尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣组织病理和超微结构的鉴别研究

对６５例尖锐湿疣及２７例假性湿疣进行组织病理及超微结构观察。尖锐湿疣的组织病理特征为表皮角化过度伴角化不全，棘层肥厚，表皮突延长，表皮内散在或群集的空泡细胞，真皮乳头部毛细血管增生、扩张，其周围有淋巴细胞及组织细胞浸润；假性湿疣外型呈乳头瘤样突起，其粘膜上皮与正常粘膜相似，呈分布均匀、大小一致的空泡样，无异形性，粘膜上皮包绕的疏松结缔组织中毛细血管扩张。尖锐湿疣的超微结构特征为表皮各层细胞核增大、肿胀，有些增生的核中可见１～３个核内小体及染色质间颗粒和染色质周围颗粒；假性湿疣未见核内小体，亦未见染色质间颗粒和染色质周围颗粒，结缔组织中毛细血管扩张。以上不同点有助于尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣的鉴别诊断。     

女阴尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣临床病理对比分析

目的 探讨女阴尖锐湿疣及假性湿疣的临床病理特点及鉴别诊断。方法 对304例患者的临床病理特点进行观察比较，其中88例做免疫组化人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）检测。结果 部位：尖锐湿疣多为两个以上部位同时发生（44.56%)，而假性湿疣多只限于一个部位（80.18%)（P＜0.01）。局部表现：两者均形成乳头状突起，但尖锐湿疣常融合成菜花状。组织学观察：对两组的8项病理变化进行比较分析均有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。免疫组化染色：尖锐湿疣细胞核阳性率为60.38%，假性湿疣阴性。结论 诊断性凹空细胞及人乳头瘤病毒检测阳性是目前诊断尖锐湿疣及鉴别假性湿疣的重要依据。     

女性生殖道HPV感染临床病理及PCR检查分析

目的探讨ＰＣＲ在女性生殖道ＨＰＶ感染诊断中的价值。方法对临床诊断为尖锐湿疣及假性湿疣的７０例患者，取活体标本及宫颈分泌物做病理学及聚合酶链反应检查。结果ＰＣＲ检查活体标本尖锐湿疣阳性率为１００％；假性湿疣为５１％；宫颈分泌物ＰＣＲ，尖锐湿疣阳性率为９５６％；假性湿疣阳性率为５４％，与活体标本ＰＣＲ检查无显著性差异且与组织病理学检查有显著性差异。结论ＰＣＲ技术诊断人乳头瘤病毒感染诊断率高，认为假性湿疣与ＨＰＶ感染有关。     

尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣细胞核形态定量分析

目的 :探索图像分析法用于鉴别尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣的可能性。　 方法 :用图像分析仪测定尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣空泡细胞核和基底细胞核的形态特征。　 结果 :2 4 0例疣状病变 ,经HPV DNA原位分子杂交检测 ,其中 146例阳性 ,阳性率 61%。选尖锐湿疣和假性湿疣各 2 0例的HE染色切片 ,用图像分析仪测定上皮浅层的空泡细胞核和基底细胞核的七项形态参数 ,经统计学分析 ,证实两组间存在显著差异 ,并得出了尖锐湿疣诊断性凹空细胞的定量范围 ,即平均核截面积>30 μm2 ,平均核截面周长 >2 1μm,核圆球度 <0 .71。　 结论 :图像分析为我们鉴别尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣提供了一种新的手段     

182例女性尖锐湿疣及假性湿疣的临床与病理分析

目的探讨尖锐湿疣及女阴假性湿疣的临床病理学特点及鉴别诊断.方法回顾性分析本院2008年1月至2011年12月收治的女性外阴及肛周的85例尖锐湿疣与97例假性湿疣患者的临床资料,比较两组患者的临床及病理学特点,所有病例做人乳头瘤病毒检测.结果尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣的上皮均呈乳头状结构,但尖锐湿疣常融合成菜花状.HPV免疫组化染色,尖锐湿疣HPV-Ag阳性44例,HPV6/11阳性78例,假性湿疣均为阴性,呈显著性差异,P<0.05.结论灶状分布空泡细胞及人乳头瘤病毒检测阳性是目前诊断尖锐湿疣及鉴别假性湿疣的重要依据.     

