Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Induced by Tunicamycin and Antagonistic Effect of Tiantai No.1(天泰1号) on Mesenchymal Stem Cells

<正>Objective:Changes of the internal and external cellular environments can induce calcium homeostasis disorder and unfolded protein aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER).This ER function disorder is called endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS).Severe long-term ERS can trigger the ER apoptosis signaling pathway,resulting in cell apoptosis and organism injury.Recent researches revealed that ERS-induced cell death was involved in the neurocyte retrogradation in the progress of neuron degenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease and so on.Therefore,the protection effect of the traditional Chinese drug——Tiantai No.1(天泰1号) on the ERS injury of AD was investigated at the molecular gene level in this study with a view to explore the gene pharmacodynamic actions and mechanisms of this drug.Methods: Primarily cultured marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) of rats were treated by tunicamycin(TM) in order to induce ERS.RT-PCR,fluorescence immunocytochemistry and Western blot techniques were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of the protective stress protein-ER molecular chaperones GRP78 and GRP94(which would assist cells to resist cellular stress injury),and to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of apoptosis promoting molecule Caspase-12 on the membrane of the ER,respectively. Results:Protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 were significantly increased in the TM-induced MSCs, and the mRNA level of Caspase-12 was also remarkably increased in the TM-induced MSCs(P0.05).All these proved that the ERS model was successfully established by TM in MSC.Meanwhile,the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and GRP94 were all significantly increased compared with the model group(P0.05 or P0.01) after MSCs were treated with Tiantai No.1 while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-12 were significantly decreased compared with the model group(P0.05 or P0.01).This effect showed a dose dependent manner.Conclusion:Tiantai No.1 might attenuate the cell apoptosis induced by ERS injury,and thus protect the neurons against AD.     

Changes of Apoptosis in Rats of Acute Ischemic Renal Injury under Treatment of Tetrandrine

Objective To elucidate the effect of tetrandrine on acute ischemic renal injury and its relation with apoptosis.Methods A model for bilateral post-ischemic renal injury in rats was developed by clamping renal pedicles for 45 min.Renal tissular DNA fragmentation analysis and renal tissular HE staining were used.Also quantitative analysis of apoptosis in injured renal tubular epithelium was carried out by using TdT-mediated dUTP nick and labeling(TUNEL).Results Apoptosis of renal tubular epithelium increased in acute ischemic renal injury.Tetrandrine could remarkably decrease the level of apoptosis in injured renal tubule while protecting renal tissue against the ischemic injuries.Conclusion Tetrandrine could adjust the level of apoptosis in renal tubular epithelium and alleviate renal tissular injury.     

Differential activation of mitogen—activated protein kinases by γ—irradiation in IEC—6 cells：Role of intracelluklar Ca^2＋

Abstract Objective:To explore the effects of γ-irradiation on mitogen-activatedprotein kinases(MAPKs) and role intracellular calcium in this event in intestinal epithelial cell line 6(IEC-6 cells).Methods:After cultured rat IIEC-6 cells with or without the pretreatment of intracellular Ca^2 chelator were exposed to γ-ir-radiation of 6 Gy, the total and phosphorylated MAPKs in the cells were determined with Western blotting and apoptosis was examined with flow cytometry.Activities of Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) and p38 MAPK were determined by using immuoprecipitation followed by Western blotting.Results:In response to γ-irradiation,phosphorylation of ERK was not significantly observed ,while the levels of phos-phorylated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase(JNK) and p38 MAPK were increased in 30 min and reached the peak 2h after exposure to 6Gy γ-irradiation,though the cell viability was significantly lowered 12h.On the other hand, no obvious changes were seen in the total protein levels of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK.Chelation of in-tracellular Ca^2 almost completely suppressed the JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation induced by γ-irradiation is a potent activator for JNK and p38 MAPK, and Ca^2 mobilized from intracellular stores plays an important role in the activation of MAPKs and the induction of apoptosis in IEC-6 cells.     

