血常规中炎症指标在脑梗死预后中的预测价值

目的探讨血常规中炎症指标对急性脑梗死预后的预测价值。方法选取承德市中心医院2018年9月-2019年9月收住的139例接受阿替普酶静脉溶栓的脑梗死患者,检测血常规,根据入院时神经功能缺损评分划分轻型卒中(NIHSS 5)、中-重型卒中(NIHSS≥5),根据90 d后的改良的Rankin评分(mRS),分预后良好组(mRS 0～2分)、预后不良组(mRS 3～6分)。通过Logistic回归分析预后的预测指标。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血常规中炎症指标对急性脑梗死预后的预测价值。结果预后良好组患者的血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞的比值(NLR)显著低于预后不良组(P 0.005),血小板/白细胞比值(PWR)高于预后不良组(P 0.05)。轻型卒中组PLR、NLR显著低于中-重型卒中组(P 0.05)。ROC曲线发现,PLR、NLR在预测急性脑梗死预后的曲线下面积分别为0.721(95%CI 0.630～0.813; P 0.001)、0.765(95%CI 0.678～0.851;P 0.001);而PWR曲线下面积为0.642。结论血常规中NLR、PLR可能是急性脑梗死90 d预后的独立预测指标,也可用于卒中严重程度判断。     

平均血小板体积评价急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓患者短期预后的价值研究

目的研究平均血小板体积(MPV)评价急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)静脉溶栓患者短期预后的应用价值。方法连续选取AIS静脉溶栓患者121例,根据发病后14 d或出院时改良Rankin量表(m RS)评分,分为短期预后良好组(m RS≤2分),短期预后不良组(mRS≥3分)。比较两组患者的人口学特征、实验室检查和临床资料。应用多因素二元Logistic回归分析短期预后不良的独立危险因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价MPV对短期预后的预测价值。结果短期预后良好组的MPV明显低于短期预后不良组[(9.61±1.28)f L对比(10.30±1.24)f L,P0.05];多因素二元Logistic回归分析结果显示MPV是AIS静脉溶栓患者短期预后的独立危险因素(OR=1.735,95%CI:1.134～2.654)。ROC分析显示,MPV最佳截断点为9.82 fL,MPV预测AIS静脉溶栓患者短期不良结局的敏感度为62.8%,特异度为65.4%。结论MPV是AIS静脉溶栓患者短期预后不良的独立预测因素,具有一定的预后评定价值。     

急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清CCCK-18、CTRP3水平变化及临床意义

目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶裂解细胞角蛋白-18(CCCK-18)、补体1q肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3(CTRP3)水平变化及临床意义。方法选取163例AIS患者为AIS组,根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)将患者分为轻度缺损组(49例)、中度缺损组(76例)、重度缺损组(38例),治疗3个月后根据改良Rankin量表(mRS)将患者分为预后不良组(66例)和预后良好组(97例),另选取同期72例体检健康者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清CCCK-18、CTRP3水平。结果 AIS组血清CCCK-18水平明显高于对照组,CTRP3水平明显低于对照组(P 0.05)。轻、中、重缺损度组血清CCCK-18水平逐渐提升,CTRP3水平逐渐降低(P 0.05)。血清CCCK-18水平与NIHSS评分呈正相关; CTRP3水平与NIHSS评分呈负相关(P 0.05)。多因素Logistics回归分析显示,大面积梗死、高NIHSS评分、高CCCK-18水平为AIS患者预后不良独立危险因素,高CTRP3水平为独立保护因素(P 0.05)。ROC曲线显示,CCCK-18联合CTRP3预测AIS患者预后不良的AUC明显大于CCCK-18、CTRP3单独预测(P 0.05),敏感度、特异度为86.36%、81.44%。结论 AIS患者血清CCCK-18水平上调,CTRP3水平下调,与病情严重程度和预后不良有关,联合检测二者能提升预后不良预测价值。     

