麻痹性痴呆与阿尔茨海默病患者海马区氢质子磁共振波谱特点

目的 应用氢质子磁共振波谱(1 H-MRS)技术,探索麻痹性痴呆(GPI)患者、阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者和健康中老年人海马区代谢物水平特点.方法 纳入GPI患者35例,AD患者27例,健康中老年对照38名进行双侧海马区1 H-MRS检查,比较N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-acetylaspartate,NAA)/肌酸、胆碱/肌酸,NAA/胆碱,胆碱/NAA和肌醇/肌酸的水平;并同日进行简易精神状态检查(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知检查量表(MoCA)评定,探索GPI、AD患者海马区代谢物水平与病程严重程度的相关性.结果 GPI、AD组双侧海马区的NAA/肌酸均显著低于健康对照组(左侧1.48 ±0.25、1.52±0.28和1.71 ±0.36,F=5.928,P=0.004;右侧 1.47±0.38、1.62±0.36和1.82±0.42,F=7.309,P=0.001),GPI组右侧海马区的胆碱/NAA (0.68±0.48)显著高于AD组(0.49 ±0.15)和健康对照组(0.53±0.14),差异有统计学意义(P =0.024,P=0.045).GPI组和AD组海马区各代谢物水平与MMSE、MoCA评分均无显著相关.结论 GH和AD患者均存在双侧海马区神经元损伤.     

麻痹性痴呆患者海马磁共振波谱研究

目的探讨麻痹性痴呆(GPI)患者海马代谢物的变化及磁共振波谱(MRS)对GPI的诊断价值。方法对18例GPI患者(GPI组)、18例无神经系统损害的梅毒患者(普通梅毒组)及20例健康志愿者(对照组)行常规MRI检查,并予以行双侧海马1H-MRS单体素扫描,测量双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌酸和磷酸肌酸(Cr)和肌醇(MI)的峰下面积,计算NAA/Cr、MI/Cr和Cho/Cr,并比较3组间的差异。结果与对照组比较,GPI组双侧海马NAA/Cr明显降低(均P0.01),MI/Cr明显升高(均P0.05);与普通梅毒组比较,GPI组双侧海马NAA/Cr明显降低(均P0.01),MI/Cr明显升高(均P0.05);而普通梅毒组与对照组比较,各个数据之间无显著性差异(均P0.05)。结论1H-MRS能有效检测GPI患者脑组织物质代谢变化,提示GPI患者海马神经元活性降低、丢失明显,并可能伴有神经胶质细胞的增生;对GPI的诊断提供重要依据。     

路易体痴呆及阿尔茨海默病患者海马氢质子磁共振波谱研究

目的研究路易体痴呆(dementia with Lewy bodies,DLB)及阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)患者双侧海马氢质子磁共振波谱(hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)代谢物水平变化特点,探索海马1H-MRS在区分DLB和AD中的意义。方法在3T场强条件下,对14例DLB、14例AD患者及15例正常对照(normal control,NC)双侧海马进行单体素1H-MRS采集,测定海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)及肌醇(myo-inositol,mI)与肌酸(creatine,Cr)的比值。结果三组海马1H-MRS测量值比较,左、右侧海马NAA/Cr值差异均有统计学意义(F=5.347,P=0.009;F=5.302,P=0.009)。DLB组左侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.56±0.30)、AD组左侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.51±0.22)均低于NC组(1.84±0.35)(均P<0.05)。DLB组右侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.62±0.27)、AD组右侧海马NAA/Cr值(1.49±0.39)均低于NC组(1.90±0.37)(均P<0.05)。DLB组双侧海马NAA/Cr值略高于AD组,但差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。三组间双侧海马mI/Cr值、Cho/Cr值差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 DLB、AD患者双侧海马存在神经元功能障碍,其代谢物水平不能有效区分DLB和AD。     

轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病的边缘系统氢质子磁共振波谱特点

目的探讨海马和扣带回后部氢质子磁共振波谱(’H-MRS)改变在轻度认知障碍(MCI)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)早期诊断中的作用。方法应用’H-MRS技术检测15名健康老年人、15例MCI患者及15例AD患者脑内边缘系统的代谢物水平,对检测的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌酸复合物(Cr)和肌醇(mI)波谱数据进行比较分析。结果 AD组与健康对照组和MCI组相比,海马部位的mI/Cr均升高(均P0.05),NAA/mI降低(均P0.05);随病情进展,扣带回后部的mI/Cr呈递增趋势(P0.05),NAA/mI呈递减趋势(P0.05);AD组和MCI组扣带回后部的NAA/mI与健康对照组的差别程度大于海马部位(P=0.001,P=0.019)。结论扣带回后部的mI/Cr和NAA/mI有助于鉴别健康老人和AD患者;海马部位的NAA/mI有助于鉴别痴呆和非痴呆;MRS在诊断AD和MCI方面有一定辅助作用。     

难治性抑郁症患者海马代谢的磁共振质子波谱研究

目的 探讨难治性抑郁症患者双侧海马磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)的代谢特点.方法 运用1H-MRS成像系统检测16例难治性抑郁症患者(患者组)和16名健康对照者(对照组)双侧海马的N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌醇(mI)及肌酸(Cr)4种代谢产物,分别计算双侧NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr及mI/Cr.采用配对t检验、独立样本t检验及偏相关分析进行统计处理.结果 对照组左侧海马NAA/Cr(1.43±0.19),明显高于右侧(1.21±0.10),P＜0.01.患者组双侧海马NAA/Cr的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),右侧海马NAA/Cr(1.44±0.31),明显高于对照组(1.21±0.10),P＜0.01.未发现患者组海马的任何代谢指标与病程及汉密尔顿抑郁量表(17项)评分的相关性(P＞0.05).结论 难治性抑郁症患者右侧海马代谢增强,双侧海马NAA/Cr不对称性消失.     

抑郁症首次发病患者海马磁共振质子波谱成像的研究

目的 探讨抑郁症首次发病患者海马的磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)代谢物质的变化.方法 对99例首次发病的抑郁症患者和26例健康对照组行磁共振常规扫描及1H-MRS检查,测量双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)和肌酸(Cr)三种代谢物质,计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比值.结果 抑郁症患者海马NAA/Cr左右侧比值(1.23±0.16;1.16±0.16)低于对照组NAA/Cr左右侧比值(1.38±0.23;1.31±0.26),差异有显著性(P<0.05);抑郁症患者海马体部Cho/Cr左右侧比值(1.19±0.14;1.18±0.12)高于对照组Cho/Cr左右侧比值(1.14±0.12;1.11±0.14),差异有显著性(P<0.05).对照组左右侧NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比较差异无显著性(P>0.05).抑郁症组右侧NAA/Cr低于左侧,差异显著(P<0.05);左侧Cho/Cr高于右侧,差异不明显(P>0.05).结论 抑郁症患者可能存在双侧海马神经细胞代谢功能障碍,右侧神经细胞功能障碍较左侧明显.     

氢质子磁共振波谱对Alzheimer病神经生化改变的分析

目的研究Alzheimer病(Alzheimerdisease,AD)的氢质子磁共振波谱分析改变,并与认知正常的老年志愿者(normalcognition,NC)进行比较。方法对AD组21例及NC组20名被观察者行磁共振波谱分析,测定双侧海马、颞顶叶联合区的N乙酰天门冬氨酸(N acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)和肌醇(myo inositol,mI)与肌酸(creatine,Cr)的比值。采用SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析。结果AD组和NC组双侧海马和颞顶联合区的NAA/Cr差异有显著性(P<0.05),双侧海马和左侧颞顶叶联合区的mI/Cr差异有显著性(P<0.05),双侧海马和颞顶叶联合区的Cho/Cr差异无显著性(P<0.05)。只有左侧海马的NAA/Cr水平下降与AD的严重程度呈正相关(r=0.470,P<0.05)。结论磁共振波谱分析可发现AD海马及颞顶联合区的NAA/Cr、mI/Cr改变,左侧海马NAA/Cr的减低可帮助评价AD的严重程度。     

