Genome-wide scan identified QTLs underlying femoral neck cross-sectional geometry that are novel studied risk factors of osteoporosis.

A genome-wide screen was conducted using a large white sample to identify QTLs for FNCS geometry. We found significant linkage of FNCS parameters to 20q12 and Xq25, plus significant epistatic interactions and sex-specific QTLs influencing FNCS geometry variation. INTRODUCTION: Bone geometry, a highly heritable trait, is a critical component of bone strength that significantly determines osteoporotic fracture risk. Specifically, femoral neck cross-sectional (FNCS) geometry is significantly associated with hip fracture risk as well as genetic factors. However, genetic research in this respect is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify the underlying genomic regions influencing FNCS variables, we performed a remarkably large-scale whole genome linkage scan involving 3998 individuals from 434 pedigrees for four FNCS geometry parameters, namely buckling ratio (BR), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), and section modulus (Z). The major statistical approach adopted is the variance component method implemented in SOLAR. RESULTS: Significant linkage evidence (threshold LOD = 3.72 after correction for tests of multiple phenotypes) was found in the regions of 20q12 and Xq25 for CT (LOD = 4.28 and 3.90, respectively). We also identified eight suggestive linkage signals (threshold LOD = 2.31 after correction for multiple tests) for the respective geometry traits. The above findings were supported by principal component linkage analysis. Of them, 20q12 was of particular interest because it was linked to multiple FNCS geometry traits and significantly interacted with five other genomic loci to influence CSA variation. The effects of 20q12 on FNCS geometry were present in both male and female subgroups. Subgroup analysis also revealed the presence of sex-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FNCS traits in the regions such as 2p14, 3q26, 7q21 and 15q21. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings laid a foundation for further replication and fine-mapping studies as well as for positional and functional candidate gene studies, aiming at eventually finding the causal genetic variants and hidden mechanisms concerning FNCS geometry variation and the associated hip fractures.     

羊踯躅根治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的实验及临床研究

本文用反复静脉注射小剂量牛血清白蛋白复制家兔慢性肾炎,用羊踯躅根治疗。同时,用该药对慢性肾炎病人进行疗效观察。阳性组兔肾小球呈现中至重度颗粒形免疫荧光,肾组织呈明显慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎改变。尿蛋白±～++。治疗组兔及病人治疗后病变及症状均明显减轻或消失。结果提示循环免疫复合物反复沉着可引起兔类似人类的慢性硬化性肾小球肾炎,羊踯躅根对病变有一定的控制和治疗作用,这可能与其抑制免疫发病机制有关。     

国产人α＿1型基因工程干扰素治疗慢性肝炎Ⅲ期临床试验

３９例慢性肝炎患者，其中乙型肝炎１２例，丙型肝炎２７例，接受人α＿１型基因工程干扰素治疗（ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１）。１０例丙型肝炎病人ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注１×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天，１７例丙型肝炎病人和乙型肝炎ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注３×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天。治疗后乙型肝炎组ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的阴转率均为４１．６７％；丙型肝炎用１×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ和３×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ组ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴转率分别为５０％和６４．７％，两个剂量组阴转率比较差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），治疗期间不良反应发生率较低，远期疗效尚待观察。     

陇南川北中华白蛉种型与垂直分布的初步研究

陇南川北中华白蛉(Phlebotomus chinensis)体形存在大小两型,其分布界线大型在海拔2000米以上,小型在海拔1600米以下,雄蛉触角列式大体与两型白蛉分布的情况相对应。在海拔1600米以下,雄蛉触角列式为2/3～15的占98.3％,呈2/3～8,1/9～15的仅占1.7％,后者被认为是前者的个体变异。在海拔2000米以上,雄蛉触角列式呈2/3～8,1/9～15的占98.97％,恰与海拔1600米以下的相反。两型主要的形态特征并无区别。在相似条件下,不包括滞育蛉在内,大型完成发育史的时间平均为52.3天;小型为53.6天,两型无差别。但两型在滞育期的出现时间略有不同,小型的滞育期较大型早出现一旬。本文对陇南川北中华白蛉种型分化作了分析和讨论。根据所得的初步结果,认为目前还不能从分类学上给予准确的评价,有关问题尚待深入研究。由于两者分布高度不同,体形大小有别,建议将分布在海拔2000米以上的中华白蛉,暂称大型中华白蛉。海拔1600米以下的中华白蛉,暂称小型中华白蛉,这仅仅为了表达和阐述的方便,并不是分类学上的正名。     

