梭曼异构体气相色谱分析及在小鼠脑及膈肌中的浓度测定

目的 :建立灵敏、可靠的梭曼光学异构体气相分析方法以测定小鼠皮下染毒后脑与膈肌中游离梭曼的浓度。方法 :大进样量气相色谱仪及手性毛细管柱实现梭曼 4个异构体的分离 ;用二异丙基氟磷酸酯作内标 ,测定小鼠皮下染毒后脑与膈肌中游离C(± )P(- )梭曼。结果 :梭曼 4个异构体在确定的气相条件下得到了较好的分离 ;C(± )P(- )梭曼在小鼠脑匀浆中及膈肌匀浆中 ,0 .5～ 10ng/ 2ml浓度范围的标准曲线线性关系良好 ,r >0 .999。日间、日内精密度在 10 %以内 ,提取方法的回收率为 5 3.6%～ 60 .2 %。用气相色谱分析方法考察了小鼠皮下染毒后 ,脑与膈肌中游离C(± )P( )梭曼的浓度 ,方法重复性好。结论 :大进样量气相色谱仪及手性毛细管柱测定小鼠皮下染毒后脑与膈肌中游离C(± )P(- )梭曼的浓度 ,方法灵敏、可靠 ,重复性好     

大鼠急性热应激时血浆和肺中儿茶酚胺的改变

清醒大鼠置于一循环水加热装置中,经45℃热应激致肛温达42℃时,维持不同时间,断头活杀,取血及肺,经处理后用高效液相-电化学检测器(HPLC-DE)检测方法,使用国产 C_(18)反相填料,测定去甲肾上腺素(NE),肾上腺素(E)的含量。结果表明,NE 在血浆和肺中的正常值分别为4.8±1.2ng/ml,151.4±33.7ng/g 湿重;E 的正常值分别为5.0±1.5ng/ml,11.0±2.0ng/g 湿重。热应激后血和肺中 NE 降低,而 E 明显升高。大鼠经热应激后回到室温下恢复4h 后,血和肺中 NE 回到正常水平,而 E 的含量仍维持在一高水平。     

替米沙坦血药浓度高效液相—荧光检测方法的研究

目的建立测定血浆中替米沙坦浓度的高效液相—荧光色谱分析方法。方法血浆样品以乙醚为提取溶剂处理,分析柱为KromsailKR100-5C18色谱柱(5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm)。流动相为0.01 mol/L KH2PO4水溶液(pH3.5):乙腈=54:46(V/V),激发波长Ex=305nm,发射波长Em=365 nm,流速1.0 ml/min,柱温为室温,进样量20μl。结果替米沙坦在5.0~500 ng/ml范围内线性良好(r=0.999 8),最低检测浓度为2.5 ng/ml(S/N>3)。该方法的相对回收率为(100.7±4.2)%(n=5),绝对回收率为(88.4±3.9)%(n=5),日内RSD为(3.1±1.0)%(n=5),日间RSD为(4.0±1.5)%(n=5)。结论本方法准确、灵敏、特异性强、重显性好,适用于血浆中替米沙坦浓度测定和体内药代动力学研究。     

健康成人平板运动试验前后血浆儿茶酚胺含量的变化

<正> 本文通过27例健康人次极量活动平板运动试验前后血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)及肾上腺素(E)浓度的定量测定及对心率,血压的观察,研究在运动负荷下不同年龄健康人心率、血压及血浆儿茶酚胺(CA)浓度的相关性。材料和方法     

高血压病患者血浆肾上腺髓质素前体肽段水平及其与部分调节肽的相互关系

目的:探讨高血压病患者肾上腺髓质素N端20肽(PAMP)水平,及其与内皮素(ET)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AⅡ)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和肾上腺素(E)的相互关系.方法;用放免法测定血浆PAMP、ET和AⅡ的含量,用高效液相法测定血浆NE和E的浓度.结果:高血压病患者血浆PAMP、ET、AⅡ、NE和E含量均高于对照组(P<0．01);与平均动脉压(MAP)均呈正相关(P<0．05~0．001);PAMP与ET、AⅡ,NE、E亦呈正相关(P<0．05~0.01);经血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)治疗后,其MAP、PAMP、ETAⅡ、TVE、E均下降(P均<0．01).结论:PAMP是一种新的舒血管肽,高血压病患者其血浆浓度升高,可拮抗缩血管物质的生物学效应,对维持机体内环境稳定起重要作用,     