双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱成像研究

目的探讨双相抑郁患者前额叶及海马磁共振质子波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)的代谢物变化特点,为其神经生物学研究提供线索。方法应用磁共振质子波谱成像技术检测26例双相抑郁患者(患者组)和26例单相抑郁患者及13例健康志愿者(对照组)双侧前额叶白质、前扣带回皮质、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(N-Acetylaspartate,NAA)、胆碱(choline,Cho)、肌酸(creatine,Cr)3种代谢物,以Cr为参照物,分别计算双侧NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr比值。采用SPSS 13.0进行统计处理。结果患者组左侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr(1.65±0.31)低于对照组(2.37±0.36),左侧前额叶白质Cho/Cr(1.35±0.27)低于对照组(1.65±0.21),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);右侧前额叶白质NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧前扣带回NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值与正常对照组差异无统计学意义;患者组与单相抑郁组的双侧额叶白质、双侧前扣带回皮质、双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr值差异均无统计学意义。结论双相抑郁患者可能存在左侧前额叶神经元功能下降和膜磷脂代谢异常,其代谢物特点存在偏侧化。     

轻度认知损害患者氢质子磁共振波谱随访研究

目的回顾分析并总结轻度认知损害(MCI)患者认知功能转归及脑组织代谢物氢质子磁共振波谱(~1H-MRS)特点。方法采用简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评价量表(Mo CA)评价75例轻度认知损害患者和17例性别、年龄、受教育程度相匹配的正常对照者的认知功能,1H-MRS检测左侧海马和左侧额叶代谢物[包括N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)、肌醇(m I)、谷氨酸复合物(Glx)]表达变化。结果与正常对照者相比,轻度认知损害患者左侧海马和左侧额叶Glx/Cr比值均降低(P=0.030,0.030)。至随访结束时,MCI组7例(9.33%)进展为阿尔茨海默病、55例(73.33%)认知功能无变化、13例(17.33%)逆转为认知功能正常;正常对照组13例(13/17)认知功能功能无变化,2例(2/17)进展为轻度认知损害,无一例进展为阿尔茨海默病。不同认知功能转化亚组中仅MCI-MCI组患者Glx/Cr比值高于MCI-AD组(P=0.040)。结论左侧海马和左侧额叶Glx/Cr比值降低可能是轻度认知损害患者认知功能恶化较敏感的生物学指标,尚待扩大样本量、延长随访时间深入研究。     

血管性痴呆及其药物干预的影像学研究

目的利用磁共振波谱分析(magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS)技术研究脑卒中后血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)患者颞叶海马区细胞代谢水平及给予胆碱酯酶抑制剂后,细胞代谢水平的改变及其与临床症状的关系.方法脑卒中非VD组20例,男17例,女3例,平均年龄(71.7±4.7)岁.脑卒中VD组23例,男20例,女3例,平均年龄(72.9±5.1)岁,符合痴呆的诊断与统计手册第4次修改本(DSM-IV-R)诊断标准.对照组20名,男18名,女2名,平均年龄(70.9±4.8)岁.脑卒中VD组服用胆碱酯酶抑制剂重酒石酸卡巴拉汀,半年后复查头颅MRI、磁共振波谱分析(MRS)及认知功能.结果双侧颞叶海马区乙酰天门冬氨酸盐(NAA)与肌酸(Cr)的比值(NAA/Cr)在脑卒中VD组最低,胆碱(Cho)与肌酸的比值(Cho/Cr)在脑卒中VD组最高,其次为脑卒中非VD组,对照组NAA/Cr比值最高,Cho/Cr比值最低.相关回归分析发现脑卒中VD组简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分与颞叶海马区细胞代谢水平呈线形相关,与左右颞叶海马区NAA/Cr比值的相关回归系数分别为0.48(P=0.024)及0.60(P=0.003);与左右颞叶海马区Cho/Cr比值的相关回归系数分别为-0.36(P=0.102)及-0.53(P=0.012).给予重酒石酸卡巴拉汀治疗后颞叶海马区NAA/Cr比值上升,Cho/Cr比值下降,均达到统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 MRS技术可能会有助于辅助诊断脑卒中后痴呆;从影像学角度证明重酒石酸卡巴拉汀可能有调节血管性痴呆患者脑内胆碱水平作用,是否对神经元有保护作用还有待探讨.     