脑梗死患者血清白蛋白、球蛋白水平及其比值变化研究

目的 探讨脑梗死患者血清白蛋白、球蛋白水平及其比值变化及对预后的影响.方法 选择自2006年6月至2010年6月于兴义市人民医院神经内科住院治疗的120例急性脑梗死患者为研究对象Ⅰ组,选择同期具有脑血管病风险因素且与Ⅰ组危险因素匹配的110例个体为研究对象Ⅱ组,选择同期体检健康的90例志愿者为研究对象Ⅲ组.比较3组对象血清白蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白比值、纤维蛋白原、外周血细胞的差异.随访2年后比较3组对象中白蛋白/球蛋白比值≥1.45及白蛋白/球蛋白比值＜1.45个体的预后差异. 结果 Ⅲ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅰ组血清球蛋白、纤维蛋白原、白细胞水平依次升高,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Ⅲ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅰ组血清白蛋白水平、白蛋白/球蛋白比值依次降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).随访2年后Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组再发脑血管病发生率分别为24.1％、18.5％及2.3％,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Ⅰ、Ⅱ组白蛋白/球蛋白比值＜1.45亚组患者发生脑血管病事件风险是白蛋白/球蛋白比值≥1.45亚组患者的3.6倍. 结论 血清白蛋白、球蛋白水平及白蛋白/球蛋白比值与脑梗死发生密切相关,脑梗死及脑血管病危险人群白蛋白/球蛋白比值降低者较白蛋白/球蛋白比值正常者发生脑血管病事件风险增加.     

即刻血糖水平检测对颅脑损伤患者病情及预后判断的意义

目的探讨院前接诊即刻血糖水平检测在评估颅脑损伤患者病情及预后中的价值。方法选取颅脑创伤患者76例为研究对象,根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)分为3组,轻型组(13~15分)20例、中型组(9~12分)27例和重型组(3~8分)29例,探讨患者入院时即刻血糖水平与患者病情严重程度及预后的关系。结果轻型组患者即刻血糖为(5.16±1.30)mmol/L,显著低于中型组(7.92±1.63)mmol/L、重型组(8.82±1.91)mmol/L,两两对比差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);轻型组不同血糖水平对预后无影响(P0.05);中型组、重型组血糖11.1mmol患者的预后良好率高于血糖≥11.1mmol患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);轻型组不良预后的发生率为0,显著低于中型组、重型组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论即刻血糖水平与颅脑损伤患者预后显著相关。     

血清miR-17-5p与Hcy水平联合预测急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后的价值

目的探讨血清miR-17-5p及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平联合预测急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者预后的价值。方法选取2016年1月至2019年3月儋州市人民医院收治的158例AIS,根据改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将患者分为预后良好组(n=98,mRS评分≤2分)和预后不良组(n=60,mRS评分2分),采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分将患者分为轻度组(n=47,NIHSS评分5分)、中度组(n=73,5分≤NIHSS评分≤20分)、重度组(n=38,NIHSS评分20分)。检测各组血清miR-17-5p及Hcy水平,应用ROC曲线分析miR-17-5p联合Hcy预测AIS患者预后不良的价值。采用Pearson相关分析方法分析AIS患者血清miR-17-5p及Hcy水平与NIHSS及mRS评分的相关性。结果 AIS组血清miR-17-5p[(2.38±0.74)比(0.24±0.08)]及Hcy[(18.60±5.30)μmol/L比(5.70±1.15)μmol/L]水平明显高于对照组(均P0.01)。预后不良组血清miR-17-5p[(3.24±1.08)比(1.56±0.63)]及Hcy[(23.40±6.10)μmol/L比(14.25±3.58)μmol/L]水平明显高于预后良好组(均P0.01)。重度组血清miR-17-5p[分别为:(3.60±1.15)比(2.52±0.90),(3.60±1.15)比(1.20±0.47)]及Hcy[(28.20±6.74)μmol/L比(18.36±4.82)μmol/L,(28.20±6.74)μmol/L比(11.35±3.20)μmol/L]水平均明显高于中度组和轻度组(P0.01),且中度组血清miR-17-5p[(2.52±0.90)比(1.20±0.47)]及Hcy[(18.36±4.82)μmol/L比(11.35±3.20)μmol/L]水平均明显高于轻度组(P0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清miR-17-5p及Hcy水平预测AIS患者预后不良的最佳截值分别为2.06、17.62μmol/L,两项联合预测AIS患者预后不良的曲线下面积[0.918(95%CI:0.860～0.975)]较高,其敏感度和特异度分别为92.0%和85.3%。相关分析结果显示,预后不良组血清miR-17-5p及Hcy水平与NIHSS(分别r=0.772、0.853,P0.01)及mRS评分(分别r=0.740、0.807,P0.01)均呈正相关。结论血清miR-17-5p及Hcy水平升高与AIS患者神经功能缺损的严重程度及预后不良相关,且miR-17-5p联合Hcy对AIS患者预后预测具有较高的价值。     

