代谢综合征与急性脑血管病的关系

目的探讨代谢综合征(MS)与急性血管病(ACVD)的关系。方法选取我院收治的ACVD患者137例为ACVD组,选取同期收治的非急性脑血管病患者50例为对照组,分析ACVD亚型代谢紊乱情况,分析MS及相关因子与ACVD的关系。结果脑梗死组3种代谢紊乱的几率为62.96%,较脑出血组的25.93%高,脑梗死组1种代谢紊乱的几率为33.33%,较脑出血的52.38%低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);脑出血、脑梗死患者中心性肥胖、高血压、高血脂、高TG、低HDL-C、MS发生率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,高血压是脑出血独立危险因素;高血压、高血糖、高TG及MS是脑梗死独立危险因素。结论 MS、高血糖、高血压等是脑梗死的独立危险因素,高血压是脑出血的危险因素。     

住院精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征的临床分析

目的调查住院精神分裂症患者代谢综合征的发生率,分析与代谢综合征有关的危险因素。方法将符合CCMD-3诊断标准的住院精神分裂症患者为研究对象,以2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会代谢综合征为标准,了解精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征的发生率,并用Logistic回归分析其相关因素。结果符合入组条件者共726例,精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征患病率为32.3%。代谢综合征患病相关的危险因素为年龄、氯氮平及精神分裂症的病程（P〈0.05）。Logistis回归分析结果显示,精神分裂症患者伴发代谢综合征的危险因素是高龄,病程。结论与普通人群相比,精神分裂症患者具有较高伴发代谢综合征患病风险,可能的危险因素为高龄,病程长和服用氯氮平等。     

伴代谢综合征的急性脑梗死患者颅内血管狭窄差异分析

目的：探讨伴代谢综合征的急性脑梗死患者颅内动脉血管的差异。方法2010‐07—2013‐12在我院住院治疗患者1500例,其中符合纳入标准的1072例,其中正常健康人群255例,急性脑梗死患者（病例组）817例。另将所有研究对象中有颅内血管狭窄者作为颅内病变组。通过头部CTA或核磁共振血管成像或全脑血管造影术检查,明确有无颅内动脉血管狭窄性病变。通过单因素及多因素的Logistic回归,比较分析颅内血管病变的危险因素。结果脑梗死患者中代谢综合征发病率46.7％,其中59％存在颅内动脉狭窄,OR值为4.11。颅内动脉病变组代谢综合征发病率为50.8％。代谢综合征与脑梗死及颅内动脉病变呈正相关。糖耐量减低（IG T ）及糖尿病（DM ）与颅内动脉血管狭窄有相关性,其危险度为无糖尿病患者的2.44及2.6倍。多因素Logistic回归分析中发现颅内动脉病变与高血压及TG呈正相关性。结论急性脑梗死患者中代谢综合征是颅内动脉血管狭窄的独立危险因素。代谢综合征的五个组分中高血压与颅内血管病变的相关性最强。     

青年急性脑梗死患者的危险因素及病因分型分析

目的探讨青年急性脑梗死患者的危险因素及病因分型。方法回顾性收集180例青年急性脑梗死患者为病例组,同期收集的150例门诊健康体检者为对照组,采用单因素χ2检验及多因素Logistic回归模型对危险因素进行分析。病因分析采用TOAST分型及国际儿童卒中研究(International Pediatric Stroke Study,IPSS)方法进行探讨。结果单因素χ2检验示高血压、高脂血症、吸烟、饮酒、高同型半胱氨酸的组间分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析示高同型半胱氨酸、高脂血症、吸烟和高血压的组间分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用TOAST分型而被认定为不明原因脑梗死的24例患者,利用IPSS方法发现83%的患者有其他危险因素。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是青年缺血性脑卒中的独立危险因素。采用IPSS方法可能为青年缺血性脑卒中特定病因分型的发展提供参考。     

脑梗死与代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的 探讨代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)及其各单一组分危险因素对不同类型脑梗死(cerebral infarction, CI)的影响.方法 选择符合纳入标准的脑梗死454例,其中血栓性脑梗死(cerebral thrombosis,CT)244例,腔隙性脑梗死(lacunar infarct, LI)210例及对照组300例.分析各组MS的患病率,MS及其各单一组分危险因素与不同类型脑梗死的相关性.结果 (1)脑梗死组MS患病率50.22%(228/454),CT组及LI组分别为54.10%(132/244)、45.71%(96/210),均显著高于对照组25.33%(76/300).(2)CT组除肥胖外,MS各单一组分危险因素的患病率均高于对照组,LI组仅高血压、高血糖、甘油三酯(TG)增高及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)降低的患病率高于对照组,且两类脑梗死的高血糖、高血压患病率有显著差异.(3)调整年龄、性别和其他脑卒中危险因素后,代谢综合征依然增加脑梗死患病的危险,按CDS标准对上述两类脑梗死的OR 值分别为2.84 (95%CI : 1.85～5.62)、2.02 (95%CI: 1.32～4.13).(4)两类脑梗死的胰岛素抵抗指数均(HOMAIR)高于对照组,随着组成MS危险因素的增加,HOMAIR逐渐升高.结论 MS与脑梗死患病危险增加相关,这种关系独立于脑卒中的其他危险因素.MS及其各单一组分的危险因素对不同类型脑梗死所起作用有所差别.MS的发生与胰岛素抵抗有关.     

