Lamin B1在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯致大鼠尿道下裂发生中的表达变化

目的:利用邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(di-n-butyl phthalate,DBP)胚胎晚期暴露导致SD胎鼠尿道下裂发生的动物模型,验证Lamin B1在尿道下裂与正常胎鼠阴茎中的差异表达,以进一步探讨尿道下裂的发生机制?方法:妊娠14~18天 SD雌鼠20只,随机分为2组,实验组和对照组分别给予DBP 800 mg/(kg·d)和大豆油2 ml/d灌胃,孕期第19天剖宫产后记录雄性胎鼠肛门和生殖器之间的距离(AGD)?出生体重(BW)及尿道下裂发生数,取雄性胎鼠阴茎,运用免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学方法分析Lamin B1的表达情况?结果:实验组AGD/BW与对照组相比有显著性差异(P < 0.05);尿道下裂发生率为40%;Lamin B1在对照组的相对表达量为0.923±0.013(n=10),实验组为0.593±0.014(n=10),差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);Lamin B1主要定位于尿道上皮细胞,对照组染色强度明显强于实验组?结论:DBP灌胃期间改变了尿道组织中Lamin B1的表达,影响了细胞迁移和尿生殖褶的融合,这可能是尿道下裂发生的原因之一?     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯干预Fgfs信号通路致雄性仔鼠尿道下裂发生的分子机制研究

目的:通过验证邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕期染毒所致尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节内成纤维细胞生长因子(Fgfs)及其受体(Fgfr)信号通路中关键基因的表达异常,探讨其在DBP生殖毒性过程中的作用机制.方法:孕鼠20只,随机分2组,在怀孕(GD)14～18天期间,每天分别灌胃给予大豆油、DBP 750 mg/kg,出生后第1天(PND1),统计仔鼠出生数、尿道下裂发生率,称量雄性仔鼠体重,肛门至生殖器距离(AGD);PND7,取尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节,用实时定量(real-time quantitative)RT-PCR方法检测生殖结节中Fgf8、Fgf10、Fgfr2的mRNA表达水平.结果:DBP染毒后导致新生仔鼠与正常组相比数量明显减少,雄性仔鼠体重明显下降、AGD明显缩短,雄性仔鼠尿道下裂的发生率为48.83%.同时,与对照组相比,DBP致尿道下裂雄性仔鼠生殖结节中Fgf8、Fgf10、Fgfr2的mRNA的表达水平明显下降.结论:DBP对母体有着明显的毒性作用,DBP干预了Fgfs信号通路中关键基因的表达,这可能是DBP导致生殖结节发育异常,引起尿道下裂的重要原因.     

Wnt/β-catenin与NF-κB信号通路在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导雄性大鼠发生尿道下裂中的表达

目的: 利用邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕晚期暴露诱导子代SD大鼠发生尿道下裂,验证Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)及核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路中关键蛋白在胎鼠生殖结节中的差异表达,探讨该通路在DBP致大鼠生殖系统发育异常过程中的作用机制?方法:孕SD大鼠20只,随机分为DBP组和对照组,在妊娠(GD)14~18天,每天分别通过灌胃给予DBP和大豆油800 mg/kg,于GD 19天处死后取胎鼠,鉴别出DBP组中发生尿道下裂的雄性胎鼠及对照组中的雄性胎鼠,分为尿道下裂组与正常对照组,提取生殖结节组织,Western blot检测β-catenin?糖原合成酶-3β(GSK-3β)和NF-κB的表达情况?结果:DBP染毒后子代雄性胎鼠出生体重较对照组明显下降,肛门生殖器距离(AGD)明显缩短,尿道下裂发生率为46.7%,同时尿道下裂组与正常对照组中β-catenin相对表达量的比值为0.505±0.014(P < 0.05),GSK-3β与NF-κB相对表达量的比值分别为1.903±0.018和3.661±0.021(P均< 0.05)?结论:DBP可能通过干预生殖结节中Wnt/β-catenin和NF-κB信号通路的正常表达导致尿道下裂的发生?     