血清CXCL12水平在预测颅脑损伤预后不良患者中的价值

目的探讨血清CXC趋化因子配体12(CXCL12)水平对颅脑损伤患者预后不良的预测价值。方法回顾性分析124例颅脑损伤患者(A组)和86例健康体检者(B组)的资料,检测两组血清CXCL12水平。结果 A组与B组血清CXCL12水平比较及A组不同严重程度分型间比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。A组血清CXCL12高于B组,重型患者高于轻型和中型患者,中型患者高于轻型患者,A组不同严重分型间不良发生率及分型中不同预后间比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。A组预后不良发生率为20.97%,重型患者高于轻型和中型患者,且预后不良患者血清CXCL12高于预后良好患者,轻型、中型、重型中预后不良患者血清CXCL12水平均高于预后良好者。血清CXCL12水平预测A组预后不良的效能理想。结论血清CXCL12水平可预测颅脑损伤患者的预后不良。     

血小板与淋巴细胞比率、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2及同型半胱氨酸与缺血性卒中诊断 和短期预后的关系

目的探讨血小板与淋巴细胞比率(PLR)、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平与缺血性卒中诊断、短期预后的关系。方法回顾性连续纳入2018年10月至2019年10月徐州医科大学附属医院神经内一科收治的200例缺血性卒中患者(病例组),以同期体检的健康人群120例作为对照组,分别检测PLR、Lp-PLA2及HCY水平。病例组患者入院时根据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分分为轻、中、重度神经功能缺损组;治疗3周后根据改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分将病例组患者分为预后良好与预后不良组。分别比较病例组轻、中、重度神经功能缺损患者以及预后良好与预后不良组患者的血清PLR、Lp-PLA2、HCY水平,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其诊断效能,评价预后价值。结果与对照组比较,病例组患者血清PLR、Lp-PLA2及HCY水平显著升高[分别为(168.73±62.12)比(116.87±31.87),(245.64±81.30)μg/L比(165.17±38.13)μg/L,(18.45±6.81)μmol/L比(11.14±3.04)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为9.843、11.377、13.161,均P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清PLR、Lp-PLA2、HCY为缺血性卒中的独立危险因子(OR值分别为1.017、1.005、1.072,95%CI分别为1.009~1.026、1.000~1.010、1.009~1.139;均P<0.01)。轻、中、重度神经功能缺损组中血清PLR、Lp-PLA2及HCY水平两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。出院3周后随访结果显示,预后不良组中血清PLR、Lp-PLA2、HCY水平明显高于预后良好组[分别为(204.75±65.08)比(140.43±41.97),(282.99±77.49)μg/L比(216.29±71.89)μg/L,(21.76±7.02)μmol/L比(15.86±5.40)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为8.048、6.293、6.716,均P<0.05)。血清PLR、Lp-PLA2、HCY及三者联合诊断缺血性卒中曲线下面积分别为0.768、0.823、0.855、0.879(均P<0.01)。血清PLR、Lp-PLA2、HCY预测病例组短期预后的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.803、0.796、0.788。结论血清PLR、Lp-PLA2及HCY水平在缺血性卒中患者升高显著,联合检测具有较高的诊断效能,较好的临床预后评估价值,可成为早期预测缺血性卒中发生的生物学指标。     