表现为脑梗死的孤立性前庭综合征危险因素分析

目的探讨表现为脑梗死的孤立性前庭综合征(IVS)患者的危险因素。方法回顾性收集2014年3月-2017年10月以IVS为症状就诊于神经内科治疗的患者,根据MRI-DWI及临床特征分为梗死组及非梗死组,采用Logistic回归分析两组间危险因素。同时,分析危险因素的个数与脑梗死发生风险的关系。结果共纳入197例患者,其中梗死组48例,非梗死组149例。Logstic回归结果提示脑卒中史、吸烟为IVS发生脑梗死的独立危险因素。其OR值分别为7. 123和3. 439(P <0. 001)。具有3个及以上危险因素的患者发生脑梗死的风险是无危险因素者的8. 137倍(95%CI 2. 271～29. 159,P=0. 001)。结论脑卒中史、吸烟为表现为脑梗死的IVS患者的危险因素;大于3个及以上危险因素的IVS患者需警惕脑卒中的可能性。     

代谢综合征是脑卒中的危险因素

目的初步探讨代谢综合征与初发脑卒中的关系。方法选择905例初发脑卒中患者和500例正常对照,计算各组代谢综合征的现患率。测定纤维蛋白（原）、C-反应蛋白等指标。结果初发卒中患者代谢综合征的现患率是对照组的3倍;伴代谢综合征的脑卒中患者中,缺血性卒中（80.75%）所占比例显著超过出血性卒中,CRP和FIB（均P〈0.05）均明显高于同组不伴MS的患者及对照组。结论代谢综合征是脑卒中的危险因素之一,其机制可能与凝血纤溶系统、炎症等方面有关。     

轻型缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能障碍的相关因素分析

目的探讨轻型缺血性脑卒中患者认知功能障碍(post-stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI)的发生率和相关危险因素。方法选取2017-09-2018-09就诊于中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第989医院神经内科的首发轻型缺血性脑卒中患者共120例,采用MMSE评分、MOCA评分将其分为PSCI组57例和N-PSCI组63例,对2组一般资料及相关影响因素进行单因素分析,有显著差异的指标进行多因素Logistic回归确定其影响程度。结果轻型缺血性脑卒中患者PSCI的发生率高达47.5%,其中以延迟回忆和视空间及执行功能最为明显;单因素分析表明,2组年龄、高血压、静止性脑梗死、Fazekas评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析提示,高血压、静止性脑梗死为PSCI的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论轻型缺血性脑卒中患者PSCI的发生率较高,高血压、静止性脑梗死可能是其独立的危险因素。     

青年脑梗死相关危险因素分析

目的探讨青年脑梗死的危险因素。方法对94例青年脑梗死患者和84名同年龄健康对照患者及100例老年脑梗死患者和86名同年龄对照组患者的血脂、脂蛋白、血糖水平及血压等资料进行分析。结果青年脑梗死患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白显著高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白低于对照组及老年脑梗死组。经非条件Logistic回归分析,高血压的回归系数为2.98,相对危险度为8.67;高密度脂蛋白降低的回归系数为1.75,相对危险度为5.75。结论脂质代谢异常和高血压是引起青年脑梗死的主要原因,高密度脂蛋白降低可能是脑卒中最重要的危险因素。     

缺血性脑小血管病160例相关危险因素分析

目的探讨缺血性脑小血管病相关危险因素。方法基于缺血性卒中分型系统TOAST分型缺血性脑小血管病患者160例为脑卒中组,非脑卒中患者40例为对照组,对两组患者发病的危险因素进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果与对照组相比,通过多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示缺血性脑小血管病的主要危险因素是年龄、高血压、高三酰甘油血症(HTG)。结论年龄、高血压、HTG是缺血性脑小血管病的独立危险因素。     

Current understanding of multiple risk factors as the metabolic syndrome: distillation or deconstruction

