失语症的康复治疗

目的:综述失语症的类型及其康复治疗现状,为促进失语症患者言语功能的恢复提供一定的理论依据和实践指导。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国期刊网1994-01/2006-04有关失语症和言语治疗的文献,检索词“失语症、言语治疗、康复”,并限定文章的语言种类为中文。同时手工检索相关书籍。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取试验包括采用Schuell刺激法、旋律语调治疗、实用交流训练等治疗组和对照组的命名、阅读、听理解、复述变化比较的相关文献,删除明显不随机临床试验的研究,然后查找余下的文献全文,进一步判断是否为随机对照实验。质量评价主要考察资料的真实性,调查设计是否严密,实施过程是否严格,统计学处理是否合理。资料提炼:共检索45篇关于失语症的康复治疗文献,30篇符合纳入标准,排除的15篇为重复研究。资料综合:根据国内外通用的解剖-临床相关基础分类,失语症的类型主要有8种:Broca失语、Wernicke失语、传导性失语、经皮质运动性失语、经皮质感觉性失语、经皮质混合性失语、完全性失语、命名性失语。失语症康复治疗方法主要包括语言治疗技术、功能性交流治疗、认知神经康复治疗、社交心理治疗、计算机辅助治疗等。结论:失语症类型多样,应针对言语功能障碍选择适宜的言语康复治疗方法,或采用综合的治疗措施,这有利于提高失语症的治疗效果。     

低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗卒中后非流畅性失语的系统评价

目的：系统评价低频重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）治疗卒中后非流畅性失语症患者的疗效。方法：检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库，搜集rTMS治疗卒中后失语症患者的随机对照试验（RCT），检索时段为建库至2020年6月。筛选文献后，对能够进行效应量合并的研究采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析；其余研究采用描述性分析。结果：纳入10个随机对照试验。6篇文献以西部失语症检查的失语商（WAB-AQ）为结局指标，Meta分析结果显示：接受低频重复经颅磁刺激后，干预组的WAB-AQ评分优于对照组［SMD=1.27，95%CI（0.71，1.82），P＜0.01］。2篇文献采用了汉语失语成套测验（ABC）评分为结局指标，Meta分析结果显示：2组得分差异无统计学意义［MD=6.07，95%CI（-6.92，19.05），P=0.36］。结论：低频重复经颅磁刺激能有效改善卒中后非流畅性失语患者的言语功能，但上述结论仍需更多大样本或统一评价量表的临床试验予以验证。     

经颅直流电刺激对脑卒中后运动性失语疗效及对抑郁状态的影响

目的:探讨经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)治疗脑卒中后运动性失语疗效及对抑郁状态的影响。方法:将96例脑卒中后运动性失语患者随机分为观察组和对照组各48例,对照组给予神经内科的常规治疗并给予失语症刺激疗法(Schuell刺激法),观察组在此基础上给予tDCS,共治疗6周。治疗前后用语言功能评分(包括言语表达、听理解力、阅读能力和文字书写)、波士顿诊断性失语症检查量表(BDAE)、功能性言语沟通能力评分(CFCP)、失语患者抑郁量表(ADRS)和卒中后失语抑郁问卷量表(SADQ-H)对2组患者进行评定,并比较2组临床疗效。结果:治疗6周后,2组言语表达、听理解力、阅读能力、书写能力、CFCP评分较治疗前均显著提高(均P<0.05),且观察组以上各项评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05);2组ADRS、SADQ-H评分较治疗前均显著降低(均P<0.05),且观察组均更低于对照组(均P<0.05);2组BDAE分级较治疗前均明显改善(均P<0.05),且观察组更优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:tDCS有利于促进患者语言功能的恢复,改善患者的抑郁情绪,治疗脑卒中后运动性失语效果显著。     

