Giebel髁钢板在伴发膝外翻畸形的骨性关节炎中的应用

股骨髁上内翻截骨术常用于治疗伴有膝外翻畸形的膝外侧室骨性关节炎.2002年5月至2006年12月,采用股骨髁上内翻截骨Giebel内固定治疗因骨性关节炎并膝外翻畸形的12例(13膝),近期疗效满意,现报告如下.     

截骨矫形"∩"形钉内固定治疗关节畸形55例

目的探讨肘、膝、踝关节内外翻畸形的治疗方式。方法对55例8～16岁的关节内、外翻畸形患儿(肘关节30例，膝15例，踝10例)，采用肘外侧切口，踝、膝内外侧切口，截骨矫形，1枚或2枚“∩”形钉内崮定治疗，术后石膏托外固定4周，结果随访50例，随访时间3～24个月，截骨均达到骨性愈合，无一例发生感染，内固定松动临床疗效优48例(96％)，良2例(4％)。结论用“∩”形钉作为截骨矫形内固定材料．具有操作简单、损伤小、效果好的优点。     

重度膝外翻的外科治疗

目的 :报道 18例重度膝外翻的外科治疗 ,作者对重度膝外翻的畸形成因、截骨平面选择和固定方法进行探讨。方法 :18例病人男 7例 ,女 11例 ,年龄 12～ 3 4岁 ,双侧者 16例 ,共 3 4个膝。术前膝外翻畸形平均 42° ,立位双踝之间的距离最多者 5 5cm。手术方法 :单纯实施股骨髁上截骨者 16膝 ,股骨髁上 胫骨结节下双截骨 18膝。结果 :2 7膝平均随访 16个月 ,畸形完全矫正无并发症者 2 3膝 ,大部矫正者 3膝 ,并发 8°膝内翻者 1膝。结论 :术前精密的手术设计、正确的手术操作、用骨外固定器固定截骨段 ,对不同类型的重度膝外翻可达良好治疗效果。     

膝部截骨组合式外固定支架固定治疗膝外翻13例

[目的]观察股骨髁上、胫骨近端单独或联合截骨组合式外固定支架固定治疗膝外翻13例临床疗效.[方法]13例病人男8例,女5例;年龄8～24岁,单侧10例,双侧3例,共16个膝.术前膝外翻畸形平均26°,立位双踝之间的距离最大者50cm.手术方法:单纯实施股骨髁上截骨11膝,股骨髁上+胫骨结节下双截骨5膝.[结果]16膝随访14～42个月,平均26个月,畸形完全矫正无并发症者14膝,大部矫正者2膝.[结论]术前认真分析X线片,制定周密的手术方案,术中正确操作,应用组合式外固定支架固定截骨段,对治疗不同程度的膝外翻可获得良好疗效.     

新型槽式钢板结合股骨髁上内翻截骨术治疗膝外翻畸形

[目的]探讨股骨髁上内翻截骨术结合新型槽式钢板固定治疗膝外翻畸形的方法和有效性。[方法]自2000年10月~2005年10月之间37例43膝膝外翻患者行股骨髁上闭合楔形截骨术矫正畸形,并使用新型槽式钢板(Giebel钢板/德国Link)固定,其中男7例8膝,女30例35膝;平均年龄为31.2岁(15~70岁)。术前外侧间室有骨关节炎表现者11例13膝,Ahlback分级中Ⅰ度8例10膝,Ⅱ度3例3膝。术前、术后拍摄负重位双膝关节正侧位片及双下肢全长像,测量股骨角及股胫角并进行比较。术后平均1.5年取出内固定并进行随访,了解截骨角度的变化和骨愈合情况,并对骨关节炎患者的疼痛变化进行评价。[结果]所有患者术后膝外翻畸形得到矫正,股骨角由术前的71.7°(62°~75°)矫正到术后的82.1°(78°~85°),平均矫正10.4°(8°~21°)。术后平均随访时间为1.5年(1~2年),34例40膝在术后1年随访时截骨愈合,2例截骨端愈合不佳,经再次手术更换内固定并在截骨处植自体松质骨后获得骨性愈合,1例1膝失随访。伴骨关节炎症状患者中8例10膝术后疼痛明显减轻,3例3膝疼痛消失。[结论]使用新型槽式钢板固定的股骨髁上截骨术手术方便快捷,创伤小,固定安全有效,是一种有效治疗膝外翻畸形的方法。     

介绍一种闭式截骨非金属外固定器治疗膝内翻畸形：———附20例报道

佝偻病引起膝内翻畸形为小儿骨科的常见病,传统的治疗方法对此病年幼者多采用闭合性胫骨折断术,矫正畸形后长腿石膏固定,大年龄者则行截骨矫形钢板内固定后再石膏固定。近年来国内外很多学者相继报道了多种手术截骨治疗膝内、外翻畸形的方法,治疗效果亦不断提高,但如...     

