RNAi沉默FAK基因表达对人舌鳞癌细胞CAL-27凋亡和侵袭的影响

目的 应用RNA干扰技术将FAK基因表达沉默后,观察人舌鳞癌细胞株CAL-27凋亡和侵袭能力的变化.方法 使用RNAi技术构建3对FAK siRNA后,瞬时转染细胞.运用实时定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)法检测FAK mRNA的表达情况,筛选出沉默效率最佳的siRNA用于后续实验.运用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)法检测细胞FAK蛋白的表达情况,流式细胞仪观察细胞的凋亡情况,Transwell侵袭实验观察细胞体外侵袭能力的变化.结果 qPCR实验结果显示转染siRNA-1组、siRNA-2组、siRNA-3组FAK mR-NA表达水平明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P＜0.01),其中以siRNA-3沉默效率最高;Western blot结果显示转染组细胞FAK蛋白表达水平明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P＜0.05);流式细胞仪检测结果显示转染组细胞凋亡率明显高于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P＜0.01);Transwell法实验结果显示转染组细胞穿膜的数量明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P＜0.05).结论 沉默FAK基因表达可诱导舌鳞癌细胞CAL-27的凋亡,有效抑制其侵袭能力.     

RNA干扰PTTG基因对泌乳素型垂体瘤细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的 研究RNA干扰垂体瘤转化基因(PTTG)对泌乳素型垂体瘤细胞(HPA)凋亡的影响并探讨其作用机制.方法 设计并合成靶定PTTG的特异性siRNA片段,转入体外培养HPA细胞,48h后验证siRNA的干扰效应;Annexin V/PI染色法观察PTTG基因沉默对细胞凋亡的影响;RT-PCR和Western blot检测caspase-3在mRNA和蛋白水平表达;caspase活性检测试剂盒检测caspase活性.结果 设计合成的PTTGsiKNA转染后,能够有效抑制体外培养HPA细胞内PTTG表达实现其基因沉默效应;经浓度梯度CDDP诱导24h,转染和未转染细胞均产生细胞凋亡,caspase-3表达增强,并呈现出浓度依赖性;RNA干扰组细胞凋亡率低于未转染组,转染组caspase-3活化受抑,其caspase-3基因表达、蛋白活性均低于未转染组(P<0.05).结论 PTTG在人泌乳素型垂体瘤中过表达,能通过激活caspase-3促进HPA细胞凋亡,可作为该肿瘤临床诊断和基因治疗的新靶点.     

特异性下调GRP78基因表达对卵巢癌细胞耐药性的影响

目的:探讨RNA干扰技术沉默葡萄糖调节蛋白78（GRP78）基因对人卵巢癌细胞耐药性的影响,阐明GRP78基因沉默逆转肿瘤细胞耐药性的生物学机制。方法：构建pSilencerTM3.0-H1-GRP78 siRNA重组质粒,脂质体介导转染至SKOV3/DDP细胞;RT-PCR和Western blotting法检测GRP78基因的蛋白的表达;Western blotting法检测caspase-4和caspase-3蛋白表达;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果：转染GRP78 siRNA重组质粒的SKOV3/DDP细胞GRP78基因和蛋白表达较转染空质粒组明显降低(P<0.05);加用顺铂后,转染GRP78 siRNA重组质粒细胞组较未转染GRP78 siRNA重组质粒细胞组caspase-4和caspase-3表达明显增加(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率也明显增加(P<0.05)。结论：抑制GRP78基因表达能通过上调caspase-4和caspase-3表达及增加顺铂诱导的SKOV3/DDP细胞凋亡率,降低SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂的耐药性。     

SiRNA沉默Livin基因促骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的:研究特异性小分子干扰RNA(siRNA)沉默骨肉瘤MG-63细胞Livin基因对细胞凋亡的影响?方法:设计针对人源Livin基因的siRNA,转染至对数生长期的人骨肉瘤MG-63细胞株;RT-PCR检测转染后骨肉瘤MG-63细胞Livin基因表达的变化,Western blot检测转染后骨肉瘤MG-63细胞Livin蛋白表达的变化,PI染色后流式细胞仪检测转染后细胞凋亡的变化?结果:Livin特异性siRNA转染骨肉瘤MG-63细胞后,Livin基因表达较空白对照和阴性对照显著减少(0.195 ± 0.019 vs 0.539 ± 0.031?0.438 ± 0.029)?Western blot检测结果显示Livin蛋白质水平较空白对照和阴性对照显著减少(0.165 ± 0.022 vs 0.632 ± 0.034?0.625 ± 0.035)?流式细胞仪检测见siRNA组骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡率较对照组明显增加?结论:RNA干扰能有效沉默骨肉瘤MG-63细胞Livin基因表达,促进骨肉瘤MG-63细胞凋亡?     