The "metabolic syndrome" is a new term that defines the clustering of vascular risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia, obesity, elevated blood pressure, and elevated blood glucose. Controversy exists regarding the use of the term, which raises the question of whether the unique grouping of vascular risk factors adds more clinical risk then the additive effect of multiple risk factors viewed as separate but important entities. Whatever the answer, the metabolic syndrome constitutes a major public health problem with over 47 million persons in the United States meeting criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Although studies have demonstrated that the metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for overall mortality as well as cardiovascular events, the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and ischemic stroke has not been well characterized. Two large cross-sectional studies report an association between metabolic syndrome and increased risk of a history of stroke. One large multiethnic prospective study found the metabolic syndrome to be significantly associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke after adjustment for sociodemographics and other cardiovascular risk factors. This study estimated that the metabolic syndrome may account for 19% of ischemic strokes including 30% of stroke in women and over 40% of stroke in Hispanics. Despite debate about the utility of its definition, there is evidence to suggest that the metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke, with differential effects by gender and race-ethnicity. Further, the metabolic syndrome has important clinical and public health implications by helping to easily identify individuals at greatest risk of vascular events.     

代谢综合征与脑卒中类型、并发症及预后的关系

目的探讨代谢综合征与脑卒中类型、并发症及预后的关系。方法对568例有代谢综合征的脑卒中患者(代谢综合征组)及209例无代谢综合征的脑卒中患者(无代谢综合征组)的临床资料进行对比分析。结果代谢综合征组脑梗死比率(93.0%)显著高于无代谢综合征组(85.2%)(P<0.01);肺部感染(51.9%)、呼吸衰竭(27.3%)、心功能衰竭(28.0%)、肾功能衰竭(14.3%)等并发症的发生率及死亡率(25.0%)明显高于无代谢综合征组(19.1%、13.9%、14.8%、5.3%、12.9%)(均P<0.01);治疗的总有效率(64.1%)明显低于无代谢综合征组(74.6%)(P<0.01)。结论有代谢综合征的脑卒中患者以脑梗死多见,并发症发生率高,预后较差。     

伴有代谢综合征的首发缺血性卒中患者性别差异的横断面研究

目的 旨在初步研究伴有代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MS）的首发缺血性卒中（first-ever ischemicstroke,FIS）患者在入院时基线水平的性别差异。方法 对2008年8月～2009年11月在北京天坛医院神经内科住院的连续入组的FIS患者进行横断面调查。依据国际糖尿病联盟（the International Diabetes Federation,IDF）2005年对MS的定义对入选患者进行分组,对比男性、女性患者之间的差异。结果 602例FIS患者中,男411例（占68.3%）、女191例（占31.7%）,伴MS患者共234例,其中男117例,占男性FIS患者的28.5%;女117例,占女性FIS患者的61.3%。男性伴MS患者吸烟、饮酒发生率明显高于伴MS的女性（74.3% vs 14.5%,P <0.001;66.7% vs 4.3%,P <0.001）。中心性肥胖、低高密度脂蛋白、高血压发生率在女性明显高于男性（79.1% vs 34.8%,P <0.001;62.8% vs 38.9%,P <0.001;97.4%vs 89.1%,P =0.024）。女性伴MS的患者同女性不伴MS的患者比较,患大动脉粥样硬化性（largeartery atherosclerosis,LAA）缺血性卒中的风险更高（67.4% vs 48.4%,P =0.011）。男性伴MS的患者同男性不伴MS的患者比较,在此卒中亚型上未见显著差异（29.2% vs 25.3%,P =0.490）。结论 在FIS患者中,女性患者MS的发生率远高于男性患者。在伴有MS的FIS患者当中,和女性相比,男性更常见的危险因素为吸烟、饮酒;而和男性相比,女性更常见的危险因素为中心性肥胖及低高密度脂蛋白、高血压。伴MS的女性FIS患者,更易感LAA性缺血性卒中,而在伴MS的男性患者中未见到明显卒中亚型的差别。     

未治疗的双相障碍患者共病代谢综合征的临床分析

目的:探讨未治疗的双相障碍(BD)患者共病代谢综合征(MS)的情况及相关因素分析。方法:收集125例未治疗的BD患者(BD组)的一般人口学资料及临床资料,检测其代谢指标,包括体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、空腹血糖(FPG),并与201名健康体检者(对照组)比较,分析BD患者发生MS的危险因素。结果:BD组年龄明显低于对照组,校正年龄和性别后,BD组SBP及FPG异常率及MS发生率明显高于对照组(P均<0.01)。男性患者SBP、TG明显高于女性,HDL水平明显低于女性(P均<0.01);TG异常率及代谢指标异常≥2项的比率明显高于女性(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,BD患者发生MS的危险因素是BMI、性别和年龄。结论:BD患者共病MS的风险较健康人更高,其中男性、年龄和BMI是MS的危险因素。     