镍钛记忆合金骑缝钉在膝内外翻矫形术中的应用

镍钛记忆合金骑缝钉在膝内外翻矫形术中的应用王德明，赵士厚我院于１９８９～１９９１年对１５例膝内、外翻行截骨后镍钛记忆合金加压骑缝钉内固定。男４例，女１１例。年龄１６～４１岁，平均２０．８岁。手术方法：以膝外翻为例，按术前从Ｘ线片上测得的角度，在股骨髁...     

可吸收棒在(足母)外翻截骨矫形中的应用

[目的]探讨应用可吸收棒内固定进行拇外翻截骨矫形术的临床疗效。[方法]应用左旋聚乳酸（PLLA）可吸收棒内固定进行拇外翻截骨矫形术。35例患者，56足接受第l跖骨近端截骨矫形及可吸收棒交叉内固定术。[结果]随访4—22个月，优27例44足，良8例12足，所有截骨处均临床愈合，无伤口感染。[结论]应用可吸收棒内固定进行拇外翻截骨矫形术可避免二次手术，并可取得良好的治疗效果。     

股骨远端内翻截骨治疗膝关节骨关节／WANG Jun-wen…／／J Bone Joint Surg Am

胫骨近端截骨治疗外翻性膝关节病效果不如治疗内翻性膝关节病。作者分析了30例(30膝)股骨远端截骨治疗膝外侧骨关节炎合并膝外翻畸形，其中12例为单纯外侧间隙骨关节炎，10例合并有另外两间隙轻至中度的退变性改变，8例合并有严重的髌股关节炎。行内侧入路，截除基部为5～10cm的楔行骨块，90°角状板内固定。外侧剥脱的软骨下骨行钻孔。6例凶合并严重的髌股关节炎和髌骨外侧半脱位行外侧支持带松解及髌股关节剥脱的软骨下骨钻孔。2例髌骨完全脱位分别行近端移位及近端远端同时移位恢复力线。     

胫骨髁外翻截骨术的应用进展

<正>膝关节周围截骨术是纠正膝力线不佳、治疗骨关节炎的重要方法，主要包括股骨远端截骨和胫骨近端截骨。一般情况下膝外翻畸形多是由股骨远端的外翻畸形导致，可以选择股骨远端截骨术。目前临床上最常见的膝内翻畸形多需胫骨近端截骨术矫形。胫骨高位截骨术(high tibial osteotomy, HTO)是目前截骨保膝治疗内翻型骨关节炎常用的手术方式，其中开放式胫骨高位截骨术(Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy,     

胫骨高位截骨合并骨膜移植治疗膝关节骨性关节炎

膝关节骨性关节炎十分常见，治疗较为困难。为了提高膝关节骨性关节炎的治疗效果，于１９８８年７月～１９９２年１０月，采用胫骨高位外翻截骨植骨矫正膝关节骨性关节炎膝内翻畸形的同时，用自体骨膜移植治疗髌骨软骨软化症。手术治疗３２例（５１个膝）。经平均５．１年随访，优良率为９０．２％，明显优于各式单纯胫骨高位截骨术。认为，该手术是治疗膝关节骨性关节炎膝内翻畸形伴髌骨软骨软化症的有效方法之一     

Impact of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy for medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee

BACKGROUNDMost populations worldwide, who are used to squatting and sitting cross-legged for their activities of daily living, largely comprise the lower socioeconomic strata, thus making them candidates for exclusion for total knee arthroplasty. Proximal/high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a preferred strategy for clinically symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) with genu varum due to painful medial compartment OA which is not amenable to conservative measures.AIMTo evaluate the outcomes of medial open-wedge HTO along with autologous bone grafting and buttress plate for the treatment of genu varum due to OA of the knee in a rural population of central India.METHODSA total of 65 knees in 56 patients with a mean age of 58.22 ± 5.63 years with genu varum due to intractable painful knee OA were treated with medial open-wedge HTO along with autologous bone grafting and buttress plate osteosynthesis from June 2015 to May 2018. The mean preoperative radiological angle of genu varum was 13.4°. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the range of movement, knee scores, pain scores, and functional scores. Radiographic studies were performed preoperatively and at regular intervals during the follow-up period.RESULTSAll patients reported pain relief immediately after the osteotomy and during the long-term analysis covering between one to three years. The genu varum angle was overcorrected to approximately four degrees in all patients. There was a loss of reduction by approximately three degrees in all patients at around six weeks postoperatively. Preoperative knee movements were restored in all patients. No major perioperative complications were noted during surgery and postoperative follow-up and the clinical scores were significantly improved during the final analysis which revealed good pain relief.CONCLUSIONMedial open-wedge HTO is a reliable, safe, practical, physiological, and feasible treatment for populations who are used to increased activity in their occupation and lifestyle and is associated with excellent short-term and long-term results for OA in genu varum knees.     