脑卒中后基底节性失语症的特征

目的:脑卒中后基底节性失语症为临床常见疾病,但是否皮由质下结构导致了这些失语仍存在争论。基底节性失语症有特定的神经语言学特征,选择针对性语言康复治疗是有效的。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1988-01/2005-12与脑卒中、皮质下及基底节性失语及语言康复相关的文献,检索词为“脑卒中、基底节性失语、语言康复”,限定语言种类为中文,同时检索Medline1982-01/2005-12的关于失语症的文献,检索词包括basalganglia,Subcorticalaphasia,apraxiaofspeech等,并限定文章语言种类为English。并手工查阅与之内容相关的书籍若干。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择与脑卒中后基底节性失语症的病理机制,神经语言学特征,失语症诊断方法,语言康复方法相关的文章,然后筛除与以上要求无明显联系的文章。纳入标准:详细阐述基底节失语症的临床特征、神经语言学发病机制、康复治疗方法相关文献。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到95篇关于基底节失语症的文献,涉及基底节失语症临床特征文献31篇,其中神经语言学发病机制篇45篇,失语症评估及分类5篇,康复治疗方法14篇。排除65篇选择符合标准的30篇用于综述。资料综合:对脑卒中后基底节性失语的定义,研究现状进行简明介绍,在此基础上详述基底节性失语复杂的神经语言学特征,从临床失语症状组合出发,进行失语症评估,探讨失语症状与病灶部位的关系,了解脑卒中后基底节性失语症患者的病态语言行为发生机制,为验证语言在脑内加工过程的神经机制提供重要资料;另一方面阐述脑卒中后基底节性失语症患者语言康复治疗方法。结论:脑卒中后基底节性失语为临床常见疾病,有其特定的神经语言学特征,基底节结构参与语言形成过程,其机制有待进一步证实。选择针对性语言康复治疗是有效的。神经语言学家和临床医生正努力探索基底节结构在语言及言语形成过程中的整和作用。     

脑卒中后基底节性失语症的特征

目的：脑卒中后基底节性失语症为临床常见疾病,但是否皮由质下结构导致了这些失语仍存在争论.基底节性失语症有特定的神经语言学特征,选择针对性语言康复治疗是有效的.资料来源：应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1988-01/2005-12与脑卒中、皮质下及基底节性失语及语言康复相关的文献,检索词为“脑卒中、基底节性失语、语言康复”,限定语言种类为中文,同时检索Medline 1982-01/2005-12的关于失语症的文献,检索词包括basalganglia,Subcortical aphasia,apraxia of speech等,并限定文章语言种类为English.并手工查阅与之内容相关的书籍若干.资料选择：对资料进行初审,选择与脑卒中后基底节性失语症的病理机制,神经语言学特征,失语症诊断方法,语言康复方法相关的文章,然后筛除与以上要求无明显联系的文章.纳入标准：详细阐述基底节失语症的临床特征、神经语言学发病机制、康复治疗方法相关文献.排除标准：重复性研究.资料提炼：共收集到95篇关于基底节失语症的文献,涉及基底节失语症临床特征文献31篇,其中神经语言学发病机制篇45篇,失语症评估及分类5篇,康复治疗方法14篇.排除65篇选择符合标准的30篇用于综述.资料综合：对脑卒中后基底节性失语的定义,研究现状进行简明介绍,在此基础上详述基底节性失语复杂的神经语言学特征,从临床失语症状组合出发,进行失语症评估,探讨失语症状与病灶部位的关系,了解脑卒中后基底节性失语症患者的病态语言行为发生机制,为验证语言在脑内加工过程的神经机制提供重要资料;另一方面阐述脑卒中后基底节性失语症患者语言康复治疗方法.结论：脑卒中后基底节性失语为临床常见疾病,有其特定的神经语言学特征,基底节结构参与语言形成过程,其机制有待进一步证实.选择针对性语言康复治疗是有效的.神经语言学家和临床医生正努力探索基底节结构在语言及言语形成过程中的整和作用.     

