桡骨远端骨折对下尺桡关节稳定性的影响

目的:分析桡骨远端骨折后腕部功能与下尺桡关节稳定性之间的关系,探讨桡骨远端骨折影响下尺桡关节稳定性的原因。方法:85例桡骨远端骨折患者,男27例,女58例;年龄17~74岁,平均42.3岁。采用手法复位石膏外固定治疗,伤后6~9个月(平均6.7个月)摄腕关节正侧位X线CR片,检查下尺桡关节稳定性,采用Sarmiento改良的Gartland-Werley评分系统(GW评分)对腕部进行功能评估。结果:85例获得6~9个月随访,平均6.7个月。19例有下尺桡关节不稳定。下尺桡关节不稳与放射学检查下尺桡关节情况之间无明显的联系。下尺桡关节不稳的患者GW评分平均为12.37±5.899,稳定的患者GW评分平均为6.85±4.222,差异有统计学意义。尺骨茎突是否骨折其GW评分差异无统计学意义。是否有尺骨茎突骨折其下尺桡关节不稳发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论:明显成角或短缩畸形的桡骨远端骨折损伤三角纤维软骨复合体可能是造成下尺桡关节不稳、影响腕部功能的主要原因。伴随桡骨远端骨折的尺骨茎突骨折对下尺桡关节稳定性无明显影响。     

不固定下尺桡关节治疗桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节不稳定的病例对照研究

目的：探讨桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节不稳的治疗方式。方法：2007年6月至2009年12月,采取切开复位内固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折264例,其中42例术中发现合并下尺桡关节不稳,20例采取克氏针固定下尺桡关节或旋后位石膏外固定治疗（固定组）,22例未行固定（非固定组）。术后对握力和腕关节活动范围进行观察;采用Sarmiento改良的Gaaland-WeAey评分系统（GW评分）对腕部功能进行评估,并测试下尺桡关节稳定性。结果：41例患者均获得1年以上随访,所有患者桡骨远端骨折均在术后3个月内获得愈合,下尺桡关节均对合良好,没有出现明显半脱位或脱位。两组患者的握力、腕关节活动范围及GW评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。l例发生远期下尺桡关节不稳。结论：对桡骨远端骨折合并下尺桡关节不稳定采用锁定钢板固定系统治疗桡骨远端骨折的同时,固定与不固定下尺桡关节临床效果无差异,因此对于合并下尺桡关节不稳的桡骨远端骨折,若桡骨远端骨折能获得满意的解剖复位,不推荐l期固定下尺桡关节。     

累及桡尺远侧关节不稳定的尺骨茎突骨折手术治疗

目的 介绍累及桡尺远侧关节不稳定的桡骨远端合并尺骨茎突骨折的手术指征和治疗方法.方法 2005年1月至2009年6月,对12例桡骨远端骨折合并尺骨茎突骨折的患者,采用克氏针结合张力带钢丝固定尺骨茎突,同时采用骨锚修复下尺桡韧带深层结构在尺骨隐窝的止点,从而稳定桡尺远侧关节.结果 术后12例桡骨远端骨折及尺骨茎突骨折均愈合,术后随访时间为6～18个月.按改良的Mayo腕关节评分标准评定:优4例,良5例,中2例,差1例.结论 尺骨茎突在桡尺远侧关节稳定中起着重要作用,对累及下尺桡韧带结构损伤的尺骨茎突骨折进行固定并重建韧带对稳定桡尺远侧关节有较为重要的作用.     

尺骨茎突骨折对外固定架治疗桡骨远端骨折的影响

目的探讨尺骨茎突骨折对外固定支架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析118例不稳定性桡骨远端骨折患者的随访资料。根据尺骨茎突骨折情况分为:A组(尺骨茎突基底部骨折)、B组(尺骨茎突尖部骨折)、C组(无尺骨茎突骨折)。所有患者均采用外固定支架治疗,尺骨茎突骨折不做任何治疗,术后6~8周拆除外固定支架,平均随访15.3个月,终末随访时行影像学参数(掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度)、腕关节活动度(掌屈、背伸、尺偏、桡偏、旋前、旋后)及Gartland-Werley评分测定。结果终末随访时三组病例之间在影像学参数、腕关节活动度及Gartland-Werley评分方面均未发现统计学差异。结论采用外固定支架治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折时,若下尺桡关节稳定,对伴有的尺骨茎突骨折可不做任何治疗。     

尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折内固定术后腕关节功能的影响

目的探讨尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折内固定术后腕关节功能的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至12月行切开复位内固定的189例桡骨远端骨折患者资料,根据是否伴有尺骨茎突骨折分为不伴尺骨茎突骨折组(61例)和伴尺骨茎突骨折组(128例)。根据患者影像学资料及末次随访Gartland-Werley腕关节评分、臂肩手功能障碍(DASH)评分、腕关节活动度(背伸、掌屈、桡偏、尺偏)、握力和腕关节尺侧旋转疼痛发生率评定腕关节功能。结果所有患者随访30~46个月,平均38个月。两组桡骨远端骨折愈合时间、掌倾角、尺偏角和桡骨高度无统计学差异(P0.05),且末次随访时握力、腕关节主动活动度、Gartland-Werley腕关节评分和DASH评分无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组术后尺侧旋转疼痛发生率亦无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论尺骨茎突骨折不影响桡骨远端骨折内固定患者术后腕关节功能。     

桡骨远端骨折合并移位型尺骨茎突骨折的手术治疗研究

背景:在对桡骨远端骨折合并移位型尺骨茎突骨折患者的处理中,尺骨茎突是否需要手术固定尚存争议。目的:比较两种不同手术方法固定桡骨远端骨折合并移位型尺骨茎突骨折的临床疗效。方法:2007年5至2010年3月手术治疗桡骨远端骨折合并移位型尺骨茎突骨折(HauckⅡ型,移位>2mm)39例,其中单纯桡骨远端切除复位内固定(单纯桡骨固定组)22例,桡骨远端骨折固定合并尺骨茎突骨折切开复位内固定(尺桡骨远端固定组)17例,术后指导功能锻炼。结果:所有患者均获得随访。随访时间为12～26个月,平均19个月。术后3个月两组的腕关节Gartland-Werley评分无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后1年两组的腕关节Gartland-Werley评分、掌屈及尺偏功能无统计学差异(P>0.05),尺侧疼痛评分有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:对于桡骨远端骨折合并移位型尺骨茎突骨折患者而言,桡骨远端骨折固定合并尺骨茎突骨折切开复位内固定优于单纯桡骨远端切除复位内固定。     

术中行下尺桡关节稳定性检查对于尺骨茎突骨折治疗的临床意义

目的分析术中行下尺桡关节稳定性检查对于尺骨茎突骨折治疗的临床意义。方法选取本院63例桡骨远端骨折伴尺骨茎突骨折患者,完成各组病例的桡骨远端骨折经钢板螺钉内固定术,根据术中术后对尺骨茎突治疗处理的结果进行分组,分为固定组32例,不固定组31例,其中固定组又分为内固定组17例,外固定组15例;不固定组术中术后尺骨茎突骨折未予任何处理,内固定组术中尺骨茎突给予内固定术治疗,外固定组术后尺骨茎突给予石膏托外固定治疗,比较固定组与不固定组、内固定组和外固定组之间的疗效与PRWE评分。结果固定组的优良率(93.75%)高于不固定组(74.19%),P0.05;内固定组与外固定组的优良率(94.12%与93.33%)相近,P0.05。固定组术后3、6个月的PRWE评分(50.47±6.36分、35.23±5.90分)均低于不固定组(63.52±8.29分、54.04±7.18分),P0.05;内固定组与外固定组术后3、6个月的PRWE评分(51.43±6.30分、36.01±5.89分与49.89±5.70分、35.18±5.94分)相近,P0.05。结论完成桡骨远端骨折内固定术的同时,术中下尺桡关节稳定性检查对于尺骨茎突骨折的治疗具有指导性意义:下尺桡关节不稳定的尺骨茎突骨折,需行内固定治疗才能获得较好疗效,而下尺桡关节稳定的尺骨茎突骨折,行外固定治疗同样能达到内固定治疗的效果。给予尺骨茎突骨折相应的固定,可提高桡骨远端骨折经钢板螺钉内固定术的治疗效果,有助于关节功能恢复。     

尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折手术疗效及腕关节功能的影响

目的观察尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折手术疗效及腕关节功能的影响。方法对64例不稳定桡骨远端骨折进行回顾性分析,选择AO分型为A型和B型的不稳定桡骨远端骨折患者,均行切开复位T型桡骨远端锁定钢板内固定治疗,尺骨茎突骨折未作特殊处理,将所有资料按照未合并尺骨茎突骨折组、尺骨茎突骨折(体部骨折)Ⅰ型组及尺骨茎突骨折(基底部骨折)Ⅱ型组分组进行整理分析,记录病例AO分型及术前、术后6个月和术后1年的X线片测量结果 ,按照Bunger提出的解剖学评分(掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨茎突高度)进行解剖学评估,同时进行GartlandWerly评分。结果随访时间为7~12个月,平均11个月,64例桡骨远端骨折均愈合。未合并尺骨茎突骨折组、尺骨茎突骨折Ⅰ型组及Ⅱ型组术前、术后6个月及术后1年解剖学评分差异无统计学意义,未合并尺骨茎突骨折组与尺骨茎突骨折Ⅰ型组Gartlant-Werley评分、优良率差异无统计学意义。但未合并尺骨茎突骨折组与尺骨茎突骨折Ⅱ型Gartlant-Werley评分、优良率差异有统计学意义,尺骨茎突骨折Ⅰ型组与Ⅱ型组相比,Gartlant-Werley评分、优良率差异有统计学意义。结论尺骨茎突骨折与否及分型对桡骨远端骨折术后解剖学评分无影响,尺骨茎突体部骨折对腕关节功能无影响,但尺骨茎突基底部骨折对腕关节功能有一定影响,值得进一步研究。     

斜T形锁定钢板治疗桡尺骨远端不稳定型骨折

目的评价用“AO”的桡骨远端斜T形锁定钢板系统固定桡骨远端骨折疗效。方法6例有移位桡骨远端粉碎骨折,且伴有下尺桡关节损伤的不稳定型骨折,其中1例为双手骨折,共7侧。按1upiter分类：关节内三部分4例,关节内四部分3例。采用掌侧Henry路,切开复位,锁定钢板,螺钉内固定,修复下尺桡背侧韧带、三角纤维软骨,并固定尺骨茎突。结果随访8～14个月,平均1．01年。按Gartland—werler腕关节评分：优4例,良2侧,可1侧,优良率85．7％。结论对于有移位桡骨远端粉碎骨折,且伴有下尺桡关节损伤的不稳定性骨折,采用掌侧Henry2v路,切开复位,锁定钢板,螺钉内固定,修复下尺桡背侧韧带、三角纤维软骨,并固定尺骨茎突是一种理想的治疗方法。     

手法间接复位掌侧锁定板固定治疗桡骨远端C3型骨折

目的 ：探讨手法间接复位后AO 2.4 mm桡骨远端锁定板联合经皮穿针固定治疗C3型（AO/OTA分型）桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效及操作技巧。方法：自2009年5月至2012年3月采用手法间接复位AO 2.4 mm桡骨远端掌侧锁定板联合经皮穿针固定治疗桡骨远端骨折AO/OTA分型C3型患者19例21腕（双侧2例）。年龄31~66岁,平均（45.3±17.4）岁;并发尺骨茎突骨折14腕,下尺桡关节不稳6腕;均为闭合性骨折;发病时间4.5~9 d,平均（6.7±3.5）d。采用Henry切口显露骨折部位,保留关节囊、韧带连续性,手法间接复位,C形臂X线透视关节面复位情况,仍存在塌陷者予以撬拨复位后桡骨远端掌侧锁定板固定。下尺桡关节发现不稳定和并发尺骨茎突骨折者均予前臂旋后位石膏托固定6周。结果：19例（21腕）获得随访,时间7~17个月,平均10.5个月。X线示患者桡骨远端骨折均达到骨性愈合,尺骨茎突骨折未愈合3例,下尺桡关节不稳0例,1例出现背侧伸肌腱激惹,内固定取出后激惹消除。术后随访观测患者掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨茎突高度、关节面和下尺桡关节情况,按照Batra和Gupta评分标准行影像学评定：70分以下3腕,70~79分5腕,80分以上13腕。同时对患者进行主观和客观疗效评定,观测残留畸形和腕关节活动度、并发症情况等,根据Sarmiento改良的Gartland-Werley评分系统评定术后疗效：优17腕,良3腕,可1腕。结论：AO/OTA分型C3型桡骨远端骨折手法间接复位可获得良好复位效果,应用锁定板联合穿针可为其提供内固定架支撑式固定以满足早期功能锻炼要求,患腕功能预后良好。     

