立体定向移植骨髓间充质干细胞对脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠的治疗作用

目的 探讨立体定向途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)对脑梗死的疗效及作用机制.方法 全骨髓贴壁法分离、培养BMSCs,及应用流式细胞术鉴定;线栓法制作大鼠MCAO模型;粘附实验、改良神经功能损伤评分(modified neurological severity score,mNSS)和体质量评估大鼠的神经功能改善及体能恢复;免疫荧光法检测Brdu标记的BMSCs;免疫组织化学检测大鼠脑组织中Ki-67、Nogo-A、NSE、GFAP、SYN及VEGF的阳性细胞;Bielshowsky's-Luxol Fast Blue 双染检测大脑内神经纤维的增生情况.结果 BMSCs低表达CD34、CD45和CD11b,中表达CD106,高表达CD90、CD29.BMSCs组与对照组比较:大鼠的行为学功能(粘附实验和mNSS评分)显著好转(P<0.05);梗死侧脑组织SYN、Ki-67、GFAP和VEGF阳性细胞数显著增多(P<0.05),Nogo-A显著降低(P<0.05),NSE未见显著变化(P>0.05);梗死侧神经纤维再生增强.结论 立体定向途径移植BMSCs能促进脑梗塞受损的神经功能的恢复,并可能是通过增强内源性细胞增殖、突触重建、神经纤维修复和星形胶质细胞保护作用等机制发挥其疗效.     

颈动脉移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗脑梗死大鼠

目的 探讨颈动脉途径移植骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)治疗大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)大鼠的疗效及作用机制.方法 直接贴壁法分离培养、纯化和Brdu标记BMSCs;流式细胞仪鉴定BMSCs表面分化抗原CD90、CD29、CD106、CD34、CD45、CD11h;线栓法制作MCAO模型;颈动脉输注3×106 BMSCs治疗MCAO大鼠模型;改良神经功能损伤评分(mNSS)、黏附实验和体质量等评价大鼠的行为功能改善及体能恢复;Bielshowsky-Luxol Fast Blue双染检测神经纤维的变化;直接免疫荧光法检测Brdu标记的BMSCs;免疫组织化学检测大鼠脑组织神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经生长抑制因子(Nogo-A)、突触素(SYN)、增殖细胞核抗原(Ki-67)、神经胶质酸性蛋白(GFAP)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达.结果 BMSCs高表达CD90(91.70%)、CD29(88.40%)和CD106(52.20%),低表达CD34(2.70%)、CD45(5.65%)和CD11b(7.82%).BMSCs组与磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)组比较,MCAO建模后第21、28和35天的mNSS评分(4.89±1.36,7.00±1.67,3.78±1.30与6.33±1.21,2.44±1.13,5.67±1.51;t=2.69,3.83,4.75)和黏附实验时间(单位为秒;54.00±10.48,68.17±11.09,36.89±9.80与59.33±12.40,23.44±9.04,46.50±9.38;t=2.51,3.92,4.77)差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).MCAO建模后第35天,与PBS组比较,BMSCs组梗死侧的胼胝体面积显著增大,脑组织Brdu、SYN、Ki-67、GFAP和VEGF的阳性细胞明显增多,Nogo-A降低,NSE无明显变化,梗死体积差异无统计学意义.结论 颈动脉移植BMSCs能改善脑梗死大鼠的脑神经功能,其作用机制可能为促进内源性细胞增殖、血管再生和突触重建,增强神经纤维修复和星形胶质细胞保护功能.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and the detailed mechanisms of intraarterially delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs) for treatment of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats.Methods BMSCs were isolated,purified and amplified with the adherence culture method.BMSCs were labeled with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine ( BrdU ) (10 μmol/L) for 48 h before transplation.Surface antigens of CD90,CD29,CD106,CD34,CD45,CD11b were identified by flow cytometry.The MCAO model was established with suture emboli method.In this study,3×106 BMSCs were injected into rats with MCAO through intraarterial route at day 7 after stroke.The effects on functional and physical recovery were assessed with the behavioral tests (mNSS test and adhesive test) and body weight.Bielshowsky-Luxol Fast Blue double staining was used to demonstrate the reconstruction of axon and myelin.The Brdu-labeled BMSCs in vitro and in vivo were detected with direct immunofluorescent staining.The expression of neuron specific enolase ( NSE),neurite outgrowth inhibitor-A ( Nogo-A),synaptophysin (SYN),ki-67 nuclear antigen (Ki-67),glial fibrillary acid protein( GFAP),vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in brain were analyzed with immunohistochemical staining.Results Flow cytometry indicated that the positive rates of high expression of CD90,CD29,CD106 in BMSCs were respectively 91.70%,88.40% and 52.20%.Meanwhile,the positive rates of low expression of CD34,CD45,CD11b in BMSCs were 2.70%,5.65% and 7.82%,respectively.There was a significant difference in behavioral tests ( mNSS test and adhesive test) between BMSCs group and PBS group at day 21,28,35 after MCAO (mNSS:4.89 ±1.36,7.00 ±1.67,3.78 ±1.30 and 6.33 ±1.21,2.44 ±1.13,5.67 ± 1.51;t =2.69,3.83,4.75;adhesive test:54.00 ± 10.48,68.17 ± 11.09,36.89 ±9.80 and 59.33 ± 12.40,23.44 ± 9.04,46.50 ±9.38;t =2.51,3.92,4.77;P ＜0.05).Meanwhile,a significant difference in body weight was discovered between them at day 28,35 after MCAO.In BMSCs group,the area of corpus callosum in the ipsilateral hemisphere was significantly enlarged,the positive number of Brdu,SYN,Ki-67,GFAP,VEGF in brain was significantly increased,the expression of Nogo-A in brain was significantly decreased,nevertheless,the number of NSE-positive cells in brain and the infarct volume were not significant different from PBS group at day 35 after MCAO.Conclusions These results suggest that intra-arterial transplantation of BMSCs is an efficient treatment protocol for stroke.Treatment with BMSCs increases endogenous cells proliferation,angiogenesis,synaptogenesis,enhances axonal regeneration and the protective function of astrocytes,all of which may contribute to neurological functional recovery.     