siRNA沉默Livin基因对顺铂诱导LiBr细胞凋亡及增殖抑制敏感性的影响

目的 为探索沉默Livin基因联合化疗药物提高恶性黑素瘤疗效的可能性和初步机制.方法 在体外以恶性黑素瘤LiBr细胞为研究对象.以低剂量顺铂作用于siRNA沉默Livin后的LiBr细胞.观察沉默Livin基因后LiBr细胞对顺铂诱导的凋亡及增殖抑制敏感性的影响.结果 经TUNEL法和Annexin V-FITC/PI双标法检测凋亡、Western blot检测caspase-3蛋白表达和MTT检测细胞增殖.结果 显示,与单独应用siRNA-3、顺铂相比,siRNA-3联合顺铂可显著诱导细胞凋亡、提高caspase-3活化、抑制细胞增殖.结论 siRNA沉默Livin基因后可明显增加LiBr细胞对顺铂诱导凋亡及增殖抑制的敏感性,恶性黑素瘤的化疗耐药与Livin高表达引起的凋亡抑制密切相关.     

下调FoxM1通过激活JNK/线粒体通路增加人鼻咽癌细胞对紫杉醇的敏感性

目的 探讨特异性小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA) 沉默转录因子叉头框M1(FoxM1) 对人鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞增殖、凋亡、紫杉醇敏感性的影响及可能的分子机制.方法 采用siRNA靶向沉默鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞FoxM1表达并通过RT-PCR、实时定量PCR、Western blot检测转染后FoxM1的表达水平.siRNA转染后细胞的增殖和对紫杉醇的敏感性采用MTT法检测,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布,Annexin V-FITC /PI双染法检测细胞凋亡率.Western blot检测Ki67、CyclinE1、多药耐药基因1(multidrug resistance 1,MDR1) 及c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK) 、p-JNK、 c-Jun、p-c-Jun、凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2的表达水平.结果 转染后FoxM1 mRNA及蛋白的表达均被下调(P＜0. 01) .siRNA转染组细胞增殖速率减缓(P＜0. 05),Ki67表达降低(P＜0. 05) .siRNA转染组G1期细胞比例增加(P＜0. 01),S期比例减低(P＜0. 05),Cyclin E1低表达(P＜0. 01) .同时, siRNA +紫杉醇组凋亡率明显高于阴性及空白对照+ 紫杉醇组(P＜0. 01) .siRNA转染组细胞MDR1水平下降(P＜0. 05),对紫杉醇的敏感性较两对照组明显增强(P＜0. 01) .siRNA + 紫杉醇组与阴性对照+ 紫杉醇组相比p-JNK1、p-c-Jun、Bax表达上调(P＜0. 01),Bcl-2表达下调(P＜0. 01) .结论 特异性siRNA沉默FoxM1表达可以影响JNK/线粒体通路活性,抑制鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞增殖,促进其凋亡,提高其对紫杉醇的敏感性.     

siRNA下调CEACAM1基因表达对人胶质瘤SHG44细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨靶向癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子l(CEACAM1)基因的小干扰RNA(small interfering,siRNA)对人胶质瘤细胞SHG44增殖及凋亡的影响。方法 化学合成3条针对CEACAM1基因的特异性siRNA,采用脂质体法转染SHG44细胞;采用蛋白质印迹法分别检测siRNA转染后SHG44细胞中CEACAM1蛋白及cleaved Caspase-3的表达情况。分别采用细胞计数法及FCM法检测CEACAM1-siRNA对SHG44细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。前期实验分为5组:正常对照组(细胞未经任何处理),阴性对照组(转染非特异性siRNA),CEACAM1-siRNA1组,CEACAM1-siRNA2组和CEACAM1-siRNA3组。根据Western blot结果,选择一种沉默效果最佳的siRNA沉默CEACAM1基因的表达,进行后续试验。后期实验分为3组:正常对照组(细胞未经任何处理)、阴性对照组(转染非特异性siRNA)、CEACAM1-siRNA组(转染沉默效果最佳CEACAM1-siRNA)。结果与正常对照组和阴性对照组比较,Western blot结果显示,3个特异性siRNA转染48 h后,CEACAM1蛋白的表达均降低,以CEACAM1-siRNA3组抑制效果最明显(P<0.01)。后续实验中CEACAM1-siRNA组SHG44细胞的增殖受到抑制,凋亡率增加(P<0.05),并且沉默CEACAM1表达可以上调cleaved Caspase-3的表达(P<0.05)。结论 CEACAM1-siRNA能下调SHG44细胞中CEACAM1蛋白的表达,抑制SHG44细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,CEACAM1基因可能参与了脑胶质瘤的生物学行为。     

