胰肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄九例临床分析

胰腺手术具有高风险性,其中胰肠吻合口漏是最常见、最危险的并发症,文献报道发生率为2％～24％[1],而病死率则高达20％～50％[2].随着外科技术的进步和经验的积累,术后早期并发症发生率已明显下降,而远期并发症如胆肠、胰肠吻合口狭窄等已逐渐引起关注.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

胰腺间变癌的临床病理特点——附6例报告

目的胰腺间变癌是少见的胰腺外分泌恶性肿瘤，本文探讨其临床病理学特点。方法回顾性分析6例胰腺间变癌的临床特点并结合文献讨论。结果本组6例，其中男5例，女1例，年龄4j～74岁。肿瘤位于胰头3例，胰体尾3例。行胰头十二指肠切除术3例，其中1例作肠系膜上静脉切除重建术，另1例同时行肠系膜上动、静脉切除重建术。3例胰体尾肿块，2例行胰体尾切除、脾切除术．另1例肿瘤已侵犯周围脏器，行全胃、结肠脾曲、腹腔动脉切除术。病理检查：肿瘤细胞呈多形性．可见圆形、卵圆形、多边形和梭形的肿瘤细胞，核大深染，异型明显，也可见巨核或多核的瘤巨细胞及破骨细胞样巨细胞。随访5例，术后平均生存5．5月．均死于肿瘤腹腔内和肝脏转移。结论胰腺间变癌组织学特点为肿瘤细胞的多形性，并可见巨核或多核的巨细胞或破骨细胞样巨细胞．呈侵袭性生长，易侵犯周围脏器、大血管和发生肝脏、淋巴结转移，恶性程度高，预后差。     

运动相关蛋白Fascin在胰腺癌的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨运动相关蛋白Fascin在胰腺癌的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系.方法 采用RT-PCR法检测SW1990、Patu8988、BxPC3、CfPAC1 4株胰腺癌细胞株Fascin mRNA表达;采用免疫组化方法 检测54例胰腺癌及42例相应癌旁胰腺组织Fascin蛋白表达.结果 胰腺癌细胞株SW1990、Patu8988、CfPAC1有Fascin mRNA表达,BxPC3无表达;54例胰腺癌组织Fascin蛋白表达阳性35例,占64.8%,42例癌旁胰腺组织中均无阳性表达.Fascin蛋白表达与肿瘤分化程度(P<0.01)和淋巴转移(P<0.05)呈显著正相关,但与肿瘤大小及远处转移无相关性(P>0.05).结论 Fascin蛋白在胰腺癌组织中有较高的阳性表达率,检测其表达有助于胰腺癌的诊断,并有助于判断胰腺癌恶性程度.     

慢性胰腺炎胰管空肠吻合术的临床观察

作者总结了本院1995年6月~2005年5月施行胰管空肠吻合术的53例慢性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,现报告如下。1资料与方法回顾性分析1995年6月~2O05年5月施行胰管空肠吻合术的53例慢性胰腺炎患者的临床资料。其中男34例,女19例;年龄l4~75岁,平均41.2;病程10d~13年,平均3.6年。临床表现     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

胰高血糖素瘤二例报告并文献回顾分析

目的:提高对少见病胰高血糖素瘤的诊治水平.方法:总结本院2例及国内24年间文献报道30例胰高血糖素瘤的诊治资料.结果:所有患者在病程中的不同阶段曾被误诊(多被误诊为湿疹和糖尿病),其中84.4%(27/32)患者有典型的胰高血糖素瘤临床特征(如轻度糖尿病,迁移性坏死性皮炎、舌炎、口角炎、贫血和体质量减轻等).21例行胰体尾切除术,1例行Whipple手术,1例行胆肠吻合术,2例行肿瘤局部切除或摘除术,7例不适宜手术或拒绝手术.病理结果显示27例为恶性,3例良性,2例性质不确定.治疗后多数患者皮疹在短期内消退,症状改善.结论:胰高血糖素瘤临床罕见,极易误诊;根据典型的胰高血糖素瘤综合征及实验室检查(血浆胰高血糖素水平)即可提出定性诊断,辅以影像学检查可提出定位诊断;根治性或姑息性手术切除是其有效的治疗方法.     

远端胰腺切除术中两种胰腺残端封闭技术对比研究

目的 对比远端胰腺切除术中两种胰腺残端封闭技术的疗效,为胰腺外科手术医生选择合理的胰腺残端封闭技术提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2012-01-01至2013-09-30因“胰体尾占位性病变”在第二军医大学附属长海医院胰腺外科行开放的远端胰腺切除术的部分病人资料,分为切割闭合器组（99例）和手工缝合组（57例）,对比两组之间术中、术后及随访情况。结果 两组病人性别、年龄、体重指数、手术时间、术中出血、术中输血量、引流液淀粉酶值及胰瘘、术后输血率、术后体温（T）≥38℃、术后心率≥100次/min、术后再次手术、术后住院天数、术后30 d内再住院率及术后30 d内病死率差异均无统计学意义;术后输血量和总住院费用手工缝合组均少于切割闭合器闭合组,两组之间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 建议胰腺外科医生在行开放的远端胰腺切除术时优先考虑选用手工缝合的方法来封闭保留侧胰腺残端。     

功能性胰腺内分泌肿瘤的外科诊治

功能性胰腺内分泌肿瘤是由胰岛细胞发生的,一种以内分泌细胞为主的肿瘤。不同类型的胰岛细胞分泌不同的肽激素,临床上出现相应的综合征(见表1)。     

慢性胰腺炎外科治疗的现状

慢性胰腺炎是一种严重危害人类健康的疾病,其发病率呈升高趋势,具体的病因和发病机制尚不十分明确.外科手术是治疗慢性胰腺炎较为有效的手段.合理的外科治疗能控制症状,延长生存期,提高生存质量.本文全面阐述了慢性胰腺炎外科治疗的必要性、适应证、手术原则、手术方式、治疗结果的现状,强调慢性胰腺炎外科治疗的个体化.