DETECTION OF B LYMPHOMA CELLS UNDERGOING APOPTOSIS BY ANNEXIN—V ASSAY

Objecte.To quantitatively analyze apoptotic and secondary necrotic cells under apoptosis conditions.Methods.The cells of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell line Raji were incubated with 1.0μmol/L dexamethaone(DEX) for 2,4 and 8h respectively,then stained with Annexin V-FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated)which was used to detect the exposed phosphatidylserine(PS) on the epimembrane resulting from a loss of phospholipid asymmetry in the early stage of apoptosis ,and also stained with propidium iodide(PI)which allows analysis of secondary necrotic cells related with cell membrane and DNA damage that probably represent late stage of apoptosis,then apoptotic cells were quantified by flow cytometry(FCM).Furthermore,Annexin^ /PI^- and Annexin^ /PI^ cells were sorted by fluoresence-activated cell sorter(FACS),and identified by electron microscopy(EM)and DNA gel electrophoresis.Reuslts.The percentage of apoptotic cells was fund to increase with the incubation time(r=0.97).This method was senitive with low detection limit(0.02%) ,and was reproducible with low coefficient variance (CV)(4.2%).Meanwhile,the Annexin^ /PI^- and Annexin^ /PI^- cells were identified as apoptotic and necrotic cells under EM,and DNA extracted from the Annexin^ /PI^- cell was characteriazed by “ladder pattern“.Conclusions.Annexin-V assay is a specific,sensitive,accurate,reproductive and quantitative method for analyzing apoptotic cells.     

Expression of NF-κB in Schwann cells and its effect on motor neuron apoptosis in spinal cord following sciatic nerves injury in rats

Objective: To explore the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in Schwann cells (SCs) and its effect on motor neuron apoptosis in spinal cord following sciatic nerves injury in adult rats. Methods: Thirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided randomly into normal control group (n=6), and sciatic nerves crushing group (n=30). and the later was further equally randomized into 5 subgroups: 1. 3. 7. 11. and 21 d post-injury groups. The expression of NF-κB of normal and injured nerves were examined by immunohistochemistry staining, and the apoptosis of motor neurons in spinal cord of lumbar 4 to lumbar 6 (L4-L6) was investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNED assay. Both were quantitated by image analysis. Results: In crushing group, except 21 d post-injury group, the expression of NF-κB was markedly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). At 1 d after sciatic nerves crushing, the expression of NF-κB was obviously up-regulated, reached peak at 3 d. and recovered at 21 d. The same trend was observed in the time-course on motor neuron apoptosis after sciatic nerves injury. Correlation analyses revealed that motor neuron apoptosis was significantly and positively correlated with the expression of NF-κB following sciatic nerves injury (r=0. 976 0,P<0. 01). Conclusion: After injury of sciatic nerves, the presence and up-regulation of NF-κB in SCs may be involved in motor neuron apoptosis in L4-L6 spinal cord.     

DNA damage response in resting and proliferating peripheral blood lymphocytes treated by camptothecin or X-ray

DNA damage response (DDR) in different cell cycle status of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the role of H2AX in DDR were investigated. The PBLs were stimulated into cell cycle with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The apoptotic ratio and the phosphorylation H2AX (S139) were flow cytometrically measured in resting and proliferating PBLs after treatment with camptothecin (CPT) or X-ray. The expressions of γH2AX, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blotting. DDR in 293T cells was detected after H2AX was silenced by RNAi method. Our results showed that DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were both induced in quiescent and proliferating PBLs after CPT or X-ray treatment. The phosphorylation of H2AX and apoptosis were more sensitive in proliferating PBLs compared with quiescent lymphocytes (P<0.05). The expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 were reduced and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased. No significant changes were observed in CPT-induced apoptosis in 293T cells between H2AX knocking down group and controls. It was concluded that proliferating PBLs were more vulnerable to DNA damage compared to non-stimulated lymphocytes and had higher apoptosis rates. γH2AX may only serve as a marker of DNA damage but exert no effect on apoptosis regulation.     

Evidence of apoptotic smooth muscle cells in proliferative intima of injured arteries

Objective To investigate the occurrence and extent of apoptosis in the course of restenosis. Methods The experimental models of vessel narrowness and intima thickness were established in minipigs’ iliac arteries by balloon injury and specimens were retrieved on the 1st, 3rd, 6th,12th and 30th days for dynamic observation. Apoptotic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase- mediated dUTP nick- end labeling (TUNEL). Results Apoptotic SMCs occurred only in the thickened intima 12 days after injury accompanied with the proliferative SMCs, the percentage of apoptosis was 1. 94%±0. 42% on the 12th day and 1. 36%±0. 31% on the 30th day respectively. The low frequency of apoptosis compared with the proliferative SMCs was a feature in the restenotic pathology. Conclusions Apoptosis participates in the pathogenetic process of intimal thickening and its level was low compared with proliferation. The findings suggest that attempts to modulate apoptosis after vessel injury constitute a theoretical approach to the prevention of restenosis.     

Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine Serum on the Apoptosis of Sinoatrial Node Cells Induced by Simulated Ischemia-reperfusion

Objective:To study the effect of Chinese herbal medicine Kangxin Fumai Granule(康心复脉颗粒 Granule for heart diseases) serum on the primary cultured sinoatrial node(SAN) cell apoptosis induced by simulated ischemia-reperfusion(IR).Methods:The SAN cells removed from SAN tissue of neonatal Wistar rats were cultured and purified with differential attachment and 5’-bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) treatment.Simulated IR model was adopted.The obtained cells were morphologically observed with inverted microscopy.By using the method of serum pharmacology,the cell apoptosis was measured with TUNEL staining qualitatively and with flow cytometry quantitatively.Results:Three kinds of cells were observed in the cultured SAN cells:spindle,triangle and irregular.The spindle cells comprised the greatest proportion.The SAN cells in the model group showed moderate positive brown staining in the nucleus,and the apoptosis rate increased significantly compared to that in the control group(P<0.01).While the SAN cells in the Kangxin Fumai Granule high-dose group did not demonstrated positive staining in the nucleus,and the apoptosis rate decreased significantly compared to that in the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Of the cells cultured from SAN,the spindle cells were pacemaker cells of SAN in rats.Blockade and/or inhibition of the SAN cell apoptosis might be one of the important mechanisms of Kangxin Fumai Granule in preventing and treating sinoatrial injury induced by simulated IR.     

Pro-apoptotic role of NF-κB pathway inhibition in lipopolysaccharide stimulated polymorphonuclear neutrophils

Objective To investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated apoptosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).Methods Rats with acute lung injury induced by LPS intratracheal instillation and cultured human venous PMNs were studied. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and gliotoxin were used as NF-κB inhibitors. Additionally, to explore the role of extracellularly regulated protein kinase as an upstream signal in NF-κB pathway on regulating LPS-stimulated PMN apoptosis, PD098059, the specific inhibitor of extracellularly regulated protein kinase, was also applied. The lung injury was determined by protein content and PMN numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PMN apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) end labeling and DNA fragmentation. IκBα degradation was analyzed by Western blot. NF-κB DNA binding activity was detected by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Results (1) The increase of protein content and PMN numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid induced by LPS (100μg per rat) intratracheal instillation were alleviated by PDTC (50, 100, or 200mg/kg, i. p. ) in a dose-dependent manner. (2) PMNs apoptosis in vivo or in vitro was delayed by LPS, and accelerated by PDTC, gliotoxin or PD098059 pretreatment. (3) IκBα degradation and increased NF-KB DNA binding activity mediated by LPS were inhibited by PDTC, gliotoxin or PD098059 pretreatment.Conclusion Inhibition of either NF-κB itself or the upstream signals in NF-κB pathway such as extracellularly regulated protein kinases has therapeutic effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury, in which the dysregulation of PMN apoptosis plays an important role.     

Antioxidant properties of magnesium lithospermate B contribute to the cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury invivo and invitro

OBJECTIVE: To determine the cardioprotective effect of magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and to investigate the antioxidant potential in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: MI/R injury was induced by the occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 3 h in rats. After reperfusion, hearts were harvested to assess infarct size, histopathological damages, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Blood samples were col- lected to determine serum levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin (cTnI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Furthermore, simulatedischemia/reperfusion (SI/R) injury in vitro was established by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) for 2 h followed by 24-hour recovery period in cardiomyocytes. The activity of LDH in the cultured supernatant and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), SOD and MDA in cardiomyocytes were also measured. Finally, cardiomyocytes apoptosis was determined with flow cytometry. RESULTS: MLB significantly limited infarct size, ameliorated histopathological damages and prevented leakage of CK-MB, cTnI and LDH. Additionally, SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH activities were notably increased by MLB, along with the MDA content decreased as compared with the model group in rats. In vitro study, MLB also decreased LDH activity in the cultured supernatant, increased SOD activity in cardiomyocytes, reduced intracellular ROS and MDA levels, and significantly suppressed cardiomyocytes apoptosis. CONCLUSION: MLB possessed remarkably cardioprotective effects on MI/R injury in vivo and in vitro. The protection of MLB may contribute to its antioxidant properties.     