BMSCs移植对大鼠脑梗死后神经功能恢复及Nogo-A表达的影响

目的探讨骨髓间充质干细胞（Bone Marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs）静脉移植对大鼠脑梗死后神经功能恢复及对Nogo-A表达的影响。方法将大鼠随机分成假手术组、模型对照组、溶剂对照组和移植组。全骨髓贴壁法分离培养大鼠BMSCs,线栓法制作大鼠MCAO模型;移植组自尾静脉注射BMSCs悬液,溶剂对照组注射磷酸盐缓冲液;造模成功后第3、7、14和21 d通过神经功能缺损程度评分,观察其恢复状况;RT-PCR法检测Nogo-AmRNA的表达水平,免疫组化方法检测Nogo-A蛋白的表达水平。结果移植组第7、14和21 d神经功能恢复优于对照组;移植组第3、14和21 d脑组织损伤区周边组织中Nogo-AmRNA表达水平和Nogo-A蛋白的表达水平较对照组降低（P〈0.05）。结论 BMSCs移植可促进大鼠脑梗死后的神经功能恢复,其作用机制可能与下调Nogo-A的表达水平有关。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗对大鼠脑梗死后神经再生抑制因素的影响

目的探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)静脉移植对大鼠脑梗死后Nogo-A、少突胶质细胞髓磷脂糖蛋白(OMgp)和髓磷脂相关糖蛋白(MAG)蛋白的影响。方法实验动物分成假手术组、损伤对照组、溶剂对照组和移植组,各组再分为3d、7d、14d和21d组。全骨髓贴壁法分离培养大鼠BMSCs,线栓法制作大鼠脑梗死模型。移植组自大鼠尾静脉注射BMSCs悬液1ml,溶剂对照组注射磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)。对各组动物进行神经功能缺损程度评分,免疫组化方法检测Nogo-A、OMgp和MAG的表达水平。结果移植组7、14和21d神经功能恢复优于对照组;移植组术后3、14和21d Nogo-A蛋白表达较对照组降低(P<0.05);移植组7、14和21d OMgp蛋白表达较对照组降低(P<0.05);移植组术后3、7、14和21d MAG蛋白表达较对照组降低(P<0.05)。结论 BMSCs移植可促进大鼠脑梗死后的神经功能恢复,其作用机制与下调Nogo-A、OMgp和MAG的表达有关。     