Digital replantations distal to the distal interphalangeal joint

Microvascular replantations of digits distal to the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint were reviewed in 33 digits of 29 patients. Twenty-five digits were completely amputated and eight were incompletely amputated. Ten of 33 replants failed and 23 digits survived. Even without venous reconstruction, good results were obtained in Zone I. Of eight completely amputated digits in Zone 1 in which venous reconstruction was not performed, seven digits survived. Of four completely amputated digits in Zone 2 without venous reconstruction, all became necrotic. In digits followed for six months or more after surgery, 11 of 13 replantations showed good functional recovery. Two digits that developed paresthesia after replantation were functionally useless. Seven digits without bilateral digital nerve reconstruction were reviewed six months or more after surgery. Sensory recovery was good in the digital phalanx; the factor impeding functional recovery was the development of paresthesia. Replanted digits distal to the DIP joint are thus satisfactory in both function and cosmesis, even if digital nerves have not been reconstructed. The replantation of such digits should be considered.     

肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板的初步应用

Objective To investigate surgical techniques and effects of AO distal humeral plate used as a treatment alternative for distal humerus fractures. Methods From April 2008 to July 2009, 22 cases of distal humerus fracture were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with AO distal humeral plate (DHP). They were 10 males and 12 females. Their ages ranged from 14 to 65 years (average, 40 years). According to AO classification, one case was Type A, 6 were Type B and 15 were Type C. Their elbows were not immobilized postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 15 months. Functional results were evaluated according to the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Results Fractures healed in all cases. There was no hardware failure or loss of reduction. No patient complained of pain. They had an average elbow flexion of 108° (range, 60° to 130°) and an average full extension to 25° (range 0 to 80°) . The average ulnohumeral motion was 79° (range, 10° to 130°). The average MEPS was 91 points (range, 60 to 100 points). Fifteen cases scored excellent, 5 good and 2 fair. Conclusions DHP has advantages of an anatomically preshaped locking plate which may enhance anchorage in fractures difficult to manage, such as metaphyseal comminuted supra-intercondylar fractures, lower fractures with relatively small distal fragments and osteoporotic fractures, and allow early postoperative rehabilitation. However, in order to achieve an optimal result,precise location and pre-bending of the plate should be ensured.     

肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板的初步应用

目的 评价新型肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板(DHP)的治疗方法及疗效.方法 2008年7月至2009年4月使用DHP治疗且获得随访的肱骨远端骨折22例,男10例,女12例;年龄14～65岁,平均40.2岁;左侧13例,右侧9例.骨折按照AO分型:A型1例;B型6例;C1型2例,C2型1例,C3型12例.均采用切开复位DHP固定;术后无需外固定,第2天开始功能锻炼.所有患者按照Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)及X线片评估疗效.结果 22例患者获得11～20个月(平均15个月)随访.骨折均获愈合,平均愈合时间16周,无内固定失效或骨折再移位.2例患者因肘关节僵硬接受肘关节松解手术,1例患者螺钉进入关节,但对肘关节功能无影响,2例患者内固定突起于皮下致轻微疼痛.22例患者中2例有轻微疼痛,前臂旋转功能同健侧一致,肘关节平均屈伸79°(10～130°),屈曲108°(60°～130°),伸直25°(0～80°).MEPS评分平均91分(60～100分),其中优15例,良5例,中2例,优良率91.0%.结论 DHP对于较高位的肱骨髁上部分粉碎骨折、低位的关节面粉碎骨折,以及合并骨质疏松的肱骨远端骨折均能够达到满意的稳定固定,允许早期功能锻炼.     

