癌相关成纤维细胞与肿瘤发生发展关系的研究进展

癌相关成纤维细胞（ carcinoma－associated fibroblasts,CAF）是肿瘤—宿主界面微环境中最重要的宿主细胞。 CAF通过分泌不同的细胞因子在肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭和转移过程中发挥着重要作用,CAF是促进肿瘤血管生成的重要因素,从而间接促进肿瘤的发展,同时CAF与肿瘤的代谢、临床分期等也密切相关。研究CAF在肿瘤发生发展中的作用机制有助于进一步地明确针对肿瘤的靶向治疗。本文综述了CAF的特征、异质性、来源和遗传改变,并对CAF在肿瘤发生发展中的作用进行了总结。     

人和猪脱细胞真皮体外构建活性真皮替代物的对比研究

目的 观察异体和异种脱细胞真皮支架(ADM)对体外构建的活性人工真皮生物学活性的影响.方法 体外培养、扩增人皮肤成纤维细胞后,按2.5×105个/cm2密度分别接种于异体(人)脱细胞真皮(hADM)、异种(猪)脱细胞真皮(pADM)支架表面进行复合培养.动态观测细胞生长情况及活性真皮替代物的组织结构,并观测复合培养3、6、10 d培养上清中IL-6、透明质酸(HA)的变化.结果 人皮肤成纤维细胞在人和猪的脱细胞真皮支架上粘附、生长良好,均可形成细胞膜片并向支架内生长.在接种人皮肤成纤维细胞后,hADM组和pADM组培养上清液中均可检测出逐渐增高的IL-6和HA.复合培养第6、10天,hADM组和pADM组均显著高于单层成纤维细胞培养组(P＜0.05),但两组间并无统计学差异.结论 人皮肤成纤维细胞接种于hADM和pADM进行体外复合培养后均可构建具有生物学活性的人工真皮,就成纤维细胞的生物学活性而言.二者之间并无差别.     

肌成纤维细胞转化在恶性肿瘤转移过程中的作用

肿瘤转移过程是一个多因素调控、多步骤协同的交互过程。肿瘤微环境中肌成纤维细胞转化是促进肿瘤及转移发生的重要病理过程,这一过程可以通过以下作用实现:(1)构成适合肿瘤细胞生长的代谢体系;(2)提供立体生长形态支架;(3)促进肿瘤细胞上皮间质转化;(4)分泌血管内皮生长因子,促进微循环形成;(5)形成鞘状结构保护肿瘤细胞免受药物及免疫细胞伤害;(6)分泌生长因子和细胞炎性因子,促使纤维细胞和成纤维细胞发生肌成纤维细胞转化。而以上作用很可能是化痰类和活血化瘀类中药抗癌、抗转移的核心作用机制。     

癌相关成纤维细胞作用机制的研究进展

癌相关成纤维细胞(Cancer-associated fibroblasts,CAFs)从功能和表型上区别于正常组织中的成纤维细胞。这些细胞合成多种多样的生物因子,促进肿瘤细胞的生长和浸润。由此可见,研究癌相关成纤维细胞作用机制是很重要的。     

口腔癌相关成纤维细胞对舌癌细胞株增殖活性的影响

目的本研究拟通过体外实验观察口腔癌相关成纤维细胞(carcinoma-associated fibroblasts,CAFs)对舌癌细胞增殖能力的影响。方法建立口腔CAFs与舌癌细胞株Tca8113的交互作用模型,对Tca8113进行形态学观察,并通过MTT法及流式细胞术,观测口腔CAFs对Tca8113增殖活性及细胞周期的影响。结果CAFs和Tca8113直接混合培养组的Tca8113细胞形态及生长方式发生变化;与正常成纤维细胞(normal fibroblasts,NFs)相比,CAFs增强了Tca8113的增殖活性(P<0.05),并提高了处于S期和G2期的癌细胞的比例(48.1%vs40.0%)。结论口腔CAFs可在体外促进舌癌细胞株Tca8113的增殖,提示其在口腔鳞癌发展中起重要作用。     

壳多糖对不同来源成纤维细胞生物学特性的影响

目的:探讨壳多糖对异常瘢痕成纤维细胞生物学活性的作用.方法:以瘢痕疙瘩及增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞为研究对象,正常皮肤成纤维细胞为对照,用含0、0.01%、0.02%、0.04%、0.08%、0.16%、0.24%、0.48%壳多糖培养液对不同来源成纤维细胞体外培养72 h.MTT法检测不同来源成纤维细胞生长增殖情况,24 h 3H-脯氨酸标记法检测胶原的相对量,定量酶联免疫试剂盒检测TGF-β1、b-FGF、IL-8含量,同时观察细胞形态的变化.结果:不同浓度壳多糖呈剂量依赖性抑制不同来源成纤维细胞增殖及胶原、TGF-β1、b-FGF的分泌,同时促进IL-8的分泌,且对异常瘢痕组织的作用明显强于正常皮肤(P<0.05,P<0.01), 而瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕组间无明显差异.不同来源成纤维细胞无明显形态结构区别.结论:壳多糖可以抑制瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的生长、增殖、合成及分泌胶原功能,有望在异常瘢痕的防治中发挥重要作用.     