基于磁敏感加权成像的pc-ASPECTS评分对后循环急性缺血性卒中预后的预测价值

目的探讨基于SWI的后循环Alberta卒中项目早期CT评分(posterior circulation Alberta stroke program early CT score,pc-ASPECTS)对后循环急性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)患者临床3个月预后的预测价值。方法回顾性连续收集来自河南省濮阳市人民医院神经内科2014年12月-2016年12月期间未接受静脉或动脉溶栓及血管内再通治疗的后循环AIS患者的临床及影像学数据。采用mRS评分评估发病后3个月预后,mRS评分0~2分定义为预后良好,3~6分定义为预后不良。使用多因素Logistic回归分析确定良好临床预后的独立预测因素。采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析来评估基于SWI的pc-ASPECTS评分对后循环AIS患者3个月预后的预测诊断价值。结果研究共收录63例后循环AIS患者,预后良好组42例(66.7%),预后不良组21例(33.3%)。单因素分析显示,入院时基线NIHSS评分(P0.001)、pc-ASPECTS评分(P0.001)在预后良好和预后不良组差异具有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析提示,pc-ASPECTS≥6分是后循环AIS患者3个月预后良好的独立预测因素(OR 2.03,95%CI 1.04~3.95,P=0.039);ROC曲线分析显示,基于SWI的pcASPECTS曲线下面积为0.80(95%CI 0.69~0.91)。结论在后循环AIS患者中,基于SWI影像的pc-ASPECTS评分可独立预测患者的3个月临床预后。     

高龄后循环脑梗死患者预后的相关影响因素分析

目的探讨高龄(年龄≥80岁)后循环脑梗死(PCI)患者的预后及其影响因素。方法收集233例高龄PCI患者的临床资料。根据发病3个月后的mRS评分,分为预后良好组和预后不良组。比较两组人口统计学和临床资料之间的差异,采用非条件Logistic回归法分析影响其预后的独立危险因素。结果预后不良组为66例(28.33%),与预后良好组相比,预后不良组心房纤颤(31.82%)和卒中/TIA史比率(27.76%)均明显高于预后良好组(17.96%,14.37%)(均P0.05)。预后不良组患者入院时NIHSS评分、血总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和纤维蛋白原(Fib)水平均明显高于预后良好组(均P0.05)。多元素Logistic回归分析显示,入院时NIHSS评分(OR=1.181,95%CI:1.054~1.325)、血LDL-C(OR=1.815,95%CI:1.085~3.039)和Fib(OR=2.106,95%CI:1.319~3.361)水平是高龄PCI患者预后不良的独立危险因素(均P0.05)。结论高龄PCI患者预后相对较差,入院时NIHSS、血LDL-C和Fib水平是高龄PCI患者发病3个月后预后不良的独立危险因素。     

Immunity and inflammation predictors for short-term outcome of stroke in young adults

Background: The current study was conducted to identify independent predictors of severity and short-term outcome of first-ever ischemic stroke in young adults.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 325 consecutive patients aged 18–49 years with first-ever ischemic stroke admitted to our center between April 2013 and June 2015. Variables were systematically registered and compared between patients with different neurological severity (mild stroke: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≤ 8 and severe stroke: >8) and different stroke outcome (favorable: modified Rankin scale score 0–2 and unfavorable: 3–5 or death) at 14 days after stroke onset.

Results: A total of 325 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There were 242 patients with mild stroke. They exhibited lower white blood cell (WBC), globulin, plasma glucose, fibrinogen (Fib) levels and higher albumin, albumin/globulin (A/G), free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that FT3 (≧3.18) and WBC (≧7.1) were independent predictors. There were 122 patients demonstrating an unfavorable outcome. Higher WBC, globulin, plasma glucose and Fib levels, lower albumin, FT3, A/G levels, higher NIHSS score and longer hospital stay were significantly associated with unfavorable outcome. In the logistic regression model, we found that A/G (≧1.56), FT3 (≧4.09) and WBC (≧7.1) were independent predictors for short-term outcome.