RNA干扰技术对HeLa细胞hTERT基因的抑制作用

目的 探讨RNA干扰对宫颈癌HeLa细胞人端粒酶反转录酶基因的抑制效应。方法 化学合成靶向于hTERT基因的siRNA,用阳离子脂质体转染法将其导入宫颈癌细胞内。实验分组:转染组siRNA-1、siRNA-2、siRNA-3、siRNA-4、阴性对照组(siRNA-NC)、空白对照组(Blank)。通过RT-PCR和Western Blot方法分别检测宫颈癌细胞转染后细胞hTERT mRNA和蛋白水平,MTS法检测细胞生长增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。结果 siRNA-3组的端粒酶活性明显下降,hTERT mRNA表达水平显著下降,hTERT蛋白表达明显下降,细胞凋亡率明显升高,与其他各组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论 运用RNAi干扰技术,以hTERT基因为靶点的siRNA能特异性抑制宫颈癌HeLa细胞hTERT基因,下调hTERT mRNA及蛋白表达水平,抑制宫颈癌细胞生长增殖,促进宫颈癌细胞凋亡,为宫颈癌的基因治疗研究提供实验依据。     

血红素加氧酶-1对食管癌细胞株Eca109增殖及凋亡作用的影响

目的 研究血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase,HO-1)对食管癌细胞株Eca109增殖活性及凋亡作用的影响.方法 利用体外设计合成的靶向抑制HO-1的低分子RNA(siRNA)沉默食管鳞癌Eca109细胞HO-1基因的表达,应用RT-PCR、Western blot检测HO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,分别以MTS法、流式细胞术检测干扰HO-1后食管鳞癌Eca109细胞增殖和凋亡水平.结果 RT-PCR、Western blot检测结果显示转染HO-1 siRNA可以成功抑制食管鳞癌Eca109细胞HO-1的表达;与空白组、阴性对照组比较,HO-1 siRNA干扰组Eca109细胞增殖能力明显减弱,细胞凋亡率显著增加.结论 HO-1siRNA可有效沉默食管癌细胞HO-1的表达,抑制细胞的增殖活性,促进细胞的凋亡.     

Cx43沉默抑制机械应力诱导的小鼠软骨细胞凋亡

目的：探讨缝隙连接蛋白43(connexin 43,Cx43)沉默对机械应力诱导的软骨细胞凋亡的影响。方法：将小鼠软骨细胞ATDC5分为空白组、机械应力组、Cx43 siRNA转染组、scramble siRNA转染组、机械应力+scramble组、机械应力+siCx43组。用Flexcell FX-5000系统对体外培养的ATDC5细胞加载机械应力;用定量RT-PCR(quantitative RT-PCR,RT-qPCR)和Western印迹分别检测细胞Cx43 mRNA和蛋白表达水平;用细胞计数试剂盒(cell counting kit-8,CCK-8)法检测细胞活性;用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况;用比色法检测caspase-3活性;用Western印迹检测Bcl-2,Bax,p-JNK和JNK的蛋白表达。结果：经机械应力诱导后,ATDC5细胞Cx43 mRNA和蛋白的表达显著升高(均P<0.05)。转染Cx43 siRNA显著降低细胞Cx43 mRNA和蛋白水平(均P<0.05)。在机械应力刺激下,ATDC5细胞活性显著降低,凋亡增多,caspase-3活性和Bax蛋白表达上调,Bcl-2蛋白表达和Bcl-2/Bax降低(均P<0.05)。而Cx43沉默显著增加机械应力下ATDC5细胞活性,减少凋亡,降低caspase-3活性和Bax蛋白表达,升高Bcl-2蛋白表达和Bcl-2/Bax(均P<0.05)。此外,Cx43 siRNA显著抑制机械应力诱导的p-JNK蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论：Cx43沉默可能通过调节JNK信号通路,抑制机械应力作用下小鼠软骨细胞凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.