降钙素基因相关肽抑制白细胞介素-1介导骨的吸收作用

目的　了解白细胞介素 - 1β(IL - 1β)在破骨细胞性骨吸收中的刺激作用 ,并评价降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的拮抗效果 .方法　将新生大鼠破骨细胞和成骨细胞混合培养 ,接种于预置象牙片的培养板中 .2 4 h后培养液中分别加入 IL-1β和不同浓度的 CGRP.继续培养 4 8h,然后取出象牙片 ,超声处理后行甲苯胺蓝染色 ,光镜下观察骨吸收陷窝数目并计算其总面积 .结果　 IL - 1β明显增加象牙片上吸收陷窝的数目 (37.2± 8.2 vs 2 2 .4± 5 .7) per slice (P <0 .0 1)和面积(μm2 ,976 1± 2 775 vs4 2 2 4± 1381,P<0 .0 1) ,而 CGRP则能够显著抑制 IL- 1β的刺激作用 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,且抑制作用呈剂量依赖性 (r1 =- 0 .5 6 ,P<0 .0 1;r2 =- 0 .4 9,P<0 .0 5 ) .结论　 CGRP可直接作用于破骨细胞并抑制其活化 ,并调节成骨细胞相关因子的释放而间接影响破骨细胞功能 .     

牙周炎动物模型的研究

目的：建立一种典型、稳定的牙周炎动物模型。方法：将24只健康大耳白兔随机分为4组，磨牙颈部结扎钢丝，在兔的牙周组织注射IL－1－β、TNF－α，以生理盐水为对照，分不同时期取材做组织学观察和评价。结果：实验组15d后牙龈组织血管扩张充血，牙槽骨改建活跃，有大量的骨吸收陷窝及破骨细胞，并有新骨形成和成骨细胞出现，30d后仅表现为大量的骨吸收陷窝及破骨细胞，无成骨现象，且以联合应用IL－1－β、TNF-α组最为显著。结论：IL－1－β、TNF－α在建立牙周炎动物模型中有重要作用。     

组织块法与传统破骨细胞培养方法对骨吸收功能的比较研究

目的：比较组织块法与传统破骨细胞培养方法对破骨细胞骨吸收功能的影响。方法：用组织块法与传统破骨细胞培养方法进行破骨细胞培养,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP）染色鉴定破骨细胞,超声去除骨片上细胞后,骨片经1%甲苯胺蓝染色,光镜下观察骨片上吸收陷窝。根据骨片上陷窝数目、面积以及深度定量比较两组破骨细胞骨吸收功能。结果：吸收陷窝经甲苯胺蓝染色后光镜下可清晰识别,组织块法在骨片上的吸收陷窝数目比传统法明显少,而且骨片上陷窝面积及深度也比传统法小而浅（P〈0.05）。结论：组织块法培养的破骨细胞无论从数量上还是从功能上均没有传统法培养的好。数量大的成骨细胞对共培养破骨细胞骨吸收功能起到负面作用。     

饲补肾中药大鼠血清对成骨细胞-破骨细胞共育系中破骨细胞功能的影响

目的探讨喂饲补肾中药大鼠血清在成骨细胞-破骨细胞培养体系中对破骨细胞骨吸收功能的影响。方法取SD大鼠的胎鼠颅骨与四肢骨分别分离、培养成骨细胞和破骨细胞,利用共育系使二者生活在同一环境中,施加高、中、低剂量的饲补肾中药大鼠血清,并与对照组及单独培养的破骨细胞进行比较,酶动力学法测定培养上清中抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRACP)的活性,利用甲苯胺蓝对骨吸收陷窝染色并在Leica Quantimet 500图像分析仪下测定骨吸收陷窝的面积和数目。结果共育系中对TRACP活力的抑制及骨陷窝面积与数目的减少以中剂量组作用最为明显(与对照组比较P<0.01),单独培养3个剂量组与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),以中剂量组作用最为明显(P<0.01)。结论饲补肾中药大鼠血清可以抑制共育系中破骨细胞的骨吸收功能。     

血小板衍生生长因子-BB在成骨细胞-破骨细胞培养体系中的生物学作用

目的　探讨血小板衍生生长因子（PDGF）-BB在成骨细胞-破骨细胞培养体系中对破骨细胞骨吸收功能的影响。方法　体外分离、培养成人成骨细胞和破骨细胞,利用复合培养系统使二者生活在同一环境中;在复合培养体系中施加不同浓度的PDGF-BB或者PDGF-BB+L-单甲基精氨酸(L-NMMA);酶动力学法测定培养上清中抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）的活性;利用甲苯胺蓝对骨吸收陷窝染色并在图像分析仪下测定骨吸收陷窝的面积和数目。结果　在PDGF-BB单独作用下,复合培养体系中TRAP的活性不随POGF-BB的浓度发生明显变化（P>0.05）,骨吸收陷窝的面积和数目PDGF-BB均与对照组比较,无明显变化（P>0.05）;在加入L-单甲基精氨酸后,随着PDGF-BB的浓度递增,培养上清中TRAP活性从1.46U/L±0.10U/L升高至最高为2.47U/L±0.38U/L（P<0.01）;骨吸收陷窝的面积和数目分别从436μ     

牙周炎动物模型的研究

目的 :建立一种典型、稳定的牙周炎动物模型。方法 :将 2 4只健康大耳白兔随机分为 4组 ,磨牙颈部结扎钢丝 ,在兔的牙周组织注射 IL - 1-β、TNF-α,以生理盐水为对照 ,分不同时期取材做组织学观察和评价。结果 :实验组 15 d后牙龈组织血管扩张充血 ,牙槽骨改建活跃 ,有大量的骨吸收陷窝及破骨细胞 ,并有新骨形成和成骨细胞出现 ,30 d后仅表现为大量的骨吸收陷窝及破骨细胞 ,无成骨现象 ,且以联合应用 IL - 1-β、TNF-α组最为显著。结论 :IL - 1-β、TNF-α在建立牙周炎动物模型中有重要作用。     