大鼠液压脑损伤后bax/bcl-xL 的表达在mRNA和蛋白质水平的相关性

目的：探讨脑创伤后bax/bcl-xL在mRNA和蛋白水平的变化规律及其与神经细胞凋亡发生、发展的关系。方法：在液压脑损伤模型中,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应、免疫组化分别检测大鼠脑创伤后不同时程bax和bcl-xL表达;采用凋亡原位末端标记、电镜超微结构、DNA凝胶电泳观察脑创伤后细胞凋亡的形态和生化特征。结果：伤后6 h,bcl-xL mRNA表达下调［伤侧半球为对侧的(67.42±7.5 4)%］,bcl-xL蛋白水平下降［伤侧为对侧的(85.85±5.72)%］。伤后3 d,bcl-xL mRNA和 bcl-xL蛋白表达分别为对侧的(39.97±3.61)%和(57.50±6.21)%;bax mRNA和bax蛋白分别为对侧半球的(203.95±17.53)%和(189.02±7.23)%。伤后bax/bcl-xL比率升高比细胞凋亡提前出现,早期由于bcl-xL的表达下降,后期主要是由于bax的升高所致。结论：细胞凋亡及其调节基因的表达间具有一致性;脑创伤对bax和 bcl-xL 的调节发生在转录水平以前的某一环节。bax/bcl-xL平衡体系的维持或紊乱影响脑创伤后神经细胞生存或死亡。     

21-氨基类固醇类药物U-74389G对创伤性脑水肿的影响

目的：探讨21-氨基类固醇类药物U-74389G对脑外伤后脑水肿和离子含量的影响。方法：分别采用干/湿质量法测定伤后脑含水量,原子吸收光谱分析法测定脑组织内离子含量。结果：伤侧脑组织含水量外伤组较对照组显著增加,但治疗组含水量比外伤组又显著降低。Na+、Ca2+含量外伤组较对照组明显增加,但治疗组比外伤组显著降低;K+、Mg2+含量外伤组较对照组明显降低,但治疗组较外伤组有不同程度的升高。结论：U-74389G能有效地减轻脑外伤后脑水肿     

21-氨基类固醇类药物U-74389G对创伤性脑水肿的影响

目的：探讨２１－氨基类固醇类药物Ｕ－７４３８９Ｇ对脑外伤后脑水肿和离子含量的影响。方法：分别采用干／湿质量法测定伤后脑含量,原子吸收光谱分析法测定脑组织内离子含量。结果：伤侧脑组织含水量外伤组较对照组显著增加,但治疗组含不量比外伤组又显著降低。Ｎａ＾＋、Ｃａ＾２＋含量外伤组较对照组明显增加,但治疗组比外伤组显著降低;Ｋ＾、Ｍｇ２＋含量外伤组较对照组明显降低,但治疗组较外伤组有不同程度的升高。结论：     

榄香烯体外诱导急性白血病细胞凋亡的研究

目的 探讨榄香烯诱导白血病细胞凋亡的作用及其机制。方法 采用MTT法、荧光显微镜、透射电镜、流式细胞术（FCM）、DNA电泳方法观察榄香烯对HL．60白血病细胞株的促凋亡作用，并进行细胞周期分析和采用RT-PCR、FCM检测bcl-2基因表达的变化。结果 榄香烯在体外诱导HL-60细胞凋亡，呈细胞凋亡典型的形态和生化特征，可见凋亡小体和梯形条带，并具有时间剂量依赖性，凋亡率最高达51．8％，在凋亡过程中细胞阻滞于S期，并检测到bcl-2基因表达下调。结论 榄香烯具有诱导细胞凋亡的作用，其机制可能与bcl-2基因表达下调有关。     

U-74389G PRETREATMENT ATTENUATING WARM ISCHEMIA INJURY IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Objective To investigate the protective role of lazaroid U-74389G pretreatment against warm ischemia injury of rat liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors. Methods Rat othortopic liver transplantation was perfomed in 4 groups (N-45, N-60, pN-45 and pN-60 ), according to pretreatment with U-74389G or not, and the non-heart-beating time 45rain or 60rain before donor liver harvested. Survival rates, liver functions, MDA values and graft pathology of each group were compared. Results The one-week survival rates of Group N-45, N-60 , pN-45 and pN-60 were25% (2/8), 0% (0/8), 58.3% (7/12) and 33.3% ( 4/12 ), respectively. U-74389G pretreatment significantly increased survival rate of rat liver trans-plantation from non-heart-beating donors, but also improved liver functions and graft pathologies, as well as decreased MDA expression. Conclusion U-74389G pretreatment could attenuate warm ischemia reperfusion injury of rat liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors.     

茶多酚抗晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的体外研究及机制

目的：探讨抗氧化剂茶多酚对氧化损伤所诱发的晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的抑制作用和相关机制.方法：分离培养兔晶状体上皮细胞,茶多酚处理24～72h后,采用透射电镜、流式细胞术、凋亡细胞DNA片断分析检测茶多酚抗晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的作用,并用Western-blot检测凋亡相关蛋白bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3蛋白表达变化,揭示茶多酚抑制晶状体上皮细胞凋亡的相关机制.结果：氧化损伤型晶状体上皮细胞生理盐水处理组中,凋亡细胞增多,G1期细胞升高,DNA片断分析呈现典型的凋亡细胞特征性“梯状条带”;茶多酚处理组中,凋亡细胞明显减少,G1期细胞降低,未出现特征性“梯状条带”,凋亡相关蛋白bcl-2增多、Bax降低、caspase-3蛋白减少.结论：抗氧化剂茶多酚可抑制H2O2氧化损伤所诱导的兔晶状体上皮细胞凋亡并减轻或延缓白内障形成,其机制与bcl-2、Bax及细胞凋亡过程中最重要的终末执行酶caspase-3蛋白表达变化密切相关.     

