THIEC改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂泡沫的制备及其性能表征

以表面活性剂水溶液为液相介质、空气为气相介质,采用高速摄像机研究表面活性剂对二次雾化破裂性质的影响,重点阐述了破裂形变特征上的变化。研究结果表明:在形变特征方面,临界胶束浓度(CMC)对二次雾化袋状破裂形态有着重要影响,除了最大液滴直径形变率(d_f,m/d₀)基本不变,保持在1.64左右外,最大液环直径形变率(d_r,m/d₀)、最大轴向生长率(l_m/d₀)、最大径向生长率(h_m/d₀)和长宽比(l_m/h_m)等在表面活性剂质量分数小于CMC时均变化迅速,但在表面活性剂质量分数大于CMC后变化趋于平缓,d_r,m/d₀稳定在4.16左右,l_m/d₀稳定在6.36左右,l_m/h_m稳定在1.53左右。     

基于壁温信号EMD解析的气固流化床结片预警

气固流化床反应器在生产中易产生结片或结块,严重影响反应器的安全稳定运行。对气固流化床中的壁温信号进行经验模态分解(EMD),发现其高频本征模函数IMF1及IMF2在有结片产生时显著增大,其能量的滑动平均值(E_m)能有效地指示初始结片的产生。运用主元分析(PCA)方法处理不同样本的E_m值,得到结片检测统计量(T²)及结片控制上限(UCL),并进一步提出了判断结片产生的E检测法:当T²T²≥UCL时,流化床内有结片产生。工业应用结果表明,与传统的壁温波动判别法和铯源结块探测法相比,E检测法能提前预警结片。     

Li2SiO3:Eu3+红色荧光粉的制备与发光性能

以LiOH·H₂O、Si（OC₂H₅）₄和Eu（NO₃）₃·6 H₂O为主要原料,采用简单的机械球磨法,在室温下合成了Li₂SiO₃：Eu³⁺荧光粉前驱体,再经高温灼烧,得到一系列Li₂SiO₃：x% Eu³⁺红色荧光粉。研究了灼烧温度、保温时间及Eu³⁺的物质的量浓度对产物的结构和发光性能的影响。结果表明,当x在1.5~15这个较宽的范围内,随着Eu³⁺物质的量的增加,Li₂SiO₃：x% Eu³⁺荧光粉的物相组成保持不变,且直到x值达到12之后,才出现了浓度淬灭现象;当灼烧温度为1 173 K、保温时间为2 h时,荧光材料的发光强度达到最大值。在467 nm激发下,基于Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂（615 nm）跃迁,Li₂SiO₃：Eu³⁺荧光粉发射出强烈的红光。     

原位合成四氧化三锰处理模拟核电厂含Co2+放射性废水

在硼酸体系中,以⁵⁹Co作为模拟非放射性同位素研究了原位合成四氧化三锰处理模拟核电厂放射性废水中Co²⁺的工艺条件。考察了反应时间、n(Mn²⁺):n(Co²⁺)、空气流量、反应温度以及pH对出水Co²⁺质量浓度的影响,并由正交试验L₉(4³)优化工艺条件。研究表明:在废水Co²⁺初始质量浓度10mg/L,硼酸质量浓度(以B计)1000mg/L条件下,最佳工艺条件为反应时间105min、n(Mn²⁺):n(Co²⁺)=25:1、空气流量0.7L/min、反应温度65℃以及pH10.5,在此条件下出水Co²⁺质量浓度约为5.68ng/L,去除效率大于99.99%,产物经XRD分析证明沉渣为Mn₃O₄和CoMn₂O₄混合物。     

亚音速圆口喷流的大涡模拟

采用大涡模拟方法研究了马赫数M=0.75,雷诺数Re=50 000的圆口可压缩喷流问题。在与实验数据比对验证的基础上,分析了喷流剪切层不稳定性发展的两个主要阶段,着重考察了剪切层中轴向速度脉动u''、径向速度脉动v''、压力脉动p''在空间任意两点上的时空相关系数随时间和空间发展分布的特点,并由此分析剪切层中旋涡脉动的迁移特性,为进一步研究与控制喷流噪声提供基础。     

不对称树状聚两性电解质的合成及pH响应性自组装行为

通过发散法、开环聚合以及“点击化学”等方法合成了树状聚两性电解质聚（L-赖氨酸）-聚酰胺-胺-聚（L-谷氨酸）[（PLL）₄-D2-b-D1-（PLGA）₂],其中,D1和D2分别代表第1代和第2代聚酰胺-胺。通过氢核磁共振波谱（¹H-NMR）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）对产物的分子结构、相对分子质量及其分布进行了表征;结合电位电导滴定、¹H-NMR、Zeta电位测定、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和动态光散射（DLS）等表征方法研究了（PLL）₄-D2-b-D1-（PLGA）₂溶液的pH响应性自组装行为。研究结果表明,（PLL）₄-D2-b-D1-（PLGA）₂具有pH响应性多重胶束化行为,在酸性条件下形成PLL为壳、PLGA为核的聚集体,而在碱性条件下形成PLGA为壳、PLL为核的聚集体,同时伴随着PLGA和PLL链段从无规线团到α-螺旋构象的转变。随着溶液pH的增加,自组装聚集体由球形胶束向棒状胶束再向纺锤形胶束转变,并在高pH下二次自组装形成松叶状分形结构。     

