感度及特异度为82.90%、85.70%;血清Sirt1水平预测斑块形成的AUC值为0.874,敏感度及特异度为71.40%、91.50%;不稳定斑块组血清mir-34a水平显著高于稳定斑块组,血清Sirt1水平显著低于稳定斑块组（P＜0.05）;血清mir-34a水平预测斑块稳定性的AUC值为0.767,敏感度及特异度为51.00%、90.90%;血清Sirt1水平预测斑块稳定性的AUC值为0.756,敏感度及特异度为57.60%、87.80%。结论 血清mir-34a、Sirt1水平异常与脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成及其稳定性密切相关,可将其作为脑梗死的预警指标。     

miR-200c-3p靶向CCNE2抑制肾母细胞瘤细胞增殖

目的 预测和验证miR-200c-3p的靶基因并探讨其对肾母细胞瘤增殖的抑制作用。方法 应用生物信息学软件对miR-200c-3p在肾母细胞瘤中的靶基因进行预测,建立SK-NEP-1及G401的miR-200c-3p过表达及抑制表达的稳定细胞系。实验设未转染组（Blank）、模拟物阴性对照组（mimic NC）、miR-200c-3p模拟物组（miR-200c-3p mimic）、抑制剂阴性对照组（inhibitor NC）及miR-200c-3p抑制剂组（miR-200c-3p inhibitor）。采用 RT-PCR及Western blot方法检测CCNE2在SK-NEP-1及G401不同组中的表达水平,荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-200c-3p 和CCNE2的靶向关系,细胞计数盒（CCK-8）和软琼脂克隆形成实验检测miR-200c-3p对SK-NEP-1及G401细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果 生物信息学方法预测CCNE2为miR-200c-3p的靶基因之一。RT-PCR实验结果示肾母细胞瘤细胞中miR-200c-3p模拟物组的CCNE2的表达水平低于模拟物阴性对照组（P<0.05）;荧光素酶报告基因检测证实CCNE2是miR-200c-3p的靶基因（P<0.01）。Western blot示在肾母细胞瘤细胞中miR-200c-3p模拟物组的CCNE2蛋白的表达水平低于模拟物阴性对照组（P<0.05）;CCK-8和软琼脂克隆形成实验证实miR-200c-3p对肾母细胞瘤细胞的增殖能力有明显抑制作用（P<0.01）;而miR-200c-3p抑制剂组结果相反。结论 miR-200c-3p通过靶基因 CCNE2抑制肾母细胞瘤细胞的增殖。     

miR-126与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

微小核糖核酸(microRNAs,miRNA)是一类内源性高度保守的非编码小分子RNA,其可通过降解信使RNA并抑制其翻译在转录水平调控靶基因的表达,参与细胞生长、发育、分化和增殖等多个生命过程。MicroRNAs-126(miR-126)是一种内皮特异性miRNA,与高血压、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心力衰竭等心血管疾病密切相关。近期研究表明,miR-126能显著影响心血管疾病的发生、发展和疾病的预后。本文就miR-126与心血管疾病的关系进行综述。