外阴假性湿疣的阴道镜与病理学研究

经阴道镜和病理学诊断为假性湿疣共147例，并与同期129例尖锐湿疣作对照，发现假性湿疣在阴道镜下表现为双侧小阴唇内侧面对称密集分布的单乳头状或泡状突起，无分枝结构，缺乏毛细血管袢，涂醋酸不变色。阴道镜下可分水泡状增生型及丝状增生型。病理检查与尖锐湿疣不同，仅见鳞状上皮较度增生，缺乏论断性的空泡细胞。人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）免疫组化染色及HPV—DNA分子杂交检测均为阴性。阴道镜及病理检查是诊断本病的可靠方法。     

女阴尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣的临床和病理鉴别诊断

目的：探讨尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣的鉴别诊断。方法：对60例外阴活检组织进行临床与病理的比较观察，并应用免疫组织化学方法，对人乳头状瘤病毒抗核抗原进行检测。结果：60例中尖锐湿疣占31．3％，假性湿疣占50％，非特异性女阴炎占36．7％，本文着重对尖锐湿疣和假性湿疣作出鉴别诊断。结论：女阴尖锐湿疣与假性湿疣临床、组织学各有特点，免疫组织化学有助于诊断。     

94例女阴假性湿疣的临床研究

目的 :探讨女阴假性湿疣的临床特征 ,以免误诊为尖锐湿疣。方法 :经病理诊断的女阴假性湿疣 94例 ,并与同期 84例尖锐湿疣对照 ,对比临床特征、阴道镜下征象、病理检查及HPV -Ag结果。结果 :假性湿疣多无不洁性生活 ,外观为 1～ 2mm颗粒状增生物 ,光滑 ,阴道镜下呈小泡状及丝状、手指状增生 ,病理切片见表皮增厚 ,棘层浅层可见空泡样细胞 ,HPV -Ag阴性。结论 :通过临床症状 ,借助阴道镜检查 ,对女阴假性湿疣可做出诊断 ,必要时行病理检查及HPV -Ag检测     

甲苯胺蓝及冰醋酸试验诊断尖锐湿疣

采用5%冰醋酸溶液外涂17例尖锐湿疣51个损害,全部受试损害不同程度变为淡白色至苍白色,周围正常组织及85例其它病毒性及非病毒性344个损害全无变色现象。1%甲苯胺蓝溶液涂擦尖锐湿疣等病毒性损害及鳞状细胞癌则不同程度染成蓝色;而其它疾病损害不着色。从而为临床诊断尖锐湿疣提供一种简单可行方法,特别在与女阴假性湿疣鉴别中可取代活组织检查。     

尖锐湿疣与女阴假性湿疣的临床病理分析

本文对３３９例尖锐湿疣及３０７例假性湿疣的活检资料进行了统计分析．尖锐湿疣有２１％的病变累及两个或两个以上部位；夫妻（性侣）同患者占１．２％，伴轻度非典型增生的３．５％；９１．６％的表皮层内见挖空细胞．假性湿疣病变以双侧小阴唇内侧多见；不伴非典型增生；上皮浅层细胞水肿空泡化似蓝球网状结构占３０．１％；细胞核呈退行性固缩占２６．９％．文章对两者的病因、临床病理及诊断治疗进行了初步探讨．     

慢性捆绑应激致大鼠海马CA3区锥体细胞超微结构的变化

目的 观察慢性捆绑应激紧张对大鼠海马神经元超微结构的影响。方法 实验组采用捆绑器每天捆绑6h，21d后用透射电镜观察海马CA3区锥体细胞超微结构的变化。结果 实验组海马CA3区锥体细胞细胞器减少，粗面内质网局部扩张井脱颗粒；线粒体肿胀，嵴数量减少；脂褐素增加；核膜内陷，核内外有空泡。结论 慢性捆绑应激导致大鼠海马CA3区锥体细胞退化。     

Ultrastructure Characteristics of Different Chinese Medicine Syndromes of Helicobacter pylori-Correlated Gastric Diseases