骨髓基质干细胞移植对脑损伤大鼠神经行为学和血管再生的影响

目的探索移植骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)对局灶性脑损伤大鼠的神经功能修复的作用及血管再生的影响,探讨BMSCs移植促进大鼠脑损伤修复的机制。方法 30只大鼠制备大鼠局灶性脑损伤动物模型,随机分为假手术组、脑损伤组和BMSCs移植组,每组10只大鼠。取供体鼠BMSCs,体外扩增,DAPI荧光标记。在脑立体定向仪引导下将BMSCs移植到脑损伤大鼠局部损伤灶边缘,于3d、7d及14d通过观察大鼠神经行为能力的变化,评价移植细胞后大鼠神经功能的修复情况;14d后取脑组织荧光显微镜观察移植细胞存活的情况,采用免疫组化法检测脑组织微血管密度(MVD)来评估血管再生情况、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管内皮生长因子受体(Flt-1、Flk-1)的蛋白表达情况。结果脑损伤组和BMSCs移植组于移植后3d时神经行为学评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在移植后7d、14d,BMSCs移植组与脑损伤组在神经行为学评分指标上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。BMSCs移植组与脑损伤组比较,脑组织微血管密度明显增加,VEGF和Flt-1、Flk-1表达明显增加。结论骨髓基质干细胞移植后可促进脑损伤大鼠神经功能的恢复,其机制可能与其增加VEGF和Flt-1、Flk-1表达促进血管再生有关。     

人脐带沃顿胶间充质干细胞移植对创伤性脑损伤大鼠脑损伤区微循环的影响

目的 探讨人脐带沃顿胶间充质干细胞(WJCs)对脑创伤区周围微循环的影响. 方法 72只健康SD大鼠采用随机数字表法分为4组:(1)假手术组;(2)移植对照组;(3)WJCs移植组;(4)正常组.每组18只.移植对照组和WJCs移植组采用Feeney自由落体硬脑膜外撞击法建立中度创伤性颅脑损伤模型,再分别注射0.3 mL的生理盐水和WJCs混悬液;假手术组颅骨钻孔后不损伤脑组织不移植细胞;正常组不做任何处理.分别于移植后3d及7d进行大鼠行为学评分;取移植后ld、3d、7d和2周的脑组织切片行免疫组织化学检测,检测大鼠损伤灶周围血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及CD34的表达;实时定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测的VEGF mRNA表达;测定微血管面密度(MVD);移植后2周和4周行免疫组化观察胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)蛋白表达水平. 结果 移植后7d,WJCs移植组大鼠mNSS评分明显高于移植对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).WJCs移植组移植后3d、7d和2周损伤灶周围皮层脑组织VEGF和CD34的表达均高于移植对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).移植后2周和4周WJCs移植组损伤区免疫组织化学染色均发现GFAP和NSE阳性细胞,其他3组均未发现.RT-PCR检测到WJCs组VEGF mRNA的表达量高于移植对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 WJCs移植后可增加损伤区脑组织VEGF及CD34阳性表达,参与调控损伤区微血管的变化,改善损伤区的微循环,促进大鼠神经功能的恢复.     

自体骨髓单核细胞移植对脑梗死的治疗作用

目的 观察自体骨髓单核细胞移植对大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)大鼠脑梗死体积、血脑屏障破坏程度及行为学评分等的影响,评价骨髓单核细胞移植对脑梗死的治疗价值. 方法 将72只成年雄性SD大鼠按完全随机数字表法分为假手术组、模型组、生理盐水组及骨髓单核细胞移植组,后三组采用线栓法制作MCAO大鼠模型.采用梯度离心法分离大鼠股骨骨髓腔中的单核细胞,并通过流式细胞术检测CD45+细胞比例.将分离得到的自体骨髓单核细胞经颈静脉途径移植到骨髓单核细胞移植组大鼠体内,生理盐水组大鼠给予等体积的生理盐水注射.造模后72 h时伊文氏蓝染色及脑组织含水量检测显示血脑屏障的破坏情况,造模后1d、3d、7d时通过Zea-Longer评分评价大鼠神经功能变化,最后一次Zea-Longer评分结束后TTC染色检测大鼠脑梗死体积. 结果 流式细胞术检测发现骨髓单核细胞中CD45+细胞的比例为91.2％.脑梗死体积、伊文氏蓝含量及脑组织含水量在模型组与生理盐水组中均较高,且相互比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；骨髓单核细胞移植组脑梗死体积、伊文氏蓝含量及脑组织含水量均明显下降,较模型组与生理盐水组差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Zea-Longer评分显示,除假手术组外,其余大鼠均有不同程度的神经功能缺损；造模后7d时骨髓单核细胞移植组神经功能评分明显改善,与模型组及生理盐水组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 骨髓单核细胞分离过程简单,利用其移植治疗脑梗死可以显著减轻脑损伤程度并促进神经功能恢复,对脑梗死具有很高的治疗价值.     