Conclusions: Our data suggested that higher A/G, FT3 levels served as independent predictors of favorable outcome, and a higher FT3 value may also predict mild stroke, while higher WBC may predict a poor functional outcome and severe stroke in patients with acute ischemia.     

Evaluation of routinely performed hematological and biochemical parameters for the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients

We have investigated serial changes in routine hematological and biochemical analysis in the follow-up samples collected from acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients (n = 17) at admission (0 h) and 24, 48, 72 and 144 h after admission, respectively, to determine their prognostic significance. Blood samples from age and sex matched healthy control subjects (n = 12) were also collected. We observed significant changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC), polymorph, lymphocyte, and total protein levels in discharged and expired AIS patients. These changes were more in expired AIS patient throughout the follow-up. Similarly low hemoglobin (Hb) and globulin were observed only in expired AIS patient. Thus ESR, WBC, polymorph, lymphocyte, and total protein may be used as a predictor for severity of AIS. Similarly low Hb and globulin in AIS patient may be used as a predictive biomarker for short-term mortality after AIS.     

幽门螺杆菌感染及同型半胱氨酸与急性缺血性卒中短期结局的相关性研究

目的 研究幽门螺杆菌（helicobacter pylori,Hp）感染及同型半胱氨酸（homocysteine,Hcy）与急性缺血 性卒中（acute ischemic stroke,AIS）短期结局的相关性。 方法 采用前瞻性队列研究的方法,纳入唐山工人医院2014年1-12月的120例首发AIS患者。入院后 测定Hp-IgG阳性率、Hcy水平,进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS）评分,收集其他可能影响短期结局的相关因素（包括一般临床资料及生化指标）。对患 者进行短期结局（发病2个月）改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin Scale,mRS）评分。 结果 ①短期结局不良组的Hp感染率及Hcy水平显著高于结局良好组,比较差异具有显著性（P ＜0.05）。②以AIS短期结局为应变量,单因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄、性别、基线NIHSS评分、Hp感 染及Hcy水平与AIS患者短期结局相关。③以AIS短期结局为应变量,单因素分析中P＜0.05的因素为自变 量,进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果显示年龄[比值比（odds ratio,OR）=1.021,P =0.017]、基线NIHSS 评分（OR =2.318,P＜0.001）、Hp感染（OR =1.038,P =0.008）、Hcy（OR =1.029,P＜0.001）与AI S患者短 期结局不良相关。 结论 Hp感染、高Hcy血症是AIS患者短期结局不良的危险因素。     

Low-normal free triiodothyronine and high leukocyte levels in relation to stroke severity and poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis

Background: It is uncertain that the effect of free triiodothyronine (FT3) within normal ranges on initial severity and early functional outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis (ICAS). The predictive values of white blood cell (WBC) and FT3 are also unclear in symptomatic ICAS (sICAS) patients.

Methods: We consecutively reviewed 848 ischemic stroke patients admitted into Xiangya Hospital within 72?h after symptom onset. sICAS was defined as AIS patient with degree of ICAS ≥50% proved by magnetic resonance angiography, computed tomography angiography or digital subtraction angiography. WBC and FT3 were assessed within 24?h after admission. Neurological severity was evaluated on admission using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Stroke outcomes were defined by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) on the 14th day after admission.

Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, lower FT3 and higher WBC concentrations independently associated with severe stroke [FT3 (odds ratio(OR)?=?0.543, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 0.383–0.769); hypertension (OR = 0.436, 95% CI: 0.238–0.800); WBC (OR = 1.17; 95% CI:1.041–1.316]. Besides, lower FT3, higher FT4, higher WBC and higher plasma glucose concentrations independently associated with unfavorable outcomes [FT3 (OR = 0.460; 95% CI: 0.306–0.690); FT4 (OR = 1.151; 95% CI: 1.055–1.255); WBC (OR = 1.178; 95% CI: 1.039–1.334); Plasma glucose (OR = 1.160; 95% CI: 1.002–1.342)].