失语症的康复治疗:研究与应用

目的:探讨失语症的言语语言治疗、药物治疗和影响治疗效果的因素。资料来源:应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库2000-01/2006-01期间的有关失语症方面的文献。检索词为“aphasia,anomia,treat,treatment,therapy,cure,heal”,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索CNKI2000-01/2006-01期间的有关失语症方面的文献。检索词为“失语,治疗”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:共检索300余篇文献进行筛选。以近3年内研究内容相关且发表在权威杂志上的文章优先,选择了以失语症治疗为主要研究内容的文献24篇。资料提炼:将资料进行分类,其中19篇是关于言语语言治疗的文献,5篇是关于药物治疗的文献。资料综合:言语语言治疗和药物治疗是治疗失语症的主要方法。言语语言治疗主要包括刺激法、阻断去除法、认知心理学的方法、计算机辅助治疗和小组治疗等。但言语语言治疗的有效性尚有争议。药物治疗主要有溴隐停、右苯丙胺、吡拉西坦和中药治疗等。药物治疗虽对失语的恢复有帮助,但治疗机制还不确切。影响失语症恢复的因素很多,发病时失语的严重程度是最主要的因素,失语症的类型,患者的职业,受教育程度,及社会支持等都对言语的恢复有影响。结论:①失语症的治疗强度与其康复效果有关系。要选择合理的治疗方法还需进一步的研究。②药物治疗的效果虽已被证明有效,但适用范围广、副作用小的药物开发还有待于进一步的研究。③治疗时需要综合考虑可能影响康复效果的各种因素来制定个性化的治疗方案。     

失语症的康复治疗：研究与应用

目的：探讨失语症的言语语言治疗、药物治疗和影响治疗效果的因素.资料来源：应用计算机检索Pubmed数据库2000-01/2006-01期间的有关失语症方面的文献.检索词为“aphasia,anomia,treat,treatment,therapy,cure,heal”,并限定文章语言种类为English.同时计算机检索CNKI 2000-01/2006-01期间的有关失语症方面的文献.检索词为“失语,治疗”,并限定文章语言种类为中文.资料选择：共检索300余篇文献进行筛选.以近3年内研究内容相关且发表在权威杂志上的文章优先,选择了以失语症治疗为主要研究内容的文献24篇.资料提炼：将资料进行分类,其中19篇是关于言语语言治疗的文献,5篇是关于药物治疗的文献.资料综合：言语语言治疗和药物治疗是治疗失语症的主要方法.言语语言治疗主要包括刺激法、阻断去除法、认知心理学的方法、计算机辅助治疗和小组治疗等.但言语语言治疗的有效性尚有争议.药物治疗主要有溴隐停、右苯丙胺、吡拉西坦和中药治疗等.药物治疗虽对失语的恢复有帮助,但治疗机制还不确切.影响失语症恢复的因素很多,发病时失语的严重程度是最主要的因素,失语症的类型,患者的职业,受教育程度,及社会支持等都对言语的恢复有影响.结论：①失语症的治疗强度与其康复效果有关系.要选择合理的治疗方法还需进一步的研究.②药物治疗的效果虽已被证明有效,但适用范围广、副作用小的药物开发还有待于进一步的研究.③治疗时需要综合考虑可能影响康复效果的各种因素来制定个性化的治疗方案.     

经颅直流电刺激联合常规言语康复治疗脑卒中后非流畅性失语症的疗效观察

目的:探讨经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)联合常规言语康复治疗脑卒中后非流畅性失语症的临床疗效,为tDCS在脑卒中后言语康复中的应用提供依据。方法:将36例脑卒中后恢复期失语症患者采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组各18例,治疗组采用tDCS分别精准左右额下回三角部区刺激配合常规言语治疗,对照组采用tDCS假刺激配合常规语言治疗训练,2组均治疗5个星期,观察2组患者的自发言语、听理解、复述、命名成绩变化情况,并在治疗后采用西方失语成套测验(WAB)进行评价。结果:2组治疗后在自发言语、复述、命名和失语商(AQ)评分方面均比治疗前改善,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且治疗组优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:tDCS左侧额下回三角部区阳极刺激+右侧额下回三角部区阴极刺激,并配合常规语言治疗脑卒中后非流畅性失语症,可以提高患者的自发言语、复述、命名成绩。     

