胰腺黏液性囊性肿瘤诊治分析

目的: 探讨胰腺黏液性囊性肿瘤的诊断和治疗效果.方法: 回顾分析15例胰腺黏液性囊性肿瘤的临床资料.男6例,女9例;8例胰腺黏液性囊腺瘤,7例胰腺黏液性囊腺癌(1.14∶1);肿瘤位于胰头部3例(20%),胰体尾部10例(66.7%),胰尾部2例(13.3%).胰十二指肠切除术2例,胰腺体尾部+脾切除术8例,胰尾+脾切除术2例,胰腺囊腺瘤切除术1例,胰腺囊肿-空肠吻合内引流术1例,胰腺囊肿外引流术1例.结果: 随访10~15年,8例囊腺瘤均无瘤存活;7例囊腺癌中4例(57.1%)存活5年,2例(28.5%)存活3年,1例(14.2%)存活率1年.结论: 囊腺癌属于低度恶性肿瘤,根治性切除术效果良好.     

胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤合并胰管结石4例报告

目的: 探讨胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤伴胰管结石的诊断、治疗及预后.方法: 回顾性分析胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤伴胰管结石4例的临床资料.结果: 4例患者中,全胰癌1例,胰头癌1例,十二指肠腺癌1例,十二指肠腺瘤1例,均伴胰管结石.临床症状为腹痛,皮肤巩膜黄染.4例患者入院前均有手术史,诊断为胰腺癌晚期不能切除而放弃根治性手术,入院后诊断为胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤伴胰管结石,均行根治性手术,其中全胰切除术2例,胰十二指肠切除术1例,十二指肠乳头部肿块局部切除术1例.术后随访至今6月~4年,均存活.结论: 胰管结石影响胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤可切除性的判断,从而影响胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤的治疗及预后.如果术前CT等检查发现有胰体钙化或胰管结石,术中发现胰腺质地硬,或扪及结石,应考虑为胰腺及十二指肠肿瘤伴胰管结石而非晚期、不可切除之肿瘤,可行胰十二指肠切除术、全胰切除术等根治性手术.     

扩大胰十二指肠切除术治疗胰头癌

目的 探讨扩大的胰十二指肠切除术的适应证和手术要点.方法 回顾分析12例因胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除合并肠系膜上静脉-门静脉切除术的临床资料.结果 本组患者无围手术期死亡,无胆瘘、上消化道大出血及人工血管感染等并发症发生.术后出现胃肌轻瘫3例,胰瘘1例,均经保守治疗后好转,术后复查彩超、人工血管及门静脉内均无血栓形成.术后病理报告:浸润性导管癌8例,胰腺细胞癌3例,恶性淋巴管瘤1例,切除血管上下缘,无肿瘤浸润.胰腺切缘没有肿瘤累及,门静脉受癌肿侵犯8例,炎性粘连4例.术后9个月死于重度营养不良1例,术后18个月死于癌肿复发肝转移1例,其余10例目前尚在随访中,其中存活3年3例,2年4例,1年3例.结论 扩大的胰十二指肠切除术能提高胰头癌手术切除率,改善患者的生活质量和提高生存率,应该作为胰头癌患者合理手术方式的一种选择.     

保留十二指肠的胰头切除术治疗胰腺囊腺癌

目的: 探讨胰腺囊腺癌的临床特点和治疗策略.方法: 回顾分析8例胰腺囊腺癌病人的诊断过程和治疗方法.结果: 8例病人中肿瘤位于胰头颈部5例,体尾部3例;保留十二指肠的胰头切除术4例,胰头十二指肠切除术1例,胰体尾联合脾切除术1例,有2例行囊肿内引流及外引流术,平均随访12.4个月,未切除肿瘤病人生存时间分别为6个月和10个月.结论: 胰腺囊腺癌的诊断困难,了解其临床及术中特点有助于减少误诊,治疗方法以局部切除为好.     