Objective: To explore the ultrastructure characteristics of patients with dampness-heat of Pi (Spleen)-Wei (Stomach) syndrome (DHPW) and Pi-qi deficiency syndrome (PQD), both of which are Helicobacter pylori (Hp)-correlated gastric diseases (HPCG), and implicate a helpful hint for the clinical microcosmic syndrome differentiation. Methods: Fourteen gastric mucosa samples from 6 chronic gastritis (CG) and 6 active peptic ulcer (including 8 DHPW, 4 PQD) as well as 2 healthy volunteers were collected and tested for Hp infection. The ultrastructure of gastric mucosa was observed under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: Among 14 gastric mucosa samples, 8 of them were Hp positive (6 DHPW and 2 PQD), which were all accordance with the results screened by supermicro-pathological method. Under TEM, the normal gastric mucosa, with tidy microvilli and abundant in mucus granules, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum distributed evenly, and with smooth nucleus membrane. But in those specimens of DHPW with Hp infection, microvilli were presented with burr shape. Especially, those samples from dampness heat syndrome with predominant heat type (DHSH) patients were more obvious, with microvilli damaged, mitochondria concentrated and distributed in disorder, secretory tubule extended. In dampness-heat syndrome with predominant dampness type (DHSD) patients, mucus granules aggregated obviously, mitochondria swelled and blurred, and rough endoplasmic reticulum crowded. For 2 samples of DHPW without Hp infection, their microvilli were intact, with mitochondria increased and gathered but well-distributed, and secretory tubule extended mildly. In 2 PQD patients with Hp positive, the specimens of microvilli were sparse, and their mucus granules and mitochondria were decreased, with fractured crests and vacuole, secretory tubules extension to nucleus membrane, and rough endoplasmic reticulum extension in a pool-like way, and nucleus condensed. The 2 samples from PQD patients without Hp infection were characterized with intact microvilli, decreased mitochondria, fractured crest and extended rough endoplasmic reticulum in a pool-like way. Conclusion: It is obvious different in ultrastructure of DHPW and PQD patients under TEM, which may give a helpful hint for the microcosmic syndrome differentiation of HPCG.     

女阴尖锐湿疣超微结构及免疫组化研究

对６例活检的女阴尖锐湿疣标本进行了光镜、电镜及免疫组化研究。超微结构观察显示,棘细胞层细胞核周线粒体高度肿胀,嵴消失,胞浆明显空泡化,并在２例“挖空细胞”核内发现病毒颗粒不规则聚集成团。免疫组化染色表明,人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）阳性细胞多位于颗粒层和棘细胞层,阳性反应几乎都出现在挖空细胞核内。提示尖锐湿疣与ＨＰＶ感染密切相关,“挖空细胞”的形成是ＨＰＶ感染后细胞核与胞浆变性所致,其实质是一种亚细胞结构变性的细胞。     

鼻咽泡状核细胞癌超微结构的研究

目的观察泡状核细胞癌的超微结构及免疫组化特点,探讨其病因、组织起源与分型等问题。方法收集18例鼻咽泡状核细胞癌的活检标本,应用常规HE染色及免疫组化染色,其中10例于活检同时进行常规电镜制片。结果电镜下1例癌细胞核内见有直径约45nm的电子致密颗粒,考虑为乳头多瘤空泡病毒。癌细胞胞质泡状系统占优势,而张力微丝少见,桥粒发育不良,应将其列为柱状细胞癌,癌组织可能起源于鼻咽纤柱上皮的中间细胞或基底细胞。免疫组化CK-HMW染色,大多数呈阳性反应。结论电镜与免疫组化观察有助于泡状核细胞癌的病理鉴别诊断。     

CD_3AK细胞系的超微结构观察

目的观察CD_3AK细胞系的超微结构及其与杀伤功能相关的特征。方法用透射电镜观察有代表性的细胞的超薄切片。结果胞膜较完整,有少量突起,外形不规则,周围未见支原体污染。胞质中有膜泡分泌颗粒;大量游离核糖体,少量脂滴和线粒体;未见溶酶体。有的细胞胞质和细胞器较少。核形状不规则,常有凹陷,核染色质聚集成大块状。结论所建CD_3AK细胞系透射电镜下的超微结构具正常T淋巴细胞的特征,胞质中有与杀伤靶细胞相关的颗粒结构。     