Th9细胞对非小细胞肺癌患者CD_8~+T 细胞抗肿瘤活性的调控作用

目的:观察并分析Th9细胞及其分泌的白细胞介素-9(IL-9)对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者CD_8~+T细胞抗肿瘤活性的影响。方法:选择32例NSCLC患者(肺癌组)和11例健康对照者(对照组)。分离肺癌组血浆、外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)、肿瘤部位和非肿瘤部位的支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)及对照组血浆和PBMCs,检测Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和转录因子PU.1 mRNA相对表达量。纯化肺癌组Th9细胞、CD_8~+T细胞和原代NSCLC细胞,使用重组IL-9刺激CD_8~+T细胞,观察细胞增殖和分泌穿孔素、颗粒酶B水平。建立Th9细胞、CD_8~+T细胞与原代NSCLC细胞的共培养细胞,观察IL-9对CD_8~+T细胞的细胞杀伤功能和非细胞杀伤功能的影响。组间比较采用t检验、配对t检验或Wilcoxon配对检验。结果:肺癌组外周血Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和PU.1 mRNA相对表达量低于对照组(均P<0.0001),肺癌组肿瘤部位分离的BALF中Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和PU.1 mRNA相对表达量低于非肿瘤部位(均P<0.0001)。IL-9刺激可增加肺癌组CD_8~+T细胞增殖和穿孔素、颗粒酶B分泌,IL-9刺激还可提升肺癌组CD_8~+T细胞对原代NSCLC细胞的细胞杀伤和非细胞杀伤功能,主要表现为细胞死亡比率增加、干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分泌升高。Th9细胞也可提升肺癌组CD_8~+T细胞对原代NSCLC细胞的细胞杀伤和非细胞杀伤功能,抗IL-9中和抗体可抑制Th9细胞对CD_8~+T细胞功能的调控作用。结论:Th9细胞可能通过分泌IL-9在体外增强NSCLC患者CD_8~+T细胞的抗肿瘤功能。     

炎症因子IL-23对黑色素瘤B16F10细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响

目的：探讨白细胞介素-23（IL-23）对黑色素瘤B16F10细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响。方法：体外培养小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10细胞,采用MTT法检测IL-23对B16细胞增殖能力的影响;Transwell侵袭实验检测IL-23对B16细胞侵袭能力的影响;咀胶酶谱法分析IL-23处理后肿瘤细胞B16细胞分泌MMP-2和MMP-9的活性表达情况。免疫印迹杂交法检测IL-23处理组肿瘤细胞核转录因子KBP65（NF—KBP65）的表达水平。结果：与对照组相比,IL-23处理组B16F10细胞穿膜数明显增多（P〈0．01）;肿瘤细胞MMP-2和MMP-9的表达活性增强（P〈0．01）;核转录因子NF—KBP65的表达水平显著提高（P〈0．01）：B16细胞的增殖能力未见明显变化（P〉0．05）。结论：IL-23对黑色素瘤B16F10细胞的增殖能力无影响,可通过上调MMP-2和MMP-9的活性促进肿瘤细胞侵袭,其分子机制可能与NF—KB信号通路的激活相关。     

癌相关成纤维细胞作用机制的研究进展

癌相关成纤维细胞（Cancer-associated fibroblasts,CAFs）从功能和表型上区别于正常组织中的成纤维细胞。这些细胞合成多种多样的生物因子,促进肿瘤细胞的生长和浸润。由此可见,研究癌相关成纤维细胞作用机制是很重要的。     

肺癌细胞自分泌collagen Ⅰ在三维培养中促进肺癌细胞的生长

目的 研究肺癌细胞自分泌的胶原Ⅰ型(collagen Ⅰ)在肺癌细胞三维培养的作用.方法 通过免疫组化和RT-PCR证实肺癌细胞表达collagen Ⅰ;采用sh-collagen Ⅰ方法干扰肺癌细胞的表达,正常肺癌细胞作为对照组;用成纤维细胞的上清液刺激肿瘤,RT-PCR检测collagen Ⅰ的表达.结果 肺癌细胞分泌collagen Ⅰ;发现敲除collagen Ⅰ的肺癌细胞的三维生长受到限制:其生长率下降,三维培养中克隆形成减少.采用成纤维细胞培养细胞上清液刺激肿瘤细胞,肺癌肿瘤细胞自分泌的collagen Ⅰ表达发生改变,肿瘤自分泌的collagen Ⅰ可以维持自身生长的需要并受到微环境中非细胞外基质的调控.结论 肺癌细胞自分泌的collagen Ⅰ对肿瘤的生长有着重要作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.