Brain metabolite concentration and dementia severity in Alzheimer's disease: a (1)H MRS study

OBJECTIVE: (1)H-MRS studies have shown abnormalities in brain levels of myo-inositol (mI) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in AD, but the relation of these abnormalities with dementia severity was not examined. The authors sought to determine whether altered brain levels of mI and other metabolites occur in mild AD and whether they change as dementia severity worsens. METHODS: The authors used (1)H-MRS with external standards to measure absolute brain concentrations of mI, NAA, total creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho)-containing compounds in 21 subjects with AD and 17 age- and sex-matched controls in occipital and left and right parietal regions. RESULTS: Concentrations of NAA were significantly decreased, whereas mI and Cr concentrations were significantly increased in all three brain regions in subjects with AD compared with controls. Higher concentrations of mI and Cr occurred even in mild AD. A discriminant analysis of the (1)H-MRS data combined with CSF volume measurements distinguished subjects with AD, ranging from mild to severe dementia, from controls with 100% correct classification. NAA concentration, though not other metabolites, was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination score. CONCLUSION: The measurements with (1)H-MRS of absolute metabolite concentrations in the neocortex showed abnormal concentrations of brain metabolites in AD; these metabolite concentrations do not necessarily correlate with disease severity. Although changes in myo-inositol and creatine occur in the early stages of AD, abnormalities of N-acetyl aspartate do not occur in mild AD but progressively change with dementia severity. Further, subjects with mild AD can be differentiated from controls with (1)H-MRS.     

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the motor cortex in 70 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for detection and monitoring of upper motoneuron degeneration in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. METHODS: Seventy patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis according to the El Escorial criteria were compared with 48 healthy control subjects. Single-volume proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (echo time, 272 milliseconds; repetition time, 2000 milliseconds) was performed in both motor cortices for detection of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), phosphocreatine + creatine ([P]Cr), and choline-containing compounds (Cho) to calculate the metabolite ratios NAA/Cho, NAA/(P)Cr, and Cho/(P)Cr. In addition, absolute metabolite concentrations of NAA, (P)Cr, and Cho were obtained in 30 patients and 15 controls with the unsuppressed water signal used as an internal reference. RESULTS: Absolute concentrations of NAA (P<.001) and (P)Cr (P<.05) were reduced in motor cortices of patients, whereas Cho concentrations remained unchanged. The NAA/Cho and NAA/(P)Cr ratios were reduced in all El Escorial subgroups (P<.001). The Cho/(P)Cr ratio was elevated in patients with definite amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (P<.05). Metabolite ratio changes corresponded to the lateralization of clinical symptoms and were weakly correlated with disease duration and disease severity. In follow-up observations of 16 patients during a mean (+/-SD) of 12.1 +/- 8.7 months, NAA/Cho dropped by 9.1% (P<.01), and Cho/(P)Cr increased by 7.0% (P<.01). Changes of metabolite ratios were significantly correlated with progression of disease severity. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of NAA concentrations and NAA/Cho ratios appear to be most suitable for detection of motor cortex degeneration by single-volume proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Reduced NAA/Cho ratios correspond to aspects of the clinical presentation and reflect disease progression in follow-up measurements.     

