加氢反应器在役挂片的回火脆性分析

对两块随加氢反应器运行了近５×１０４ｈ的带焊缝的２１４ＣｒｌＭｏ钢试板进行了试验，以了解加氢反应器实际操作工况对２１４Ｃｒ１Ｍｏ钢的时效作用。拉伸试验结果表明，母材和焊缝金属的抗拉性能没有劣化；母材制带人工裂纹缺陷的小容器爆破试验结果表明，试板母材的综合机械性能良好，仍有足够的韧性储备；试板母材与焊缝金属的冲击试验表明，母材仍具有较高的韧性，而焊缝金属已明显脆化；脱氢和脱回火脆处理的焊缝金属的冲击试验结果揭示了焊缝金属脆化是由回火脆化造成的，扫描电镜观察也证明了这一点     

2-1/4Cr-1Mo钢抗氢脆性能的研究

用电解充氢方法研究了加氢反应器用2—1／4Cr-1Mo钢的氢脆。为研究该材料抗氢脆的性能,试样中的氢浓度约6．22μg／g,比反应器的实际操作工况更恶劣。结果表明该材料的抗氢脆性能较好,经脱氢处理后其韧性得以恢复。     

不锈钢堆焊层抗剥离性能的定量评价

提出了定量评价堆焊层抗离性能的指标“开裂氢浓度Cdc”。研究结果表明，在不同试验条件下，对同一批堆焊试块的剥离性能进行评价，所得到的Cdc值基本上为一常量。因此，可将Cdc作为定量评价的参量。这种评价方法还能将堆焊试块的试验结果与役反应器堆焊层的剥离问题联系起来。     

齿科用CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的微晶化和性能

对所选的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统中4个组分的微晶玻璃样品的部分重要性能进行了测试，利用XRD、IR、SEM等仪器对样品的析晶形貌和结构进行了分析；应用齿科材料相关的性能测试标准，考察了其用作齿科全瓷冠修复材料的可能性。实验发现：样品经微晶化处理后，试样中主要析出了钙铝方柱石和α-硅灰石晶相，这些晶相的析出提高了玻璃的性能。G3样品的化学稳定性等物化性能指标均达到或超过了天然牙齿相应的性能．     

丁醛加氢制丁醇反应器的数学模拟

在对混合丁醛加氢制丁醇的反应体系进行热力学与动力学分析的基础上。采用一维拟均相数学模型对丁醛加氢制丁醇管壳式固定床反应器进行数学模拟设计。预测了反应温度、冷却介质温度、反应压力和反应空速对加氢反应结果的影响。结果表明：丁醛加氢制丁醇的数学模拟结果与生产数据吻合良好。     

可吸收球囊制作的实验研究

目的研究以可降解吸收的高分子材料制成的可吸收球囊的生物学性能及其用于椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的可行性。方法采用可吸收高分子材料——DL-乳酸与ε-己内酯（70：30）的共聚物（PDLLA—CL）制造直径1．9cm的可吸收球囊，进行体外降解试验和动物实验，观察胫骨上端回植骨块的愈合情况及球囊的吸收情况。结果可吸收球囊的初始拉伸强度为8．5MPa，2周后为4．2MPa，于体外24周可完全降解。载负磷酸钙骨水泥的可吸收球囊的动物实验显示，于16周时，球囊已部分吸收，胫骨上端开槽处回植骨块愈合良好，无骨膜反应和排斥反应。结论采用PDLIA—CL研制的可吸收球囊，一方面具有良好的生物相容性，对机体正常组织结构无不良影响；另一方面具备良好的机械性能，可以将灌注入内的磷酸钙骨水泥与周围组织形成一个良好的分割屏障，有效防止骨水泥的渗漏。     

我院儿科1995～1997年抗菌药物应用的调查分析

新生儿、婴幼儿在生理结构、免疫防御功能等方面具有与成人不同的特点，使感染性疾病在小儿中多见，因此抗菌药物在儿科领域中的应用十分广泛。本文试从我院病案室随机抽取1995—1997年儿科住院病历300份，调查分析抗菌药物在儿科病人中的应用情况，以期为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供有益信息。1材料与方法采用回顾性调查方法，随机从病案室抽取1995～1997年住院病历300份（病例300例），每年度平均抽取100份，进行有关抗生素的使用情况调查，包括：抗生素名称、种类、病种，是否进行细菌培养和药敏试验，抗生素的联用情况等。2结果2．1病种分…     

新生儿呼吸道解剖特点与其临床意义

为适应新生儿外科发展和临床工作需要,我们观测了50例新生儿呼吸道的解剖。本文就有关气管内插管问题进行讨论如下。材料与方法本组材料用10％甲醛溶液固定新生儿尸体38具,另12具将死后尸体浸泡消毒12小时后进行解剖。男性27例,女性23例。日龄从生后数小时至33天为     

糖尿病大鼠肾组织RANTES表达的研究

目的探讨链脲佐菌素（saz）诱导的糖尿病大鼠肾组织RANTES的表达及与24小时尿白蛋白、血糖的关系。方法sD大鼠随机分为正常对照组和糖尿病组，每组15只。于实验第4周、8周、12周末，两组随机选出5只大鼠检测24小时尿白蛋白和血糖，通过RT—PCR、ELISA法检测肾皮质RANTES表达。结果通过RT—PCR及ELISA检测，RANTES表达在第12周糖尿病组较正常对照组显著增加（P〈O．01）；24小时尿白蛋白在第8周、第12周糖尿病组显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论糖尿病大鼠肾组织RANTES表达增加，并且与24小时尿白蛋白存在正相关。     

人脐动脉平滑肌细胞原代培养方法的比较

目的比较人脐动脉平滑肌细胞（HUASMC）两种原代培养方法的优劣。方法分离脐动脉，剥离中膜，将其剪成小块，贴块法将小块直接接种于培养瓶中；酶解法①单用胶原酶Ⅰ（0．2％）分别消化5小时、8小时、24小时后接种于培养瓶，②分别用胶原酶Ⅰ（0．2％）消化3小时和胰蛋白酶（0．25％）消化2小时，接种于培养瓶。结果贴块法6天可以见到细胞从组织块周围游出，20～30天后可以进行传代；单用胶原酶Ⅰ消化24小时可以见到少量细胞，但由于细胞数少，无法进行传代；单用胶原酶Ⅰ消化5小时和8小时以及用胶原酶Ⅰ和胰蛋白酶联合消化均未见到贴壁生长的细胞。结论HUASMC原代培养贴块法较酶解法简便经济且成功率较高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.