全胰切除术对胰腺肿瘤的近远期疗效分析

目的 探讨全胰切除术（TP）在胰腺肿瘤患者中的近远期疗效。方法 回顾性纳入2005年6月至2018年3月复旦大学附属中山医院43例TP患者,分析其临床病理特征、手术情况、术后并发症及总生存期。结果 本组共43例,其中胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）25例,胰腺导管内乳头状黏液瘤（IPMN）14例,实性假乳头状瘤2例,腺鳞癌1例,神经内分泌肿瘤（NET）1例。并发症发生率为76.7%,30 d病死率为7.0%,中位生存期为20.0个月。与PDAC组比较,IPMN组患者输血率（21.4% vs 60.0%,P=0.043）、联合血管切除率（21.4% vs 64.0%,P=0.019）和腹腔感染率（0 vs 32.0%,P=0.034）均较低,且术后住院时间较短（11.5 d vs 23.0 d,P=0.004）。进一步分析表明,浸润性IPMN患者在TP术后获得了更长的远期生存（35.8个月 vs 15.0个月,P=0.033）。结论 TP术式安全可行且在部分病例中能获得良好的肿瘤学效果,IPMN可能是较PDAC更优选的手术适应证。     

肿块型胰头良性病变38例诊治体会

目的 探讨肿块型胰头良性病变的诊断及治疗方法.方法 对我科在2003年1月至2010年6月期间收治的38例胰头肿块型良性病变的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组38例患者主要症状为上腹痛(86.8%)和黄疸(31.6%).术前均行B超(检出率92.1%)、CT(检出率100%)检查,部分患者行ERCP(8例)和PTC(7例),检出率100%.本组患者共行胰腺局部切除术27例,胰十二指肠切除术11例,术后病理诊断:肿块型慢性胰腺炎18例,黏液性囊腺瘤4例,浆液性囊腺瘤8例,胰腺导管乳头状瘤5例,胰岛素瘤3例.本组术后6例发生胰瘘(15.8%),1例发生伤口感染(2.6%),1例皮下出血(2.6%).平均住院时间(13.4±5.8)d.结论 肿块型胰头良性病变的诊断主要依靠症状、病史、体征以及影像学检查等综合考虑.治疗宜行胰腺局部切除术或者胰十二指肠切除术,效果明显.     

无症状胰腺肿瘤的诊断与治疗

目的:探讨无症状胰腺肿瘤的诊断与治疗经验。方法:回顾性分析意外发现的无症状胰腺肿瘤的临床资料。结果:本组38例,男14例,女24例。肿瘤位于胰头者17例,胰体尾者21例。所有病例均行手术切除,包括胰十二指肠切除术11例,保留十二指肠的胰头切除术3例,肿瘤局部切除术1例,节段性胰腺切除术8例,胰体尾、脾切除术15例。术后病理:胰腺导管癌5例,无功能胰岛细胞瘤13例(其中2例恶性),浆液性囊腺瘤8例,黏液性囊腺瘤8例,囊腺癌1例,恶性胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤2例,胰腺实性假乳头状瘤1例。恶性肿瘤共10例,占26.3%(10/38)。随访表明,除3例胰体癌术后6个月后死于肝转移外,其余已健康生存11个月～8年至今。结论:无症状胰腺肿瘤大部为良性肿瘤,部分为恶性肿瘤,应予积极手术治疗。手术切除率高,预后良好。     

保留十二指肠的胰头切除术12例临床分析

目的 总结保留十二指肠的胰头切除术(DPPHR)在治疗胰头良性和低度恶性病变的经验.方法 回顾性分析我院1998年5月至2010年3月施行该术式12例患者临床资料.尽量靠近胰十二指肠动脉弓弧形切除十二指肠内侧胰腺组织,并完整切除钩突,间断严密缝合十二指肠缘残留胰腺组织并以胰后被膜覆盖缝合.为了保留胰内段胆总管,必要时切开胆总管置入探条引导.结果 无手术死亡.术后发生胰瘘2例,经非手术治疗后痊愈.无胰腺假性囊肿及腹腔脓肿形成.术后12例患者均随访半年以上,无术后糖尿病、胆总管狭窄、慢性消化不良发生,1例囊腺癌患者术后3个月出现肿瘤复发.结论 对于胰头良性病变,DPPHR是一种安全、有效的手术方式.     