非侵入性脑刺激技术治疗卒中后失语症疗效的meta分析

目的:非侵入性脑刺激(non-invasive brain stimulation,NIBS)技术包括重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,r TMS)与经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS),采用meta分析探讨NIBS对卒中后失语症的治疗效果。方法:检索NIBS治疗卒中后失语症的随机对照试验(randomized control trial,RCT),按一定标准、质量评价后纳入文献,应用RevMan 5.3软件进行分析。结果:最终纳入9篇RCT,共214例患者。对照组进行常规言语训练,94例;NIBS组进行rTMS或tDCS治疗,120例。Meta分析结果显示:NIBS治疗后,试验组言语功能评分优于对照组[SMD=0.68,95%CI(0.39,0.96),Z=4.66,P0.01];rTMS治疗后有评分明显提高[SMD=0.82,95%CI(0.50,1.14),Z=4.97,P0.01],而tDCS组和对照组治疗后差异无显著性意义[SMD=0.18,95%CI(-0.42,0.79),Z=0.59,P=0.56]。结论:NIBS技术对卒中后失语症患者的言语功能可能有积极作用;r TMS可改善言语功能,而tDCS治疗效果有待进一步研究。     

经颅直流电刺激结合头皮针治疗脑卒中运动性失语患者的疗效观察

目的：探讨经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）左背外侧前额叶结合头皮针对脑卒中运动性失语患者的临床疗效。方法：选取74例脑卒中运动性失语患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各37例。对照组给予言语训练及头针治疗,同时给予tDCS伪刺激治疗,观察组在给予言语训练及头针治疗的同时联合tDCS治疗,共治疗4周。2组患者于治疗前后采用中国康复研究中心汉语标准失语症检查量表（CRRCAE）、波士顿诊断性失语症测验（BDAE）评估患者的语言功能,采用采用日常生活交流能力量表（CADL）评定患者语言交流能力,采用简明健康调查量表（SF-36）评定患者的生存质量。结果：2组患者治疗前CRRCAE评分、BDAE等级、CADL评分、SF-36评分比较差异无统计学意义。治疗4周后,2组患者的CRRCAE评分、CADL评分、SF-36评分均较治疗前升高（P＜0.05）,BDAE等级较前改善（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组CRRCAE评分、CADL评分、SF-36评分均较对照组升高（P＜0.05）,BDAE等级较对照组改善（P＜0.05）。结论：tDCS刺激左背外侧前额叶结合头皮针可以更好的改善脑卒中运动性失语症的语言功能、日常交流能力及生活质量。     

Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Function in Patients with Stroke

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the upper limb of function of patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. [Subjects] Twenty subjects were randomly allocated to either the upper tDCS group or the functional training group, with 10 subjects in each group. [Methods] The two groups received functional training for thirty minutes a day, five days a week for four weeks. The tDCS group additionally received tDCS for 20 minutes. The outcome was assessed by the Box and Block test (BBT), grip strength, and the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA). [Results] There were significant improvements between pre- and post- intervention in both groups, in the BBT, grip strength, and the upper limb and lower lims sub-items of the FMA. The tDCS group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in the BBT, and upper limb and lower limb sub-items of the FMA. [Conclusion] These findings suggest that tDCS may be more beneficial than functional training for improving the upper and lower limb functions of chronic stroke patients.Key words: Stroke, tDCS, Limb function     

慢性意识障碍患者结局预测模型的系统综述北大核心CSCD

目的系统评价慢性意识障碍患者结局预测模型的组成因子和准确率。方法采用主题词检索方式,检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据建库至2021年9月30日慢性意识障碍患者结局预测模型的相关文献,提取内容为作者、出版年份、研究对象、监测项目、主要结局指标和结论。结果共返回文献4313篇,最终纳入37篇,文献类型包括随机对照试验、队列研究,发表时间主要集中在2012年至2021年,研究对象为慢性意识障碍患者,预测模型的组成因子包括临床量表、神经影像学检查、神经电生理学检查和实验室指标。结论预测模型对慢性意识障碍患者的远期结局有一定的参考价值。目前的预测模型大多数只由有限的一项或几项技术手段构成,准确率参差不齐,其中昏迷恢复量表修订版、默认网络、联合多种诱发电位的脑电图分析相关的预测模型具有较高准确率,但尚未建立统一的适配标准。     