Conclusions: Lower FT3 levels within normal ranges and higher WBC count are independently associated with the severity and early poor prognosis of sICAS simultaneously, FT3 and WBC count might be important biomarkers for sICAS patients.     

单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值与急性缺血性卒中静脉溶栓短期预后的关系

目的 探讨单核细胞与HDL-C比值（monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio，MHR）与急性缺血性卒中 （acute ischemic stroke，AIS）静脉溶栓短期预后的关系。 方法 回顾性纳入2015年1月1日-2017年12月1日在郑州大学第一附属医院神经内科急诊接受静脉 溶栓治疗的AIS患者。患者预后通过90 d mRS来评估，良好预后定义为mRS评分≤2分。采用多因素 Logistic回归分析MHR及其他基线资料与90 d预后的关系，应用ROC曲线评价MHR对预后的预测价值。 结果 共纳入281例患者，平均年龄59.54±12.49岁，男性183例（65.1%），良好预后223例（79.4%）。 多因素Logistic回归分析显示，高龄（OR 1.03，95%CI 1.01～1.06，P =0.013）、溶栓前NI HSS评分高（OR 1.31，95%CI 1.17～1.44，P＜0.001）和高MHR（OR 2.39，95%CI 1.10～5.25，P =0.028）是AIS静脉溶栓患 者90 d不良预后的独立影响因素。亚组分析显示，高MHR（OR 5.15，95%CI 1.28～20.77，P =0.021）是 大动脉粥样硬化型AIS静脉溶栓90 d不良预后的独立影响因素。ROC曲线分析显示，MHR预测预后不良 的最佳界值为0.48，其敏感度和特异度分别为79.41%和58.33%。 结论 MHR是AIS尤其大动脉粥样硬化型静脉溶栓短期预后的独立影响因素。     

血尿酸水平与急性缺血性卒中病情严重程度和预后的关系研究

目的 探讨急性缺血性卒中患者血清UA水平与病情严重程度及预后的关系。 方法 回顾性收集在深圳市第二人民医院神经内科2014年1月-2017年12月住院的急性缺血性 卒中患者。根据血UA水平进行三分位数分组：低分位数组（3.85～298.80）μmol/L、中分位数组 （299.80～398.00）μmol/L和高分位数组（402.30～702.10）μmol/L。多因素回归分析急性缺血性卒中 患者中病情严重程度及临床预后的危险因素，分层分析不同人群UA水平与病情严重程度及临床预后 的关系。 结果 227例入组患者中，UA低分位数组75例、中分位数组72例，高分位数组80例。调整混杂因素后， 相比低分位数组，UA高分位数组患者入院NIHSS评分下降2.16分（β=-2.16，95%CI -3.53～-0.78， P =0.002），发生早期神经功能恶化（early neurological deterioration，END）的风险下降60%（OR 0.40， 95%CI 0.16～0.97，P =0.042）。分层分析发现，在男性和既往无卒中史的患者中，随着UA水平升高，入 院NIHSS评分降低，END减少，差异具有统计学意义。 结论 高UA水平是急性缺血性卒中严重程度的保护因素，能降低END；其对男性和新发急性缺血性 卒中患者的保护性更明显。     