胰腺非浸润性导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤21例的临床分析

目的探讨非浸润性胰腺导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤的临床特征、治疗及预后。方法收集1999年1月—2005年12月中山医院手术切除的21例非浸润性胰腺导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤患者病历资料并对其进行随访,分析肿瘤的临床特征及手术治疗效果。结果21例非浸润性导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤中,男性17例,女性4例;12例为腺瘤,4例为交界性肿瘤,5例为原位癌;19例位于胰头,2例位于胰体尾;临床表现均以腹痛为主（11/21）,黄疸少见（3/21）,部分无症状（4/21）; CA19-9水平多正常（17/20）或仅轻度升高（3/20）,CT主要表现为囊性占位,其中5例可见病灶与主胰管相通。19例行胰十二指肠切除,2例行胰体尾切除,无手术死亡;术后20例患者得到随访,平均随访时间24个月,至随访结束,除1例失访,1例死于心肌梗塞外,其他患者均存活且未见肿瘤复发。结论非浸润性导管内乳头状黏液肿瘤手术治疗效果极佳,在其尚未恶变前予以切除能改善患者生存;对术后复发的评估可能需要长期的跟踪随访。     

胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤的临床病理学分析(附29例报告)

目的：回顾性分析胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤（IPMT）的诊治经验及预后,以期提高对该病的治疗水平。方法：1993年5月至2006年8月,共29例IPMT病人在我院接受手术治疗,男17例,女12例。现回顾性分析其临床表现、病理学分类以及术后随访情况。结果：术后病理证实,本组共有11例是类腺瘤,2例交界性肿瘤,16例腺癌。其中,主胰管型11例,分支胰管型16例,混合型2例。2例病人由于病变累及全胰而施行全胰切除术,其余病人分别施行胰十二指肠切除术（16例）、胰体尾切除术（7例）及局部切除术（4例）。在腺癌病例中,有37.5%（6/16）发生淋巴结转移。结论：IPMT有独特的临床病理学特征。对主胰管直径≥10mm、肿瘤直径〉40mm以及主胰管型病例,应高度怀疑恶性病变的可能性。如术前考虑IPMT有恶性可能,则应施行合并淋巴结清扫的根治性切除术。     

腹腔镜远端胰腺切除的临床应用

目的 总结腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术的临床应用与手术技巧.方法 回顾性分析腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术治疗胰体尾肿瘤10例的临床资料.结果 10例胰体尾肿瘤中8例成功完成腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术,其中1例为保脾远端胰腺切除术,中转开腹手术2例,1例因胰腺癌侵及周围脏器,1例因术中出血.腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术平均手术时间为141±35 min(95～195 min),平均出血263±151 ml(100～600 ml),术后平均住院7±1 d(5～9 d),全部患者均治愈.术后病理诊断实性假乳头状瘤4例、黏液性囊腺瘤3例、胰岛细胞瘤1例,胰腺导管腺癌2例.结论 腹腔镜远端胰腺切除术最佳适应证是胰腺体尾部良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤,具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的优点,是治疗胰体尾良性肿瘤及早期恶性肿瘤的安全有效的微创疗法.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical applications and surgical technique of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). Method The clinical data of 10 cases of pancreatic body and tail tumors undergoing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Results Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) was successfully undertaken in 8 cases (including spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy in one case ). Intraoperatively two cases were converted to open surgery because of peripancreatic organs involvement by cancer in one case and massive bleeding in another case during laparoscopic procedures. The average operation time of LDP was 141 ± 35 min (95 -195 min),mean blood loss was 263 ± 151 ml( 100 -600 ml), average postoperative hospital stay was 7 ± 1 days (5 -9 days ). There was no major postoperative complications and no mortality. Final pathology was solid psedopapillary tumor in 4 cases, mucinous cystadenoma in 3 cases and islet cell tumor in 1 case, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in 2 cases, hence 80% of tumors were benign. Conclusions LDP is indicated for benign body and tail pancreatic tumors and early malignant tumor of pancreatic body and tail. Being less traumatic, and fewer complications, LDP is a safe, effective and minimally invasive therapy.     