基于多级质谱裂解规律结合SD大鼠在体肠襻给药模型研究西地那非经肠吸收与代谢特性

目的 探讨西地那非及其活性代谢产物N-去甲西地那非的液相色谱-电喷雾多级质谱[LC-ESI（+）MSⁿ]裂解规律,考察西地那非经肠吸收与代谢特征。 方法 采用ESI质谱分析技术,在正离子检测模式下,分别对西地那非、N-去甲西地那非进行LC-ESI（ ）MSⁿ裂解分析,解析其中的主要碎片离子以及可能的裂解途径。基于裂解规律建立西地那非、N-去甲西地那非的LC-ESI（ ）MS/MS的SD大鼠血浆样品分析方法,取25只成年健康雄性SD大鼠,随机分成5组,每组5只,以在体肠襻给药模型法给予硫酸氢钠西地那非原料药10 mg/kg,于给药前及给药后0.25、0.5、1、4 h时在肝门静脉处取血测定,每个时间点一组SD大鼠,考察药物经肠道吸收及在肠系膜处代谢情况。 结果 质谱裂解规律表明,西地那非及N-去甲西地那非均获得丰度较高的m/z 311、283特征碎片质谱峰,证明药物在C-S键处不稳定易发生断裂脱去C₅H₁₂O₂N₂S,在乙氧基C-O键处不稳定易发生断裂脱去C₂H₄,最终形成稳定m/z 283碎片离子。以m/z 475→m/z 283（西地那非）和m/z 461→m/z 283（N-去甲西地那非）为离子反应监测通道对在体肠襻给药模型进行半定量分析,结果表明除以原型药物西地那非的形式吸收外,在体肠中约有1/5原型药物经肠代谢生成活性代谢产物N-去甲西地那非,并与原型药物同时吸收。 结论 西地那非和N-去甲西地那非经质谱裂解均形成稳定的m/z 283二级碎片离子;西地那非在体肠吸收时伴随氮去甲基代谢反应同时发生,约有1/5的原型药物代谢生成活性代谢产物N-去甲西地那非。     

基于微带谐振器的三维约束微波微等离子体源的实现

通过理论计算及HFSS仿真设计了微带谐振器,并通过比对三维约束结构存在的HFSS仿真结构验证了三维结构的可行性。实测制备的微带谐振器空载谐振频率为2.5GHz,回波损耗系数(S₁₁)为-17.94dB。该微带谐振器成功实现了三维约束微尺度下,工作频率为2.5GHz,工作压强范围为30Pa至大气压、功率范围为0.7~6W时的微等离子体放电。通过光谱仪检测压强为7.5×10⁴Pa下的H_β谱线,应用斯塔克展宽求得此压强下平均电子密度为5.54×10¹³cm^-3,该值符合微等离子体源的电子密度值。     

肾上腺髓质素对人牙髓干细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的 探讨肾上腺髓质素（adrenomedullin,ADM）对人牙髓干细胞（dental pulp stem cells,DPSCs）增殖、成牙本质分化能力的影响。方法 体外培养的人DPSCs传至第3代,培养液中加入不同浓度ADM（10^-6、10^-7及10^-8 mol/L）处理细胞24 h,并设置空白对照组。流式细胞术检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡,定量PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测成牙本质分化标记物碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）的mRNA及蛋白表达。结果 细胞周期检测结果显示,3种浓度ADM干预DPSCs后G₂/S/M期细胞比例均较空白对照组上升（P<0.05）,但各干预组间差异无统计学意义; 细胞凋亡检测结果显示,3种浓度ADM干预组的Annexin Ⅴ⁺/PI^-标示细胞比例均较空白对照组下降（P<0.05）,但各干预组间差异无统计学意义; 定量PCR及蛋白质印迹检测结果显示,DPSCs中ALP mRNA及蛋白表达较空白对照组上升（P<0.01）,但各干预组间差异无统计学意义。结论 ADM具有促进DPSCs的增殖、抑制凋亡及促其向成牙本质分化的作用。     

姜黄素磷脂复合物在大鼠体内的药代动力学评价

目的 通过对大鼠口服灌胃给药,评价姜黄素磷脂复合物在SD大鼠体内的药物代谢动力学性质。 方法 制备姜黄素磷脂复合物,以姜黄素作为对照,检测两者在水中的溶解度和体外累计溶出率;取SD大鼠12只,经口服灌胃给予姜黄素磷脂复合物或姜黄素混悬液后,不同时间点于大鼠眼底静脉丛取血,采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定血浆中姜黄素的浓度。 结果 姜黄素磷脂复合物的溶解度、累计溶出率分别为0.150 g/L、68.04%,较姜黄素（0.057 g/L、50.68%）均有所增加。姜黄素磷脂复合物和姜黄素的药代动力学参数分别如下：C_max为（74.34±5.57） μg/L和（61.64±4.29） μg/L,T_max为（0.17±0） h和（0.25±0） h,AUC_0-t为（637.38±30.04） μg·h·L^-1和（172.41±31.66） μg·h·L^-1,AUC_0-∞为（857.80±223.69） μg·h·L^-1和（191.08±43.27） μg·h·L^-1。日内及日间精密度、回收率符合测定要求。 结论 姜黄素磷脂复合物混悬液与姜黄素相比吸收速度快,消除速率慢。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.