低体温时缺氧性肺血管收缩反应变化及其机制研究(摘要)

本实验观察了低体温动物缺氧性肺血管收缩反应(HPV)的变化,同时对低体温前后动脉血浆去甲肾上腺素(NE)、TxB_2(TXA_2稳定代谢产物)和6—ket0—PGF_(1α)(PGI_2稳定代谢产物)、5—羟色胺(5—HT)、5—羟吲哚乙酸(5—HIAA)的含量进行了测定。结果发现:低体温时HPV明显增强,由低温前34.7±5.8％上升至57.6±6.8％(p<0.05)。哌唑嗪可以抑制其反应,用药后HPV为23.5±11.9％。低体温及低体温缺氧均可增加血浆NE浓度,两     

高血压病、心力衰竭患者血浆肾上腺髓质素前体N端20肽的变化

肾上腺髓质素是 1993年发现的一种血管活性多肽 ,肾上腺髓质素前体N端 2 0肽 (proadrenomedullinNterminal 2 0peptide ,PAMP)是由其前体产生的 4个活性片段之一。本研究观察高血压病 (30例)和心功能不全 (2 2例)患者血浆PAMP水平的变化 ,并与健康人(18名 )作比较 ,探讨其病理生理作用。采用放免方法测定血浆PAMP、内皮素(ET)、血管紧张素 (ATII)含量 ;用高压液相 (HPLC)测定血浆去甲肾上腺素 (NE)和肾上腺素 (E)水平。结果显示健康人对照组的PAMP为(18 4 2± 2 33)ng/L ,而高血压病患者组为对照组的 1 6 2倍 (P<0 0 1) ,心力衰竭患者组为对照组的 1 5 3倍 (P <0 0 5 ) ;两组病人血浆PAMP水平与ET、ATII、NE、E呈显著正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。推测升高的PAMP参与了心力衰竭和高血压病的病理过程 ,PAMP水平的升高对机体具有一定的保护作用。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定多维软咀嚼片中维生素C含量

目的　建立多维软咀嚼片中维生素C含量测定及稳定性指示分析方法。方法　采用反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱 :HypersilC1 8柱 (2 5 0mm× 4 .6mm) ;流动相 :0 .0 0 5mol·L-1 磷酸二氢钾溶液 (用磷酸调pH至 3.6 ) ;流速 :1 .0ml/min ;柱温 :2 5℃ ;检测波长 :2 4 6nm。结果　维生素C在 4 .1 8～ 836 .0 μg·ml-1 范围内呈良好线性 ,r =0 .9999(n =6 ) ,日内精密度小于 1 .0 % (n =5 ) ,平均回收率为 (1 0 0 .3± 1 .6 ) % ,最低检测限为 2 0ng。结论　本方法灵敏、准确、重现性好、操作简单 ,可作为多维软咀嚼片中维生素C含量测定及稳定性指示分析方法 ,以控制药物质量     

大鼠运动训练与限制活动对血浆神经肽Y、儿茶酚胺浓度及其应激改变的影响

大鼠游泳训练与限制活动8周后测定安静与衰竭游泳运动后血浆神经肽Y(NPY)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)的浓度。结果说明,由于NPY、NE、E的合成、贮存、释放不完全一致,同时测定NPY、NE和E反映运动对交感神经系统兴奋性的影响将更有意义,也更全面。     

卡维地洛对急性心肌梗死患者神经内分泌激素及心功能的影响

为评价卡维地洛对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者神经内分泌激素水平及心功能的影响 ,将 5 2例AMI患者随机分为卡维地洛组、美托洛尔组和对照组 ,于治疗前和治疗后 6个月分别采血检测血浆肾素活性 (PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)浓度、血浆醛固酮 (Ald)浓度、血浆去甲肾上腺素 (NE)和肾上腺素 (E)浓度 ,并测定左心室射血分数 (LVEF)和左心室腔径变化。结果显示 ,卡维地洛组治疗后血浆PRA、NE、E水平以及美托洛尔组治疗后血浆PRA水平与对照组比较均显著下降 (P <0 0 1) ;卡维地洛组治疗后与治疗前比较LVEF增加(P <0 0 1) ,与对照组比较 ,左心室舒张末容量 (LVEDV)减小 ,LVEF增加 (P <0 0 5 )。提示卡维地洛可以抑制心肌梗死后神经内分泌激素的过度激活 ,从而减缓左心室重塑 ,改善心功能     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.