针药治疗抑郁症过程中患者海马、额叶代谢的变化

目的：对正常志愿者、抑郁症患者脑海马、前额叶进行1H-MRS分析,探讨治疗前后脑内代谢物质的变化特点。方法：将75例轻、中度抑郁症患者随机分为西药组（A组）、电针组（B组）、针药组（C组）,采用GE EXCITE II Signa 3.0T磁共振系统,PROBE-J序列进行单体素采集,感兴趣区分别置于左、右两侧海马和额叶。比较正常志愿者与3组患者治疗前后N－乙酰天门冬氨酸/胆碱（NAA/Cho）、N－乙酰天门冬氨酸/肌酸（NAA/Cr）和胆碱/肌酸（Cho/ Cr）值的差异。结果：治疗前三组患者双侧海马的NAA/Cr值较对照组减低,治疗后B组双侧海马、C组右侧海马的NAA/Cr值较治疗前增高（P<0.05）,C组左侧海马的NAA/Cr值较治疗前明显增高（P<0.01）。治疗前三组患者双侧额叶的Cho/ Cr值较对照组增高（P<0.05）,治疗后A组、B组双侧额叶的Cho/ Cr值较治疗前减低（P<0.05）,C组双侧额叶的Cho/ Cr值较治疗前明显减低（P<0.01）。结论：抑郁症患者双侧额叶、海马与正常成人相应部位的代谢物浓度存在差异,三种方案干预前后抑郁症患者脑功能活动各项指标的改变表明电针可通过多途径改善抑郁,而百优解的作用途径单一。     

Metabolite profile in the basal ganglia of children with cerebral palsy: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

This prospective study determined metabolite profile in the left and right basal ganglia of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) compared with children without disabilities, by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS). Twenty-three patients with spastic CP (12 males, 11 females; mean age 11y 9mo [SD 4y 2mo], range 4-17y) were examined. Twenty children had spastic diplegia and three had quadriplegia. Twenty-four normally developing children (13 females, 11 males; mean age 10y 3mo [SD 4y 8mo], range 4-17y) served as a comparison group. The relative concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were measured relative to creatine (Cr) and different combinations of metabolites within 8cm3 brain voxels. Children with CP showed reduced ratios of NAA:Cr, NAA:Cho, NAA:mI, and GABA:Cr in the basal ganglia relative to a matched comparison group. Patients demonstrated a significant age-dependent increase in NAA:Cr and NAA:Cho in the basal ganglia. No sex-dependent difference was shown in children with CP nor in the comparison group for all tested metabolite ratios. Significant correlation between Apgar score and ratio of mI:Cr in the group with CP was found. None of the tested metabolite ratios were correlated with the severity scale of CP in children with CP. NAA:Cr ratios were negatively correlated with learning disability in patients with CP. Results indicate the association of the metabolite ratios in basal ganglia with learning disability.     

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy detects a relative decrease of N-acetylaspartate in the hippocampus of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To characterize the cerebral metabolic changes in dementia with Lewy bodies patients. METHODS: The metabolic ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in bilateral hippocampus were determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 8 patients and 8 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Dementia with Lewy bodies patients showed significantly lower NAA/Cr ratios in bilateral hippocampus, while the Cho/Cr ratio did not differ from the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show relatively decrease of N-acetylaspartate in the hippocampus of patients with early or intermediate stage DLB. Hence, damage of neurons seems to be an early alteration in DLB.     

Single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 Tesla in a memory disorders clinic: early right hippocampal NAA/Cr loss in mildly impaired subjects

In this study, we use magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 3 Tesla to measure N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (mI) and choline (Cho) to creatine (Cr) ratios in R (right) and L (left) hippocampi (H) in 8 mildly memory impaired (MMI), 6 probable Alzheimer's Disease (PRAD), and 17 control subjects. NAA/Cr was significantly reduced in the RH in the MMI group and bilaterally in the PRAD group vs. controls. No other metabolite differences were noted between the three groups. Five MMI subjects have converted to PRAD in follow-up. These findings suggest that RH NAA/Cr ratios measured at 3 Tesla may be a sensitive marker of future progression to dementia in a clinically defined population with isolated memory complaints.     