骨髓间充质干细胞立体定向移植治疗大鼠脑缺血损伤的实验研究

目的观察立体定向移植骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)治疗MCAO大鼠的效果并探讨其可能机制。方法用改良线拴法制作大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)模型。60只模型大鼠随机分为移植组(A组)、磷酸盐缓冲液溶液组(B组)与假手术组(C组)。在模型建立后7 d,通过立体定向方式将1×106个BMSCs移植入A组大鼠损伤侧纹状体,B组大鼠以同样方式在同样部位移植等体积的磷酸盐缓冲液,C组完成立体定向过程,但无液体注入。应用改良大鼠神经功能缺损评分(m NSS评分)、水迷宫测试观察大鼠神经功能恢复状况,并取大鼠脑组织行免疫组织化学染色。结果 A组m NSS评分优于B组、C组(P0.05);A组逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P0.05);跨越平台次数明显增多(P0.05)。A组大鼠在脑损伤中心及周围区,可见Brdu单染阳性细胞及Brdu+BDNF、Brdu+GFAP、Brdu+v WF、Brdu+VEGF双染阳性细胞。结论立体定向移植BMSCs可以显著改善MCAO大鼠神经功能恢复。     

骨髓基质细胞源神经干细胞对血管性痴呆大鼠行为及血管内皮生长因子蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)源神经干细胞对血管性痴呆大鼠行为及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达的影响.方法 建立大鼠血管性痴呆模型.32只健康Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为假手术组、缺血对照组、BMSCs移植组和BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组.于移植后30d对大鼠进行学习记忆能力检测,并应用免疫组化检测上皮干细胞蛋白(Nestin)和VEGF蛋白表达.结果 BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组、BMSCs移植组、血管性痴呆对照组大鼠学习记忆能力较假手术组下降.移植后30d各组神经功能均有不同程度的恢复,BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组大鼠的学习记忆能力显著优于BMSCs移植组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);BMSCs源神经干细胞移植组Nestine和VEGF阳性细胞多于BMSCs移植组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 BMSCs源神经干细胞移植可改善大鼠学习记忆能力、促进神经干细胞的增殖、增加VEGF蛋白表达,显著优于BMSCs移植.     

表皮生长因子对大鼠脑梗死后神经功能恢复的影响

目的 观察表皮生长因子（EGF）对大鼠脑梗死后神经功能恢复的影响。方法 采用肾血管性高血压大鼠制作一侧大脑中动脉皮层支闭塞（MCAO）模型。MCAO术后24 h，32只大鼠侧脑室注入10μl EGF（100μg/L），连续2d，共2μg（EGF组）；32只大鼠只注入不含EGF的等量溶液（对照组）。MCAO术后1、2、3和4w，行Bederson神经功能评分后，免疫印迹检测双侧大脑半球生长相关蛋白（GAP43）、突触囊泡蛋白（SYN）和胶质原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的表达。结果 与同期对照组相比，EGF组大鼠在MCAO术后1、2w神经运动功能恢复更好，脑梗死灶同侧半球GAP43、SYN和GFAP有更早期和更高表达（P<0.05）。结论 GAP43、SYN和GFAP等蛋白的早期高峰表达可能与EGF引起的早期神经可塑性改善有关。     

Sense of coherence as a predictor of subjective state of health: results of 4 years of follow-up of adults

A number of cross-sectional population studies have shown that a strong sense of coherence (SOC) is associated with various aspects of good perceived health. The association does not seem to be entirely attributable to underlying associations of SOC with other variables, such as age or level of education. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study reported here was to determine whether SOC predicted subjective state of health. METHODS: The study was carried out as a two-way panel mail survey of 1976 individuals with 4 years interval for two collections of data. The statistical method used was multivariate cumulative logistic modeling. Age, initial subjective state of health, initial occupational training level, and initial degree of social integration were included as potential explanatory variables. RESULTS: A strong SOC predicted good health in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: SOC can be interpreted as an autonomous internal resource contributing to a favorable development of subjective state of health. SOC data should, however, be regarded as complementary to and not a substitute for information already known to be associated with increased risk of future ill health.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

Bibliography of officers of department of mental hygiene

Psychiatric Quarterly -