小檗碱对大鼠骨髓源性破骨细胞的分化及骨吸收功能的影响

目的：研究小檗碱对破骨细胞分化及骨吸收功能的影响,探讨小檗碱抑制骨吸收的细胞学基础。 方法：采用原代培养的成骨细胞和骨髓单核细胞联合培养的方法,在1,25-（OH）2维生素D3和地塞米松作用下,使骨髓单核细胞分化形成破骨细胞。通过相差显微镜观察细胞形态,通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate—resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP）染色和观察骨片上骨吸收陷窝的形成鉴定破骨细胞。磷酸苯二钠法测定破骨细胞抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的活性,计算机图像分析技术测定骨片上破骨性骨吸收陷窝的面积。 结果：小檗碱在0．1～10μmol／L范围内,浓度依赖性地抑制TRAP阳性多核破骨细胞的形成和TRAP活性,减少破骨性骨吸收陷窝的面积;在10μmol／L浓度下,对破骨细胞的抑制作用最强,对TRAP阳性多核破骨细胞的形成和TRAP活性的抑制率分别达到了60．45％和42．12％,骨吸收陷窝面积减少72．69％。 结论：小檗碱通过抑制破骨细胞的形成、分化和骨吸收功能减少骨质的丢失。     

低浓度唑来膦酸对成骨细胞和破骨细胞影响的体外实验

目的：观察低浓度(10-6 mol/L)唑来膦酸(zoledronate acid,ZA)对体外大鼠破骨细胞及成骨细胞的影响。方法体外分别培养大鼠来源的成骨细胞和破骨细胞,将两种细胞各分为两组：空白对照组及低浓度(10-6 mol/L)ZA组。应用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色、图像分析计算骨吸收陷窝面积,检测破骨细胞形态及骨吸收情况。碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)染色、四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法了解成骨细胞的形态及增殖情况。结果培养1周后破骨细胞具有典型的形态特征,并在骨片上形成了吸收陷窝;ZA组与对照组相比,破骨细胞数量及生成吸收陷窝的数目和面积减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。成骨细胞有典型的梭形、ALP染色阳性特征,培养至第7天ZA组成骨细胞光吸收值(3.37±0.11)高于对照组(2.87±0.12),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论低浓度(10-6 mol/L)的ZA能够抑制破骨细胞的增殖和活性,促进成骨细胞的增殖,选择恰当给药方式和剂量能够在抑制破骨的同时促进成骨。     

低氧/低氧诱导因子-1α通路对成骨细胞与破骨细胞耦联的调控作用

目的 探讨低氧/低氧诱导因子(HIF) -1α通路对成骨细胞与破骨细胞耦联的调控作用.方法 取出生2～3d条件性基因敲除小鼠颅盖骨的成骨细胞与4～8周龄C57BL/6小鼠股骨破骨细胞的前体细胞,建立基因敲除小鼠成骨细胞与破骨细胞前体细胞共培养体系(野生型、HIF-1α-/-、Vhl-/-、HIF - 1α-/-/Vhl -/-共培养).采用RT-PCR技术检测成骨细胞中核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL) mRNA和骨保护素(OPG) mRNA的表达以及破骨细胞中标志酶基因TRAP mRNA的表达,甲苯胺蓝染色观察破骨细胞溶骨形成的骨陷窝.结果 RT-PCR检测结果显示:与野生型共培养比较,HIF-1α-/-共培养的成骨细胞中RANKL mRNA表达上调、OPG mRNA表达下调(均P＜0.05),破骨细胞TRAP mRNA表达上调;Vhl-/-共培养和HIF-1α-/-/Vhl-/-共培养的成骨细胞中RANKL mRNA表达下调、OPG mRNA表达显著上调(均P＜0.05),破骨细胞TRAP mRNA表达下调;随着共培养时间的延长,成骨细胞中RANKL mRNA和OPG mRNA表达均逐渐减少,而破骨细胞TRAP mRNA表达均逐渐增加.甲苯胺蓝染色倒置显微镜观察显示:共培养第9天,破骨细胞骨吸收陷窝出现;随着共培养时间的延长,骨吸收陷窝面积和深度逐渐增加;与野生型共培养比较,HIF-1α-/-共培养的破骨细胞骨吸收陷窝较大且较深,Vhl-/-和HIF-1α-/-/Vhl-/-共培养的破骨细胞骨吸收陷窝较小且较浅.结论 低氧/HIF-1α通路激活后,成骨细胞抑制破骨细胞的分化功能;低氧/HIF-1α通路阻断后,成骨细胞促进破骨细胞的分化功能.     

葛根素对体外破骨细胞性骨吸收的影响

目的研究葛根素对体外破骨细胞性骨吸收的影响.方法分离破骨细胞,与牛骨磨片共培养,分别加入10-8、10-7、10-6 mol/L的葛根素,以17β-雌二醇10-8 mol/L为阳性对照药,利用相差倒置显微镜观察破骨细胞吸收牛骨磨片的情况.于培养3、5、7 d计数各组骨吸收陷窝数目的变化,并进行显微摄片和图像分析.结果与正常对照组相比,葛根素10-8、10-7、10-6 mol/L及17β-雌二醇10-8 mol/L能使体外培养破骨细胞性骨吸收数目和吸收陷窝面积呈剂量依赖性减少.结论葛根素在体外能直接抑制破骨细胞性骨吸收.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.