氟他胺建立SD大鼠尿道下裂模型的实验研究

目的采用抗雄激素类药物氟他胺诱导建立大鼠尿道下裂动物模型,为进一步研究尿道下裂发病的分子作用机制和治疗提供理论和实验依据。方法孕鼠20只,随机分成2组:生理盐水(normal saline,NS)对照组和氟他胺(Flutamide,Flu)组,每组10只。在孕12～17d时连续6d分别经皮下注射等量生理盐水或用生理盐水配制的氟他胺溶液(12.5mg.kg-1.d-1)。于孕18d解剖两只母鼠,提取雄性胎鼠生殖结节做病理切片,同时观察睾丸位置和前列腺发育情况。待孕鼠分娩完毕,即对仔鼠进行记数,并于出生后第2、13、28天测量肛门生殖器距离(anogenital distance,AGD)和称重;观察每组雄性仔鼠的尿道口和睾丸位置、乳晕数量及拍照。结果与对照组相比,氟他胺组雄性子代大鼠尿道下裂畸形发生率为100%,单侧隐睾发生率为31.25%,解剖观察无前列腺,出现乳晕数均为12个,AGD较对照组明显缩短,有显著统计学差异,但体重随着时间的推移无明显变化。结论用氟他胺可以诱导出稳定、直观的雄性大鼠尿道下裂模型,适宜推广。     

尿道下裂大鼠与正常大鼠睾丸蛋白质二维电泳图谱分析

目的:探讨二维电泳技术在尿道下裂大鼠与正常大鼠睾丸差异表达蛋白研究中的应用.方法:孕SD大鼠10只,随机分为2组,妊娠12～19天,实验组和对照组分别予邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)500mg/(kg·d)、大豆油5 ml/d灌胃,第2l天取出仔鼠睾丸,提取总蛋白,进行二维凝胶电泳分离和图像分析.结果:按照5倍的表达量计算,发现有差异表达的蛋白质点9个,5个点在尿道下裂大鼠睾丸中高表达,而在正常大鼠睾丸为低表达;相反,在正常大鼠睾丸中高表达的4个点,在尿道下裂者为低表达.结论:初步建立了正常和尿道下裂大鼠睾丸的二维电泳图谱,并发现两者之间存在一些差异表达蛋白,为进一步进行尿道下裂大鼠睾丸差异表达蛋白的分离及鉴定奠定了良好基础.     

细胞外信号调控激酶在邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯诱导的尿道下裂大鼠中的表达

目的在邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯[di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP]诱导的先天性尿道下裂大鼠模型上,研究细胞外信号调控激酶(extracellular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)1/2在DEHP暴露后的胎鼠阴茎中的表达变化,探讨尿道下裂发生机制。方法将SD孕鼠完全随机分为DEHP组[750 mg/(kg·d)DEHP+1.5 mL大豆油]和对照组(1.5 mL大豆油),每组20只,2组分别于母鼠怀孕天数(GD)第12～19天持续经口灌注给药。2组分别取10只孕鼠让其正常分娩,并计数每窝产雄性活仔鼠数量;出生后1、3、7、14、21、30日龄时称取雄性仔鼠体质量并测量肛门生殖器距离(anogenital distance,AGD);30日龄时逐个检查尿道下裂的发生情况。余孕鼠在GD20行剖宫产取雄性胎鼠,应用实时定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)和免疫组化方法分别检测胎鼠阴茎组织中ERK1/2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果 DEHP组孕期暴露诱导的尿道下裂发生率为28.2%。DEHP组每窝产雄性活仔鼠数量、各日龄雄性仔鼠体质量及AGD较对照组明显减少或缩短(P<0.01)。与对照组比较,DEHP组胎鼠阴茎组织中ERK1和ERK2 mRNA表达水平明显增加(P<0.05);DEHP组ERK1/2磷酸化蛋白表达水平有增加趋势。结论 DEHP诱导先天性尿道下裂发生可能与胎鼠阴茎组织中ERK信号的过度表达有关。     

塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯诱导大鼠尿道下裂的研究

目的采用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)宫内暴露诱导建立大鼠尿道下裂模型,观察DEHP的外生殖器毒性作用。方法孕鼠40只,完全随机分成4组:正常对照组和DEHP低中高3个剂量组[分别为500、750、1 000 mg/(kg.d)]。在怀孕天数(GD)第12～19天连续灌胃,出生后(PND)第1天即对新生鼠进行计数,称体质量和测量肛门至生殖器之间的距离(AGD);PND30测量阴茎长度,观察每组雄性仔鼠的尿道开口位置,判断有无尿道下裂及其严重程度并切取整个阴茎进行病理组织HE染色。结果与对照组相比,随着DEHP暴露剂量增大,每窝产活仔数及雄性活仔数均较对照组有显著减少;同时仔鼠的体质量减轻、AGD和阴茎长度缩短明显(P<0.05,P<0.01)。DEHP低、中、高剂量组诱导出雄性仔鼠尿道下裂发生率分别为10.7%、30.6%和37.0%,与正常对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.05,P<0.01);重型尿道下裂发生率分别为0、8.3%和22.2%;阴茎组织横截面石蜡切片HE染色予以验证。结论 DEHP大鼠宫内暴露成功建立尿道下裂模型,且对子代具有一定的发育和外生殖器毒性效应。     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯孕期暴露仔鼠阴茎组织乳酸脱氢酶B差异表达

目的:探讨邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)孕期暴露对仔鼠阴茎组织乳酸脱氢酶B(L-lactate dehydrogenase B,LDH-B)的影响,以进一步探讨LDH-B在DBP导致的尿道下裂中的作用机制。方法:将20只受孕大鼠随机分成2组,实验组10只,对照组10只。在大鼠怀孕第14～18天(GD14～18)2组分别给予灌胃,实验组给予DBP每天800mg/kg染毒孕鼠,对照组给予大豆油每天5ml,妊娠19天(GD19)分别取出仔鼠阴茎组织提取总蛋白,通过Western-blot及免疫组化检测LDH-B的表达。结果:实验组及对照组阴茎组织中均有LDH-B的表达,实验组的相对表达量为0.078±0.02(n=10),对照组的相对表达量为0.137±0.03(n=10),实验组中表达明显减少(P<0.05)。LDH-B主要定位于大鼠阴茎组织细胞的胞浆中。结论:孕期大鼠暴露邻苯二甲酸二丁酯后仔鼠阴茎组织中LDH-B表达明显减少,可能与DBP造成机体缺氧有关。     

对尿道下裂大鼠生殖结节中lncRNA表达的初步研究

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)诱导的尿道下裂大鼠生殖结节中的表达 方法 在孕鼠孕13-18天时按体重800mg/kg DBP溶于1ml玉米油灌胃,对照组每天给予1ml玉米油。于孕19天时取出胎鼠,分别取下灌药组发生尿道下裂和对照组雄性胎鼠的生殖结节,提取RNA,构建RNA测序文库测序。对测序结果的lncRNA进行筛选、差异分析和功能预测,再随机筛选4条lncRNA用qRT-PCR验证其表达量。结果 与对照组相比,尿道下裂组生殖结节中有195个差异lncRNA,136个差异mRNA,qRT-PCR结果与测序结果一致。差异lncRNA功能最多分布在生长激素释放激素受体的结合;分布最多的的信号通路为金葡菌感染通路 结论 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯诱导的尿道下裂雄性大鼠与正常雄性大鼠相比,其生殖结节中lncRNA和mRNA显著改变,lncRNA可能通过与mRNA相互作用参与到尿道下裂形成过程中生殖结节的发育。     

塑化剂DEHP与植物雌激素GEN孕期暴露对雄性子代大鼠发育影响

目的:探讨DEHP与GEN孕期暴露对雄性子代大鼠发育的影响。方法:30只孕鼠于孕3d(GD3)至孕20d(GD20),每天按分组方案灌胃,观察干预后对子代大鼠及亲代母鼠的影响。结果:孕期单一暴露于DEHP(250mg/kg)及GEN(400mg/kg),平均每窝活产只数、仔鼠只数、出生时性别比、子代雄鼠体重及AGD/体重1/3、母鼠体重变化等较对照组无显著性变化(P<0.05)。孕期同时暴露于DEHP(250mg/kg)与低剂量GEN(50mg/kg),子代雄鼠体重较对照组的显著性下降(P?0.05)。孕期同时暴露于DEHP(250mg/kg)与高剂量GEN(400mg/kg),子代雄鼠体重较其余四组均出现显著性下降(P?0.05)。结论:孕期DEHP与GEN同时暴露对雄性子代大鼠体重造成一定影响。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.