四种保留器官的胰腺切除术式的指征、技术和疗效

目的 探索四种保留器官的胰腺切除术式在治疗胰腺良性及低度恶性肿瘤中的疗效.方法 回顾性总结1990年1月至2010年5月施行的72例保留器官胰腺切除术的手术经验及疗效,男性24例,女性48例,年龄15～68岁,平均46岁.其中行保留十二指肠的胰头切除术(DPRHP)9例,行保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术(SPDP)29例,行胰腺中段切除术11例,行胰腺头体部巨大肿瘤摘除术23例.结果 行DPRHP的9例患者中,术后并发胰瘘、胆瘘各1例,均经保守治疗愈合.行SPDP的29例患者中,术后并发胰瘘3例,未发生迟发性脾梗死.行胰腺中段切除的11例患者中,术后合并胰肠吻合口出血1例,经手术治疗治愈.行胰腺头体部巨大肿瘤摘除术的15例非功能性胰岛细胞瘤患者中,术后并发胰瘘5例,3例于术后6、12、16个月出现肝转移;行肿瘤摘除术的8例黏液性囊腺瘤患者中,术后并发胰瘘2例.结论 保留器官的胰腺切除术可明显减轻手术创伤,疗效与传统术式相同,应作为胰腺良性或低度恶性肿瘤的首选术式.     

保留器官的胰腺切除术治疗胰腺良性或低度恶性肿瘤：单中心66例报告

目的:探讨保留器官的胰腺切除术治疗胰腺良性或低度恶性肿瘤的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析南昌大学第一附属医院普通外科2009年1月—2016年12月间66例胰腺良性或低度恶性肿瘤施行保留器官的胰腺切除术患者的临床资料。其中胰岛素瘤34例,实性假乳头状瘤16例,浆液性囊腺瘤9例,导管内乳头状黏液瘤4例,无功能性神经内分泌肿瘤、副神经节瘤和黏液性囊腺瘤各1例;肿瘤局部切除术34例,中段胰腺切除术10例,保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术13例,保留幽门的胰十二指肠切除术6例,保留十二指肠的胰头切除术3例。结果:平均手术时间为(163.6±77.4)min,平均术中出血量为(234.4±242.7)mL,平均术后住院时间为(11.3±8.1)d。总体腹部并发症、残胰生化漏、B/C级胰瘘、腹腔内感染、胃排空延迟和腹腔内出血发生率分别为36.4%、15.2%、10.6%、6.1%、3.0%和1.5%。无再手术和手术相关死亡。术后平均随访(47.2±25.6)个月,新发糖尿病和需胰酶替代治疗发生率分别为3.1%(排除34例胰岛素瘤患者)和1.5%,无肿瘤复发和转移。结论:保留器官的胰腺切除术能最大程度保留胰腺实质和周围脏器,避免胰腺的内外分泌或脾脏功能的过度丧失,可作为胰腺良性或低度恶性肿瘤的首选术式。     

Total pancreatectomy: Short- and long-term outcomes at a high-volume pancreas center

AIM To identify the current indications and outcomes of total pancreatectomy at a high-volume center. METHODS A single institutional retrospective study of patients undergoing total pancreatectomy from 1995 to 2014 was performed.RESULTS One hundred and three patients underwent totalpancreatectomy for indications including: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(n = 42, 40.8%), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(n = 40, 38.8%), chronic pancreatitis(n = 8, 7.8%), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(n = 7, 6.8%), and miscellaneous(n = 6, 5.8%). The mean age was 66.2 years, and 59(57.3%) were female. Twenty-four patients(23.3%) underwent a laparoscopic total pancreatectomy. Splenic preservation and portal vein resection and reconstruction were performed in 24(23.3%) and 18 patients(17.5%), respectively. The 90 d major complications, readmission, and mortality rates were 32%, 17.5%, and 6.8% respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival for patients with benign indications were 84%, 82%, 79.5%, and 75.9%, and for malignant indications were 64%, 40.4%, 34.7% and 30.9%, respectively.CONCLUSION Total pancreatectomy, including laparoscopic total pancreatectomy, appears to be an appropriate option for selected patients when treated at a high-volume pancreatic center and through a multispecialty approach.     