Shape of the myopic eye as seen with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

We have obtained multislice magnetic resonance (MR) images of the eye and calculated ocular dimensions along the three cardinal axes: antero-posterior (A-P), equatorial, and vertical. We found no difference in the shape of hyperopic (average refractive error: +3.72 D) and emmetropic eyes, both of which had an equatorial diameter longer than the A-P and vertical diameters. Myopic eyes (average refractive error: -6.54 D) were larger than hyperopic eyes, and most had the same spheroelliptical shape as that of the emmetropic and hyperopic eyes. The results suggest that during myopic progression an overall enlargement or a radial volume expansion has occurred.     

冠心病人心房收缩时间间期测定及其意义

以心阻抗图法对52例冠心病人进行心房收缩时间间期(ASTI)的测量,并与100例同龄组正常人对比,结果表明:冠心病人心房射血前时间缩短(P<0.01),心房射血时间延长(P<0.01),二者比值下降(P<0.01)。ASTI 对于无创性评定冠心病人心室舒张期顺应性改变是一种简单有效的新方法。     

食管超声多普勒监测急性高容量血液稀释对血液动力学的影响

目的　应用经食管超声多普勒血液动力学监测仪 ,观察全麻下急性高容量血液稀释(HHD)的血液动力学和氧供 (DO2 )变化。方法　选择 1 5例ASAI～II级择期行非心脏手术患者。麻醉诱导插管后持续监测心输出量 (CO)、每搏量 (SV)、心脏指数 (CI)、血流峰速度 (PV)、血流加速度(Acc)和左室射血时间指数 (LVETi) ,每隔 5分钟输入MAP值后计算出系统血管阻力 (SVR)值。麻醉平稳和各项监测完成后 1 0min ,在 30min内输注 6 %羟乙基淀粉 (HES) 2 0ml/kg。记录 6 %HES输注前、输注 1 5和 30min时的各项监测数据 ,并抽取动脉血液样本行血气分析并计算DO2 。结果　与HHD前相比 ,血气各参数 (pH、PaO2 、PaCO2 、BE)均无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而 6 %HES输注 1 5和30min血红蛋白 (Hb)含量、红细胞比积 (Hct)均明显下降 (P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1 )。 6 %HES输注 1 5和 30min时的CaO2 比HHD前明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而DO2 显著增加 (P <0 0 5 )。与HHD前测量值相比 ,6 %HES输注 1 5min ,CO、SV、CI、PV和Acc明显升高 ,SVR显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;6 %HES输注 30min ,SV、PV和Acc进一步升高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,而CO、CI和SVR与 6 %HES输注 1 5min时无明显变化。MAP、HR和LVETi在HHD期间无明显变化。结论　术前输注 6 %HES 2 0ml     

Effective high-capacity gutless adenoviral vectors mediate transgene expression in human glioma cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common subtype of primary malignant brain tumor. Although serotype 5 adenoviral vectors (Ads) have been used successfully in clinical trials for GBM, the capacity of Ads to infect human glioma cells and the expression of adenoviral receptors in GBM cells have been challenged. In this report, we studied the expression of three molecules that have been shown to mediate adenoviral entry into cells, i.e., coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), integrin alphavbeta3 (INT), and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI), in rodent glioma cell lines and low-passage primary cultures and cell lines from human GBM. We correlated levels of expression of CAR, INT, and MHCI with transduction efficiency elicited by several high-capacity helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HC-Ads). Expression levels of adenoviral receptors were variable among the different GBM cells studied. HC-Ad-mediated therapeutic gene expression was efficient, ranging between 20 and 80% of the total target cells expressing the encoded transgenes. Our results show no correlation between the levels of CAR, INT, or MHCI molecules and the levels of transgene expression or the number of GBM cells transduced. We conclude that expression levels of adenoviral receptors do not predict their transduction efficiency or biological function.     

Effect of Shenmai Injection on L-type Calcium Current of Diaphragmatic Muscle in Rats

Diaphragmaticmuscleisanimportantrespiratorymuscle,anddiaphragmaticfatiguecanleadtomanydisorders .Onlyintherecent 2 0 yearshavethesys temicresearchesbeen performedtoinvestigatethefunctionofdiaphragmanditspathophysiology .Di aphragmaticfatiguecanbeinducedby…