经颅直流电刺激同步肢体功能性电刺激对脑外伤患者运动功能和平衡功能的影响CSCD

目的:研究脑外伤患者同时接受经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)和肢体功能性电刺激(FES)对患者运动功能和平衡功能的影响。方法:将符合入组条件的脑外伤患者56例采用信封随机法分为同步组21例、FES组20例和tDCS组15例,3组均给予药物治疗和常规康复治疗。同步组患者接受tDCS同步FES治疗,FES组接受安慰tDCS和FES治疗,tDCS组接受tDCS和安慰FES治疗,3组均治疗20 min/次,1次/d,连续治疗12 d。分别于治疗前、治疗第6天和治疗第12天采用下肢Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分(FMA-LE)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)进行评估,同时在治疗前后采用动态平衡测试仪评定平衡功能。结果:3组治疗前一般资料、FMALE、BBS和动态平衡指标等组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),提示3组之间具有可比性。在运动功能评估中,治疗后3组的FMA-LE均随治疗时间延长明显改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但3组之间的变化率比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在平衡功能量表评估中,治疗后3组的BBS评分均随治疗时间延长而明显改善,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);同时3组之间BBS变化率比较,同步组变化率2较其余2组显著好转,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在平衡测试仪测试中6个指标[本体感觉(SOM)、视觉(VIS)、前庭觉(VEST)、视觉依赖(PREF)、感觉统合测试综合(SOTC)和运动控制测试综合(MCTC)]中的组内比较,同步组治疗后VIS、VEST、SOTC和MCTC得分较治疗前有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后FES组的MCTC较治疗前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);tDCS组的VIS、SOTC 2个指标治疗后较治疗前有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各组其余指标治疗前后比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组间MCTC变化率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同步组显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),而其余平衡指标组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:tDCS或基于正常行走模式的四通道FES或tDCS同步FES治疗均能改善脑外伤恢复期偏瘫患者下肢运动功能和平衡功能;同步组在改善平衡功能方面有显著意义,且与感觉统合和运动控制相关。     

Application and outcomes of therapy combining transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality: a systematic review

Purpose: To evaluate the methods and major outcomes of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with virtual reality (VR) therapy in randomized controlled trials.

Method: A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science and CAPES periodic databases, with no time restriction. The studies were screened for the following inclusion criteria: human subjects, combination of VR and tDCS methods, and randomized controlled study design. All potentially relevant articles were independently reviewed by two researchers, who reached a consensus on which articles met the inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the studies.

Results: Eleven studies were included, all of which utilized a variety of tDCS and VR application methods. The main outcomes were found to be beneficial in intervention groups of different populations, including improvements in body sway, gait, stroke recovery, pain management and vegetative reactions.

Conclusions: The use of tDCS combined with VR showed positive results in both healthy and impaired patients. Future studies with larger sample sizes and homogeneous participants are required to confirm the benefits of tDCS and VR.

• Implications for Rehabilitation

• tDCS with VR intervention can be an alternative to traditional rehabilitation programs.

• tDCS with VR is a promising type of intervention with a variety of positive effects.

• Application of tDCS with VR is appropriated to both healthy and impaired patients.

• There is no consensus of tDCS with VR application.

     

语言障碍诊治系统ZM2.1诊断亚项的正常范围研究

目的 了解语言障碍诊治系统ZM2．1诊断筛选系统各功能亚项的正常范围，以便于各种语言障碍诊断时参考。方法 检测202名正常成人，计算各功能亚项的均数和标准差，方差分析年龄、性别、文化程度、利手对各功能亚项是否有影响。结果 文化程度和年龄对部分功能亚项成绩有影响。结论 制定各功能亚项常模时需根据年龄、文化程度加以区分。     

Effect of application of transcranial direct current stimulation during task-related training on gait ability of patients with stroke