解剖型钢板内固定治疗股骨远端骨折

1999年6月～2005年10月，我院采用Link解剖型钢板内固定治疗股骨远端骨折32例，获得了满意疗效。     

肱骨远端解剖型锁定接骨板的初步应用

Objective To investigate surgical techniques and effects of AO distal humeral plate used as a treatment alternative for distal humerus fractures. Methods From April 2008 to July 2009, 22 cases of distal humerus fracture were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with AO distal humeral plate (DHP). They were 10 males and 12 females. Their ages ranged from 14 to 65 years (average, 40 years). According to AO classification, one case was Type A, 6 were Type B and 15 were Type C. Their elbows were not immobilized postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 15 months. Functional results were evaluated according to the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Results Fractures healed in all cases. There was no hardware failure or loss of reduction. No patient complained of pain. They had an average elbow flexion of 108° (range, 60° to 130°) and an average full extension to 25° (range 0 to 80°) . The average ulnohumeral motion was 79° (range, 10° to 130°). The average MEPS was 91 points (range, 60 to 100 points). Fifteen cases scored excellent, 5 good and 2 fair. Conclusions DHP has advantages of an anatomically preshaped locking plate which may enhance anchorage in fractures difficult to manage, such as metaphyseal comminuted supra-intercondylar fractures, lower fractures with relatively small distal fragments and osteoporotic fractures, and allow early postoperative rehabilitation. However, in order to achieve an optimal result,precise location and pre-bending of the plate should be ensured.     

Comparative study of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy and open distal gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Most studies comparing surgical results of laparoscopic procedures for gastric cancer with open gastrectomies have been conducted based on limited experience. We aimed to compare laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) and conventional open distal gastrectomy (ODG) after a protracted learning experience. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed medical records data. Two hundred fifty six patients underwent distal gastrectomies (136 LADG, 120 ODG). There were 150 early gastric cancer (EGC) patients (120 LADG, 30 ODG). RESULTS: Mean operation times for LADG and ODG were similar among EGC (156.5 versus 159.3 minutes, p = 0.666). Mean retrieved lymph node counts for LADG and ODG were different, but were > 30 (31.3 versus 40.4 for all and 30.4 versus 38.1 for EGC). For all subjects or EGC patients after LADG, C-reactive proteins on day 5 were substantially lower, first liquid diet was resumed substantially sooner, and postoperative hospital stays were substantially shorter than for ODG. CONCLUSIONS: LADG with lymph node dissection after a learning curve has several advantages compared with ODG, namely, less inflammatory reaction, rapid return of gastrointestinal function, and shorter hospital stay without compromising operation time or operative curability.     

Acute dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint and distal ulna fractures

This article reviews acute dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) and distal ulna fractures. Acute dislocations can occur in isolation or in association with a fracture to the distal radius, radial metadiaphysis (Galeazzi fracture), or radial head (Essex-Lopresti injury). Distal ulna fractures may occur in isolation or in combination with a distal radius fracture. Both injury patterns are associated with high energy. Outcomes are predicated on anatomic reduction and restoration of the stability of the DRUJ.     

胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的：探讨胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法使用胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板微创手术复位固定治疗120例胫骨远端骨折患者。结果患者均获随访,时间6～23（13．5±2．7）个月。骨折均骨性愈合。按照 Johner-Wruhs 方法评价功能：优75例,良38例,中5例,差2例,优良率为94．17％。结论应用胫骨远端前外侧锁定钢板微创手术复位治疗胫骨远端骨折,能够获得满意的临床疗效。     

The role of hand-assisted laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of hand-assisted distal gastrectomy (HALDG) for gastric cancer. METHODS: This study prospectively enrolled 16 patients who underwent HALDG for early gastric cancer and matched them individually by sex, age, and body mass index to patients who underwent laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) or open distal gastrectomy (ODG). Surgical outcomes were compared among the surgical methods. RESULTS: The mean operating time was the longest for the HALDG group, whereas wound size of the HALDG group was intermediate between that of the LADG and the ODG groups. The other surgical outcomes, such as the number of harvested lymph nodes, were not different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: According to the findings, HALDG may not be as beneficial for patients with early gastric cancer as has been previously suggested. However, because of easier hand-eye coordination, HALDG may be an excellent bridge learning technique as a surgeon gains experience in laparoscopic gastrectomy.