Bcl-2抑制CD3ε分子介导的T淋巴细胞凋亡

目的 研究Ｂｃｌ－２过量表达对人Ｊｕｒｋａｔ Ｔ淋巴细胞凋亡的影响。方法 采用电穿地将ｂｃｌ－２基因表达载体转ε阳性的人Ｊｕｒｋａｔ Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＴＪＫ）,获得稳定Ｂｃｌ－２的细胞株（ＴＪＫ／Ｂｃｌ－２）后,用抗ＣＤ８单克隆抗体刺激和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡结果 Ｂｃｌ－２过量表达可显著抑制ＴＪＫ细胞凋亡。结果 Ｂｃｌ－２参与ＣＤ３ε介导的Ｔ淋巴细胞凋亡的调控     

膜粘连蛋白Ⅱ通过保护血脑屏障促进小鼠颅脑创伤后早期神经功能的恢复

目的 评估外源性重组膜粘连蛋白Ⅱ(annexin 2,A2)对创伤性颅脑损伤后血脑屏障以及早期神经功能预后的影响,探讨A2蛋白作为脑创伤治疗靶点的可能性.方法 在成年雄性小鼠上建立控制性皮质损伤模型(controlled cortical impact,CCI),检测伤前与伤后不同时间点伤侧半球脑组织中内源性A2蛋白的表达.随后,小鼠CCI伤后通过尾静脉注射重组人源性A2蛋白,并检测血脑屏障通透性、大脑半球组织含水量、紧密连接蛋白表达量、海马区神经元数量、伤灶体积及早期行为学改变.结果 从CCI后3d起,A2蛋白表达明显增高,并在7d时达到高峰(P＜0.05),此后蛋白表达逐渐下降,21 d恢复到基值;伤前内皮细胞几乎不表达A2蛋白,伤后在伤侧部分内皮细胞表达A2蛋白.在伤后2h给予重组A2蛋白能显著降低血脑屏障通透性从而降低脑组织中Evans蓝(Evans blue,EB)渗出量(P＜0.05),增加ZO-1蛋白表达(P＜0.05),减少伤后CA1和CA3区神经元丢失,CA1区和CA3区平均神经元存活数量分别为159.5和131,6,均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),并促进伤后7d内运动功能康复(P＜0.05).能够减少致伤后脑组织含水量,但不具有统计学差异(P＞0.05),两组间伤灶体积也无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 在创伤性颅脑损伤早期,给予重组人A2蛋白能提高内皮细胞ZO-1合成,保护血脑屏障,减轻神经组织继发性损伤,促进伤后神经功能恢复.     

U-74389G suppresses lipid peroxidation and apoptosis following focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats

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Bcl-2反义核酸增强青蒿琥酯诱导K562细胞凋亡

目的:研究bcl-2反义核酸增强青蒿琥酯对人慢性粒细胞白血病K562细胞株诱导凋亡效应. 方法:合成bcl-2反义核酸(ASON)导入K562细胞,应用Western blot法检测bcl-2蛋白的表达,TUNEL技术、流式细胞仪法(FCM法)检测细胞凋亡. 结果:bcl-2反义核酸(ASON)能明显抑制bcl-2蛋白的表达. 青蒿琥酯在1～7 mg/L浓度范围内能分别明显抑制K562细胞的增殖,并具有时间和浓度依赖性, 7 mg/L青蒿琥酯作用72 h的K562细胞株A值最低. 原位细胞凋亡检测可见细胞变小,核固缩为一个或多个染色质团块,与未经ASON转染的K562细胞株相比,经bcl-2 ASON转染的K562细胞株对青蒿琥酯的诱导凋亡作用更加明显;FCM法出现低于G1期DNA含量的亚二倍体凋亡峰,细胞凋亡主要发生在G1/S期,与未经ASON转染的K562细胞株相比,经bcl-2 ASON转染的K562细胞凋亡率显著增加. 结论:青蒿琥酯在体外一定浓度范围内可诱导K562细胞株凋亡,bcl-2反义核酸可增强青蒿琥酯诱导K562细胞凋亡的作用.