二丁酰环磷腺苷及二甲基亚砜对人肺腺癌AGZY83a细胞超微结构影响的动态观察

应用二丁酰环磷腺苷及二甲基亚砜诱导分化体外培养的人肺腺癌AGZY-83a细胞,发现可抑制细胞增殖。透射电镜连续观察发现,诱导后的细胞核变小而规则,细胞器增多,细胞表面微绒毛减少。而且二甲基亚矾使AGZY-83a细胞分化更成熟,胞质内有“嗜锇性板层小体”结构,细胞间有分化成熟的桥粒连结。两种药物对AGZY-83a细胞超微结构的不同分化诱导作用,可能与药物的作用机制有关。     

愈痫灵颗粒对戊四氮致痫大鼠海马CA3区超微结构及认知功能障碍的影响

目的探讨愈痫灵颗粒（YXL）对痫性大鼠海马CA3区超微结构及认知功能障碍的影响。方法采用腹腔注射戊四氮点燃癫痫大鼠模型,随机分为癫痫模型组、愈痫灵颗粒干预组、丙戊酸钠干预组、拉莫三嗪干预组、正常对照组共5组：跳台实验测试大鼠的学习记忆能力,透射电镜观察海马CA3区超微结构。结果造模后反应期和学习成绩比较。正常组与其它各组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,潜伏期和记忆成绩比较,正常组与其它各组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;抗痫药物干预后各组反应期和潜伏期及学习、记忆成绩比较差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．001）,愈痫灵组与正常组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,愈痫灵组、拉莫三嗪组优于丙戊酸钠组与模型组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;抗痫药物干预前后反应期、潜伏期、学习、记忆成绩比较,愈痫灵组、拉莫三嗪组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,丙戊酸钠组、模型组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,正常组反应期、潜伏期、记忆成绩差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,学习成绩差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。电镜观察模型组大鼠海马CA3区神经元可见明显损伤。愈痈灵组多数神经元结构正常。少数粗面内质网有轻度脱颗粒。结论愈痫灵颗粒减少戊四氮致痫大鼠海马组织神经元坏死可能是其改善癜痫大鼠认知功能障碍的作用机制之一。     

ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF MYOCARDIAL REPAIR AND REGENERATION IN CANINE EXPERIMENTAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

An ultrastructural study is made of the re- pair and regeneration in canine experimental myocardial infarction. Tissue samples are taken from the centre of the induced infarcted area for electron microscopy. It is observed that besides the reparative processes by proliferation of in- terstitial tissue, regeneration of myocardial cells is also evident. Regenerative myocardial cells are scattered among the proliferating interstitial cells, a few of them are contiguous to the original heart muscle cells. The ultrastructure of these cells is characterised by: a large nucleus, pro- minent nucleolus and fine chromatin with euchromatin predominating; a well developed Golgi complex; abundant glycogen granules and ribosomes; numerous myofilaments and myofi- brils at different developmental stages in the periphery of the cell; and fascia adherens at the contact surfaces of the cells.     

二甲肼诱发大鼠大肠癌超微结构的观察

本实验以二甲肼[1,2-Dimethylhydrazine,DMH]为致癌剂诱发大鼠大肠癌。电镜观察24只大鼠在DMH作用下,不同时相点,大肠粘膜显示不同程度的病变。实验10～15周主要表现为粘膜不典型增生,超微结构改变主要显示细胞膜不规则或皱褶,核增大、微绒毛不规则。第16～32周以后肿瘤形成,胞核显著增大,异染色质增多,胞质内分泌颗粒减少,游离核蛋白体增多、细胞膜表面微绒毛不规则,细胞膜之间的桥粒减少,此种改变为大肠癌的超微结构特征。     

SC1001钠盐对马桑内酯点燃家兔脑神经细胞超微结构的观察

The ultrastructural changes of hippocampus and cerebral cortex neurons were derived from the rabbits kindled by coriaria lactone and from the kindled rabbits after treatment with SC1001 Na. The results of experiment showed that the hippocampus and cerebral cortex neurons in the kindled group had some degenerative changes, such as the swelling mitochondria, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes when the injuries of neurons were not serious, but the seriously injured neurons were subjected to rupture of the cell membrane and solution of most organella, with only a small amount of degenerative organella. In the group treated with SC1001 Na, the ultrastructure of brain neurons demonstrated a tendency of recreation to normal which showed that SC1001 Na had cured many of the degenerative brain cells. This suggested that active treatment is very important for the epileptic patients.