[Purpose] The objective of this study was to determine the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during task-related training (TRT) on the gait ability of patients with chronic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] The participants were 24 patients who were diagnosed with hemiplegia due to stroke. Three groups were created: subjects who performed TRT for general exercise therapy (TRT), subjects who received sham tDCS during TRT for general exercise therapy (TST), and subjects who received tDCS during TRT for general exercise therapy (TT). [Results] The stance phase symmetry profile, the swing phase symmetry profile, and gait velocity all decreased significantly in the TT group compared with the TRT group. However, there was no significant difference in the step length symmetry profile among the groups. [Conclusion] A application of tDCS, that affects the excitatory regulation in the cortical motor area, is an effective rehabilitation method for gait improvement.Key words: Gait, Hemiplegia, Transcranial direct current stimulation     

经颅直流电刺激调节迷走神经兴奋性对脑卒中后吞咽障碍的效果

目的 研究经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)调节迷走神经兴奋性对卒中后吞咽功能障碍的疗效。方法 2020年9月至2021年2月,本院康复科卒中后吞咽障碍患者28例随机分为对照组和tDCS组,各14例。两组均行吞咽功能训练,tDCS组行迷走神经tDCS,对照组行迷走神经假刺激。治疗前后,采用改良曼恩吞咽能力评估量表(MMASA)和澳大利亚治疗结局量表(AusTOMs)吞咽功能评分进行评定。结果 治疗后,两组MMASA评分(|t| > 5.593, P < 0.001)和AusTOMs吞咽功能评分(|Z| > 2.121, P < 0.05)均提高,tDCS组优于对照组(|t| = 2.439, |Z| = 2.079, P < 0.05)。结论 tDCS调节迷走神经兴奋性可促进卒中后吞咽功能障碍恢复。     

Effects of the Electrode Type on N100 and P300 in tDCS Applications

[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of types of electrode on N100 and P300 in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applications. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to two groups with 15 subjects in each group depending on the electrode types. A positive electrode on the primary motor area (C4) and a negative electrode on the left primary motor area (C3), and stimulation was applied for 20 minutes. Before and after tDCS, N100 and P300 were measured by attaching an electrode to Fp1 and Fp2. [Results] In tDCS applications, N100 and P300 showed no significant interaction effects between time and group for either latency or amplitude in the Fp1 and Fp 2 areas, but there was a statistically significant difference in the main effect duration. [Conclusion] The latencies of N100 and P300 were shortened and that their amplitudes increased in both the Fp1 and Fp2 areas, regardless of the type of electrode.Key words: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), N100, P300     

Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Poststroke Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

ObjectiveThis review aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on poststroke dysphagia.Data SourcesPubMed, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Web of Science, VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were systematically searched up to June 2021.Study SelectionRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of tDCS on poststroke dysphagia.Data ExtractionThe extracted data included the author, country of publication, time of publication, key elements of bias risk assessment (such as RCTs and blind methods), sample size and basic information (age, course of disease, stroke location), intervention measures, treatment methods of tDCS (stimulation location, intensity, duration), relevant outcome indicators, and relevant data (SDs).The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool and Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale were used to assess the risk of bias.Data SynthesisSixteen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the results revealed a large and statistically significant pooled effect size (0.80; confidence interval [CI], 0.45-1.14; P<.001). The subgroup that explored the course of the disease yielded a large and significant effect size for the chronic phase group (0.80; CI, 0.43-1.16; P<.001). For the stimulation intensity, 1 mA and 1.6 mA showed a moderate and significant effect sizes (0.47; CI, 0.13-0.81; P=.006 vs 1.39; CI, 0.69-2.08; P<.001). In the subgroup analyses, the affected (0.87; CI, 0.26-1.48; P=.005) vs unaffected (0.61; CI, 0.23-0.99; P=.002) hemisphere showed a significant result, and stimulation of the affected hemisphere had a more obvious effect. Subgroup analysis of stroke location showed that tDCS was effective for dysphagia after unilateral hemispheric stroke, bulbar paralysis, and brainstem stroke but not for dysphagia after ataxic and basal ganglia stroke. However, the subgroup analysis of stroke location revealed a significant result (0.81; CI, 0.44-1.18; P<.001).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrated the height and significant beneficial effect of tDCS on improving poststroke dysphagia.