微创截骨外固定器固定治疗膝内翻畸形

[目的]探讨微创截骨矫形外固定器固定治疗膝内翻的效果。[方法]采用股骨髁上微创截骨矫形,外固定器固定治疗患者27例32膝。[结果]所有病例均一期骨性愈合,畸形矫正满意,畸形矫正度数为15°~33,°平均21°。身高增加1.6~3.1 cm,关节立线及膝关节功能均良好。[结论]微创截骨矫形单侧外固定器固定治疗成人膝内翻畸形具有创伤小、可控制性好、骨愈合快、并发症少等优点。     

Coronal plane deformity around the knee in the skeletally immature population: A review of principles of evaluation and treatment

Coronal plane deformity around the knee, also known as genu varum or genu valgum, is a common finding in clinical practice for pediatricians and orthopedists. These deformities can be physiological or pathological. If untreated, pathological deformities can lead to abnormal joint loading and a consequent risk of premature osteoarthritis. The aim of this review is to provide a framework for the diagnosis and management of genu varum and genu valgum in skeletally immature patients.     

Combined distal tibial rotational osteotomy and proximal growth plate modulation for treatment of infantile Blount&rsquo;s disease

Infantile Blount’s disease is a condition that causes genu varum and internal tibial torsion. Treatment options include observation, orthotics, corrective osteotomy, elevation of the medial tibial plateau, resection of a physeal bar, lateral hemi-epiphysiodesis, and guided growth of the proximal tibial physis. Each of these treatment options has its disadvantages. Treating the coronal deformity alone (genu varum) will result in persistence of the internal tibial torsion (the axial deformity). In this report, we describe the combination of lateral growth modulation and distal tibial external rotation osteotomy to correct all the elements of the disease. This has not been described before for treatment of Blount’s disease. Both coronal and axial deformities were corrected in this patient. We propose this combination (rather than the lateral growth modulation alone) as the method of treatment for early stages of Blount’s disease as it corrects both elements of the disease and in the same time avoids the complications of proximal tibial osteotomy.     

The Short-term Follow-up Results of Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy with Using an Aescula Open Wedge Plate and an Allogenic Bone Graft: The Minimum 1-Year Follow-up Results

Background

This study examined the results of open wedge high tibial osteotomy with using an Aescula open wedge plate and an allogenic bone graft as a surgical technique for the patients who suffer from osteoarthritis of the knee with a genu varum deformity.

Methods

From March 2007 to August 2007, 33 patients (37 cases) with osteoarthritis of the knee and a genu varum deformity underwent a high tibial osteotomy with using an Aescula open wedge plate and an allogenic bone graft. The patients were followed up for more than 1 year. Before and after surgery, the correction angle of the genu varum was measured by the lower extremity scannogram and the posterior tibial slope, the joint space distance and the time to bone union were evaluated. The functional factors were evaluated using the Knee Society Score.

Results

The average knee score and function score improved from 52.19 ± 11.82 to 92.49 ± 5.10 and 52.84 ± 6.23 to 89.05 ± 5.53, respectively (p < 0.001). According to the lower extremity scannogram, the mean preoperative varus angle was -1.86 ± 2.76°, and the average correction angle at the last follow-up was 10.93 ± 2.50° (p < 0.001). The tibial posterior slope before surgery and at the last follow-up were 8.20 ± 1.80° and 8.04 ± 1.30°, respectively (p = 0.437). The joint space distance increased from 4.05 ± 1.30 mm to 4.83 ± 1.33 mm (p < 0.001). The average time to complete bone union was 12.69 ± 1.5 weeks.

Conclusions

An open wedge high tibial osteotomy using an Aescula open wedge plate and an allogeneic bone graft to treat osteoarthritis of the knee with a genu varum deformity showed good results for the precision of the correction angle, the time to bone union and the functional improvement.     