保留脾脏胰腺体尾切除术的临床应用研究

目的 探讨保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术的手术适应证及临床意义.方法 回顾性分析75例因胰腺体尾部占位病变而施行保留脾脏胰腺远端切除术病人的临床诊疗资料.结果 本组75例均成功行保留脾脏胰腺体尾切除术,其中浆液性囊腺瘤18例、黏液性囊腺瘤15例,胰腺实性假乳头状瘤11例,慢性胰腺炎9例,导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤8例(其中2例有恶...     

Total Pancreatectomy: Indications,Operative Technique,and Postoperative Sequelae

Total pancreatectomy has been used to treat both benign and malignant disease of the pancreas, but its use has been limited by concerns about management of the apancreatic state with its attendant total endocrine and exocrine insufficiency. Here, we review the indications for total pancreatectomy, operative technique, and improvements in the postoperative management of patients. Total pancreatectomy remains a viable option in the treatment of intractable pain associated with chronic pancreatitis, multicentric or extensive neuroendocrine tumors, patients with familial pancreatic cancer with premalignant lesions, and in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia with diffuse ductal involvement or invasive disease. Improvements in postoperative management include auto-islet cell transplantation, advances in insulin formulations, and the use of glucagon rescue therapy which allow much tighter control of blood glucose than previously possible. This markedly lessens the risk of life-threatening hypoglycemia and decreases the risk of long-term complications, resulting in improved quality of life for these patients.     

Institutional indications for islet transplantation after total pancreatectomy

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This study was designed to establish institutional indications for pancreatic islet transplantation by examining patients with total pancreatectomy as candidates for islet allotransplantation. METHODS: In 12 patients who underwent total pancreatectomy, we compared pre-and postoperative plasma glucose level, body mass index, HbA1c, and daily insulin use; we examined candidacy for islet allotransplantation based on the guidelines of Japan's islet transplantation registry. RESULTS: Eight of the 12 patients with total pancreatectomy were operated for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. At our institution, the 5-year survival of patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm was far better (76.3%) than that of patients with pancreatic cancer. Postoperatively, plasma glucose level, HbA1c, and daily insulin use were increased in all patients with total pancreatectomy. Of the 12 patients treated with total pancreatectomy, 4 (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, n = 2; islet cell tumor, n = 1; and acute pancreatitis due to arteriovenous malformation, n = 1) showed deteriorated diabetic control and therefore were considered to be candidates for islet allotransplantation according to the guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Islet allotransplantation could be indicated for patients with favorable postoperative survival who have had a total pancreatectomy for either benign or neoplastic disease.     

Laparoscopic pancreatic surgery: its indications and techniques: from the viewpoint of limiting the indications

Indications in the field of pancreatic surgery should be limited considering the technical difficulties and the characteristics of pancreatic diseases. Benign or low-grade malignant tumors, including pseudocysts, islet tumors, and cystic tumors, are indications for distal pancreatectomy. Islet tumors such as insulinomas are good candidates for this procedure when they are located near splenic vessels or the main pancreatic duct and enucleation is considered inappropriate. Techniques of laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with/without splenectomy and laparoscopy-assisted distal pancreatectomy indicated in low-grade malignant tumors such as mucinous cystadenoma are described. Insulinoma is one of the best candidates for enucleation because many of the cases are solitary and benign. The technique of enucleation is also described. Received: April 20, 2002 / Accepted: May 13, 2002 Offprint requests to: N. Kano This paper was read at Symposium-2: Laparoscopic Pancreatic Surgery — Its Indications and Techniques, at The 5th World Congress of the International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, held in Tokyo in April 2002.     

中段胰腺切除术在胰腺疾病中应用

目的 探讨中段胰腺切除术在治疗胰腺颈体部疾病的可行性.方法 回顾分析12例胰腺颈体部疾病患者实施中段胰腺切除术的临床资料.结果 2例为内分泌肿瘤（1例无功能胰岛细胞瘤,1例有功能胰岛细胞瘤）,2例为黏液性囊性肿瘤,5例低度恶性肿瘤（实性假乳头状瘤）,1例转移性癌,1例慢性胰腺炎,1例胰腺体部横断伤.手术时间（2.8±0...