急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍的磁共振波谱研究

目的应用质子磁共振波谱(1 H-MRS)技术,探讨急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者的颅内物质代谢变化与认知损害的关系。方法对86例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)及21名健康对照者(对照组)进行简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评分量表(MoCA)评分,并计算其视空间及执行功能评分。根据认知评分结果,将脑梗死组分为脑梗死后认知功能正常组(NCI)、脑梗死后VCI非痴呆组(VCIND)、脑梗死后痴呆组。对脑梗死组及健康对照进行1 H-MRS检查,测定右额叶、左颞叶、左丘脑及顶枕叶交界处N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)/肌酸(Cr)、肌醇(mI)/Cr及胆碱复合物(Cho)/Cr比值,并分析脑梗死组物质代谢比值与认知评分(MoCA评分、视空间及执行功能)间的相关性。结果 (1)与对照组(左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr 1.53±0.08、1.52±0.10)相比,VCIND组左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr(1.46±0.07、1.47±0.07)降低(P=0.001、P=0.006);与VCIND组右额叶1.46±0.10比较,梗死后痴呆组右额叶、左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr(1.38±0.14、1.39±0.06、1.42±0.09)降低(分别P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.003)。对照组及NCI组间的各区域物质代谢比值无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。(2)所有脑梗死患者中,除右额叶Cho/Cr外,余各感兴趣区物质代谢比值与MoCA评分间均相关,其中以左颞叶、左丘脑NAA/Cr值与MoCA评分的相关性为著(分别r=0.566,P<0.001;r=0.485,P<0.001);除右额叶、丘脑及顶枕叶交界处Cho/Cr外,余各物质代谢比值与视空间及执行功能评分间相关,其中亦以左颞叶及左丘脑NAA/Cr值的相关性为著(分别NAA/Cr为r=0.591,P<0.001;r=0.491,P<0.001)。结论左丘脑及左颞叶代谢异常可能为VCI患者认知损害的早期关键环节之一,随着VCI病变进展可能整个皮质及皮质下环路区域都将出现代谢异常。     

重复经颅磁刺激对酒依赖患者记忆功能及海马代谢的影响

目的 探讨重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对酒依赖患者戒断期记忆功能的影响及与海马代谢物水平变化的关系.方法 将38例男性戒断期酒依赖患者按随机数字表分为rTMS组和伪rTMS组,rTMS组给予1 Hz刺激4周,刺激部位为右侧背外侧前额叶皮质(DLPFC);伪rTMS组给予无效刺激.治疗前后分别评估言语记忆、视觉记忆,并采用氢质子磁共振波谱(1 H-MRS)检测双侧海马部位代谢物N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱化合物(Cho)和肌酸复合物(Cr).结果 (1)rTMS组治疗后言语记忆和视觉记忆评分较治疗前提高(P<0.05),而伪rTMS组治疗后记忆评分较治疗前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗后,rTMS组仅视觉记忆评分优于伪rTMS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而言语记忆未见明显改善(P>0.05).(2)rTMS组治疗后双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr较治疗前升高(P<0.01),而伪rTMS组治疗前后双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗后,rTMS组双侧海马NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr高于伪rTMS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).(3)左侧海马NAA/Cr、右侧海马Cho/Cr治疗后与治疗前的差值分别与言语记忆、视觉记忆评分呈正相关(P<0.01).结论 rTMS可以改善戒断期酒依赖患者的记忆功能,其可能机制与升高海马NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr有关.     

慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马质子磁共振波谱成像研究

目的 利用质子磁共振波谱(~1H-MRS)研究慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马生化物质的变化.方法 选择武警广东总队医院神经外科自2007年1月至2009年6月收治的慢性精神分裂症患者25例做为患者组,门诊体检正常志愿者25例为对照组,利用~1H-MRS测量2组成员双侧海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA),胆碱复合物(Cho)和肌酸--磷酸肌酸复合物(Cr)含量,计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr的比值.结果 慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马NAA/Cr的比值(左侧2.05±0.14,右侧1.98±0.17)低于正常对照组(左侧2.19±0.13,右侧2.17±0.14),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Cho/Cr比值(左侧1.30±0.12,右侧1.25±0.18)高于正常对照组(左侧1.04±0.15,右侧0.95±0.13),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 慢性精神分裂症患者双侧海马可能存在神经元的缺失或功能损伤,并且伴有膜磷脂代谢紊乱.