多指标正交设计优选白芍甘草(炙)药对提取物的最佳提取工艺

目的:优选白芍甘草(炙)药对提取物的最佳提取工艺。方法:采用正交设计法,通过高效液相色谱法以芍药内酯苷、芍药苷、芹糖甘草苷、甘草苷等成分的含量为指标综合评价,优化提取工艺。结果:最佳提取工艺为70%乙醇,5倍量回流提取2次,每次2 h。结论:优选的提取工艺稳定,可行。     

Determination of the Active Constituents in Yinchenhao Decoction and the Rationality of its Extraction Process

目的 测定茵陈蒿汤效应成分,优化其提取工艺.方法 选择茵陈蒿汤中的各药味的不同极性活性成分绿原酸、栀子苷、大黄素为指标,用HPLC法测定含量,采用综合评分法选择提取方式,并用L9(34)正交设计优化工艺参数.结果 茵陈蒿汤饮片加入6倍量70％乙醇,回流提取2次,每次1.0h为最佳工艺参数.结论 优化的提取工艺较古方原工艺和现代煎煮法能更合理地兼顾各类极性活性成分的提取效率,大大提高药材的利用率,工艺稳定、科学可靠.     

多指标综合评价优选丹参提取工艺

目的 优选丹参脂溶性及水溶性成分最佳提取工艺.方法 采用正交设计,以丹参酮ⅡA、丹酚酸B为测定指标,用高效液相色谱法测定其含量,并以二者含量为综合指标,加权评分,优选最佳提取工艺.结果 最佳提取工艺为：6倍量70％乙醇,提取3次,每次2.5 h.结论 优选的提取工艺合理、可行.     

闪式提取法提取五味子醇溶性有效成分的工艺研究

目的：优化闪式提取法提取五味子醇溶性有效成分的最佳工艺。方法以五味子乙素含量为考察指标,通过单因素考察试验,首先确定影响因素的显著性及影响范围,采用正交实验设计方法,优化闪式提取五味子醇溶性有效成分的最佳工艺。结果最佳工艺条件：10倍量浓度为80％乙醇浸泡4 h,闪式提取100 s。结论闪式提取法是一种高效、快速、简单的提取方法,适合醇溶性有效成分的提取。     

正交优选柿叶总黄酮提取工艺及其抗氧化研究

目的研究柿叶总黄酮的最佳提取工艺及其抗氧化活性。方法采用单因素试验与正交试验,以柿叶总黄酮提取率为评价指标,筛选出最佳提取工艺;以柿叶总黄酮体外清除DPPH自由基能力为指标,评价其抗氧化活性。结果柿叶总黄酮的最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度70%,料液比1∶10,提取时间1 h,提取2次,提取率在0.68%;柿叶总黄酮体现出良好的抗氧化活性,对DPPH自由基的体外清除率可达80.23%。结论柿叶总黄酮是一种安全、高效的抗氧化剂,其提取工艺稳定可行,可用于工业化生产。     

响应面分析法优化后淫羊藿提取物抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究响应面分析法优化后的淫羊藿提取物抗氧化活性。方法:应用单因素试验结合响应面分析法,以抗氧化体外测定结果为指标对淫羊藿抗氧化成分的提取工艺进行优化,在单因素试验的基础上选择因素与水平,根据中心组合实验(Box-Behnken)设计原理,采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法确定最佳工艺,通过线虫寿命试验验证抗氧化效果。结果:淫羊藿的最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度83.00℃、提取时间3.07 h、溶剂体积10.18 m L/g。此条件下淫羊藿提取物抗氧化能力最强且线虫平均寿命较长。结论:该提取工艺实际操作简单,能耗少,使淫羊藿提取物的抗氧化活性显著增强。     

Box-Behnken响应面法优化乌榄叶中酚类成分的提取工艺研究

目的 优化乌榄叶中酚类成分的提取工艺.方法 以乌榄叶中6个指标性成分的质量分数和浸出物收率为综合指标,通过单因素试验结合Box-Behnken响应面法,研究不同提取方式、乙醇体积分数、液料比、提取时间和提取次数对乌榄叶中酚类成分提取工艺的影响,优选最佳提取工艺.结果 最佳提取工艺为:乙醇体积分数为56%,液料比为50∶1(mL∶g),提取时间为78 min,回流提取1次;3次验证试验综合评分结果为98.60±0.47,与模型预测值97.58接近.结论 响应面法回归方程拟合度良好,适合用于乌榄叶提取工艺的回归分析和参数优化.     

多指标综合评分法优选舒筋通络颗粒提取工艺

目的 优选舒筋通络颗粒最佳提取工艺。方法 根据处方的功能主治和药物成分的性质,以芍药苷、总生物碱的含量及浸膏得率为考察指标,采用正交试验法,以多指标综合评分筛选最佳提取工艺。结果 舒筋通络颗粒最佳提取工艺为加水8倍量,浸泡1.5 h,提取3次,每次1.5 h。结论 优选的提取工艺科学、合理,适于大规模生产。     

野菊花总黄酮的闪式提取工艺优选

目的:优选野菊花总黄酮闪式提取工艺。方法:以野菊花中总黄酮的提取率为指标,采用正交实验设计,探讨乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间和提取次数对提取率的影响,采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量。结果:野菊花总黄酮闪式提取的最佳提取工艺条件:乙醇浓度为60%、料液比为20:1,提取时间为1.5min,提取次数为3次。结论:该闪式提取工艺简单、稳定、合理可行。     

正交试验法优选护肝颗粒水提工艺

目的:优选护肝颗粒水提工艺。方法:应用HPLC和正交试验,以护肝颗粒中活性成分虎杖苷提出量、全方收膏率的综合评分为考察指标,以提取时间、提取次数、加水量3个因素设计L9(34)正交试验优选护肝颗粒水提工艺。结果:最佳水提工艺为加10倍量水回流提取2次,每次1 h。结论:优选的提取工艺稳定可靠,可用于护肝颗粒的生产制备。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…