脑白质疏松与卒中复发相关性的meta分析

目的系统评价脑白质疏松在卒中复发风险预测中的价值。方法计算机检索Pub Med、Web of science、Embase及维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网等数据库截止2019年3月15日收录的关于脑白质疏松及卒中复发关系的文献。提取资料进行质量评价并进行meta分析,利用Begg’s漏斗图和Egger’s检验评估发表偏倚。结果最终纳入33篇文献,共34444例。meta分析显示,当结局指标为任何类型复发性卒中时,中重度组与轻度或无组比较(RR=1. 71,95%CI:1. 44～2. 04),I~2=55. 69%;有脑白质疏松组与无脑白质疏松组比较(RR=1. 79,95%CI:1. 43～2. 25),I~2=56. 26%;连续性分析组(RR=1. 81,95%CI:1. 47～2. 23),I~2=34. 63%。当结局指标为缺血性卒中时,中重度组与轻度或无脑白质疏松组比较(RR=1. 82,95%CI:1. 36～2. 42),I~2=48. 43%;有脑白质疏松组与无脑白质疏松组比较(RR=2. 13,95%CI:1. 37～3. 32),I~2=70. 64%;连续性分析组(RR=2. 01,95%CI:1. 13～3. 58),I~2=69. 78%。亚组分析结果显示脑白质疏松对于远期复发性卒中的预测价值更高。通过Begg’s漏斗图和Egger’s检验,仅当结局指标为任何类型复发性卒中时,中重度组与轻度或无脑白质疏松组比较有显著性发表偏倚,经剪补法校正后仍提示相关性。结论脑白质疏松对于复发性卒中具有预测价值。     

Combination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and homocysteine predicts the short-term outcomes of Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke

Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Early and accurate prediction of outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is important and influences risk-optimized therapeutic strategies. We investigated the changes in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and homocysteine (HCY) levels, two of the risk factors, during the acute period of AIS and evaluated the relationship between these levels and short-term prognosis.

Methods: We prospectively studied 189 patients with AIS who were admitted within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Serum Hs-CRP, HCY levels, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by the modified Rankin scale (mRS), 90 days after admission.

Results: The median serum Hs-CRP and HCY levels were significantly higher in AIS patients as compared to normal controls (P < 0·0001, respectively). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and HCY were independent prognostic markers of functional outcome and death (adjusted for age and the NIHSS) in patients with AIS. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the prognostic accuracy of the combined model (HCY and Hs-CRP) was higher compared to all measured biomarkers individually and the NIHSS score.

Conclusion: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and HCY are independent predictors of short-term outcome and mortality after AIS. The combined model may provide additional general prognostic information.     

A case control study of some hematological and biochemical variables in acute stroke and their prognostic value

Hematocrit, total white cell and platelet counts, plasma urea and creatinine concentrations were estimated in 291 patients (mean age 70 +/- 12 years) admitted consecutively over a 6-month period to a district general hospital with acute stroke. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was also determined in a subgroup of patients during a follow-up visit 3 months after ictus. Results were compared with those from age- and sex-matched community controls. Total white cell count was elevated in all types of stroke compared with values from control subjects. Platelet count, plasma urea and creatinine concentrations were higher and the plasma albumin/globulin ratio was lower among patients with ischemic stroke. Elevated total white cell count, urea and creatinine, which were of prognostic significance, were found to be associated with the severity of stroke as indicated by the Glasgow coma score, and did not have any independent prognostic value. Elevated hematocrit was not shown to be a risk factor and did not have any prognostic significance. A low plasma albumin/globulin ratio, an index of plasma viscosity, was a possible risk factor for ischemic strokes. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratios in the highest quintile increased the risk of stroke 13-fold.     

脑卒中患者早期下肢深静脉血栓形成的研究

目的探讨脑卒中患者早期下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的危险因素。方法对144例发病48 hrs内的脑卒中住院患者于入院后24 h内行D-二聚体(DD)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平测定,并于发病后3d和14d进行双下肢深静脉超声检测,确定下肢早期DVT的发生率;通过比较脑卒中后早发DVT组与非DVT组患者相关临床信息,筛选脑卒中后下肢DVT发生的危险因素。结果脑卒中后患者早期下肢DVT发生率为6.3%。Logistic回归分析显示中重度脑卒中、CPR及FIB升高是脑卒中患者早期DVT的独立危险因素。结论脑卒中患者是发生DVT的高危人群,对CRP、FIB升高的严重脑卒中患者进行DVT监测和预防是十分必要的。