Characterizing coronary heart disease risk in chronic schizophrenia: high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in patients with chronic schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. METHOD: We compared individual CHD risk factors and Framingham risk predictions in a group of 240 patients with a large national sample (Canadian Heart Health Survey) matched for age and sex. In addition, we compared rates of the metabolic syndrome (syndrome X) with recently published rates in the US adult population. RESULTS: Compared with the reference population, Framingham 10-year risk of myocardial infarction was greater in the male patients (t3091 = 4.35, P < 0.001) but not in the female patients. Prevalence rates of the metabolic syndrome in the patients (42.6% of men and 48.5% of women) were approximately 2 times published rates in the US adult population. Further, the syndrome appears to occur at a younger age than in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: These long-term patients have increased CHD risks best captured by the metabolic syndrome conceptualization coupled with a high rate of cigarette smoking. This characterization is consistent with increased cardiovascular morbidity and decreased life expectancy in both men and women. We underscore the importance of both screening for and treating potentially reversible CHD risk factors in schizophrenia patients.     

The metabolic syndrome and cerebrovascular disease: suspicion and evidence

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is the combination of factors which, when occurring in an individual, can result in an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and of episodes of vascular disease. We present a systematic review of the diagnostic criteria, pathology, prevalence and risk of vascular disease (including stroke) associated with the MS and, if the patients have already suffered cerebral ischemia and have the MS and/or DM, the appropriate therapies from which they could benefit.     

Mean platelet volume in patients with metabolic syndrome and its relationship with coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation which is a central process in the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease. The metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized as the clustering of closely associated and interdependent atherosclerotic risk factors. MS has also been shown to be strongly associated with poor outcome in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The present study was designed to investigate MPV values in patients MS and to interrogate the association with CAD. METHODS: We measured MPV in 205 consecutive patients with metabolic syndrome (mean age, 53+/-7 years) and 140 control subjects without metabolic syndrome (mean age, 52+/-6 years). All patients were selected from individuals who underwent coronary angiography in our hospital with a suspicion of coronary artery disease. To evaluate the severity of coronary artery disease, the patients with MS were subdivided depending upon the coexistence of coronary artery disease: normal coronary arteries, having coronary stenotic lesions of <50%, and having coronary stenotic lesions of >50%. RESULTS: The MPV was significantly higher in patients with MS than in the control group (10.19+/-1.49 fl vs 8.21+/-1.02 fl, p<0.001). According to the CAD severity, there were no statistically significant differences in MPV among these subgroups. CONCLUSION: We have shown for the first time that patients with MS have higher MPV compared to control subjects with normal coronary angiograms and to be associated with CAD. Hence MPV can be used as a follow up marker in patients with MS in the point of CAD.     

急性缺血性脑血管病患者代谢综合征与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性缺血性脑血管病(AICD)患者颈动脉粥样硬化(CA)的特点以及代谢综合征(MS)对CA的影响.方法 应用彩色多普勒超声仪检查514例AICD患者及300例对照组的颈动脉,比较两组颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块指数、CA发生率及MS患病率.按是否有CA将AICD患者分成CA组及非CA组,分析两组MS的患病率以及MS和其单一组分危险因素与CA的相关性.结果 (1)AICD组MS患病率、IMT、斑块指数及CA发生率均明显高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)CA组MS、高血压、三酰甘油(TG)增高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)增高及总胆同醇(TC)增高的发生率高于非CA组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)调整年龄、性别、吸烟史和其他单一组分危险因素后,MS依然增加CA患病的危险,其OR值为2.43.95%CI为1.81～3.96.(4)伴糖尿病的MS患者CA的患病危险度(OR值为22.46)是不伴糖尿病的MS患者的5.6倍(OR值为3.98).结论 AICD患者MS及CA患病率高,MS是CA的独立危险因素,并和其各单一组分危险因素及糖尿病相互作用促进CA的发生.     

精神分裂症合并代谢综合征的调查

目的调查精神分裂症合并代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome,MS）的患病率及相关因素。方法对住院的210例精神分裂症患者进行MS调查和相关实验室指标测定,MS的诊断标准采用2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会标准。结果资料完整的精神分裂症住院患者210例;精神分裂症患者合并MS的患病率为18．9％,72．1％的患者至少有1项MS成分;MS组饮酒史阳性者比例显著高于非MS组（P〈0．05）;体重指数（BMI）与MS的发生直线相关（r=0．350,P〈0．01）。结论精神分裂症患者具有较高的MS发生风险,BMI是一项重要的预测指标,饮酒史是危险因素。