远端半针Ilizarov外固定器结合微创截骨术治疗膝内翻畸形

 目的 探讨远端半针Ilizarov外固定器结合微创截骨术矫治膝内翻畸形的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2002年2月至2010年5月收治的31例膝内翻畸形患者的病例,男8例,女23例;年龄18~69岁,平均35.6岁;单侧6例,双侧25例,共56膝。术前膝内翻角度为7.7°~38.2°,平均17.0°±8.8°。根据美国膝关节关节协会评分（knee society score, KSS）为34~100分,平均（86.2±18.5）分。确定成角旋转中心与截骨矫形的位置,在胫骨畸形交点处用微创截骨器截骨,腓骨在头下截骨。安装术前已组装好的Ilizarov外固定器,通过调整伸缩内、外侧支架螺杆的长度渐进矫正内翻畸形。采用X线检查及膝关节KSS临床评分,结合行走时自我感觉及有无并发症等4项内容综合评价临床疗效。结果 患者佩戴Ilizarov外固定器的时间为9~20周,平均12周;随访时间14~50.4个月,平均30.5个月。末次随访时膝内翻角度为-3°~2.4°,平均1.7°±0.9°;膝关节KSS评分为75~100分,平均（96.1±7.7）分,其中优49例,良6例,可1例,优良率为98.2%（55/56）。11例患者术后早期发生轻度针道感染,经常规换药后感染控制;3例术后发生针道松动,经更换针道后恢复固定强度。结论 远端半针Ilizarov外固定器结合微创截骨术矫治膝内翻畸形具有微创、安全、动态矫形及符合美学要求的特点,临床效果满意。     

胫骨高位截骨槽式钢板内固定治疗膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内翻

目的：总结应用Link槽式钢板的胫骨高位截骨术（HTO）治疗膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内翻的疗效。方法：1999年3月-2002年12月总共18例膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内翻患者接受HTO并应用Link槽式钢板内固定,其中男性3例,女性15例,年龄最大62岁,最小43岁（平均51岁）,膝内翻角度最大24°,最小8°（平均17°）,HSS膝关节评分甲均71分。结果：全部病例术后随访最长3年,最短6个月（平均25个月）,均获得骨性愈合,截骨处无移位及松动,内固定无断裂,膝关节屈伸活动度同术前,纠正膝内翻角度平均22°,股胫角（胛A）平均达到外翻9°,HSS膝关节计分半均为86分,较术前增加15分。1例患者术后出现腓总神经牵拉症状,2月后消失。1例患者术后因脂肪液化伤口延迟愈合,换药后痊愈。结论：HTO可明显改善骨性关节炎并膝内翻患者的下肢负重轴线及局部血供,降低骨内瓜,疗效满意。Link槽式钢板设计简单,固定可靠,截骨角度可准确掌握,是HTO理想的内固定选择。     

采用槽氏钢板做胫骨高位截骨术治疗内翻型膝关节骨关节炎

目的观察采用槽氏钢板做胫骨高位截骨治疗内翻型膝关节骨关节炎疗效。方法术前对所有手术患者进行X线检查评估,测量全下肢立位力线,确定截骨矫正的角度,采用槽氏钢板做胫骨高位楔形截骨术矫正下肢力线。结果随访结果参考窦宝信标准进行评定,85.8%疗效优良,理想的胫股角为170°～172°。结论采用槽氏钢板内固定矫正下肢力线治疗内翻型膝关节骨关节炎,手术方法设计合理,矫正角度易掌握,矫形确切,内固定牢靠,截骨部位愈合好,是内翻型膝关节骨关节炎首选的治疗方法。     

Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia of long bones: report of eight additional cases and literature review

We report eight additional cases of focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia (FFCD) in the proximal tibia (five), distal ulna (one), and distal femur (two). Spontaneous, complete resolution of the lesion was observed in two tibiae and one ulna. Three tibial lesions with genu varum deformity were managed with osteotomy. Two femoral FFCDs caused persistent or progressive deformity: one genu valgum with patellar dislocation, and one genu varum. These patients underwent concomitant deformity correction and lengthening by the Ilizarov method. The final results were satisfactory in all patients except one, who underwent valgus tibial osteotomy and developed mild postoperative genu valgum. The analysis of a total of 46 cases in the literature and our experience suggests that (a) FFCD has a wide histopathologic spectrum, ranging from purely dense, fibrous tendon-like tissue to benign fibrocartilaginous tissue; (b) at least 45% of tibial FFCD demonstrates progressive, spontaneous resolution; (c) in contrast, femoral and humeral FFCDs appear to have a slim possibility of spontaneous regression of the deformity; and (d) corrective osteotomy is indicated when the deformity is increasing or persistent, or when the existing deformity is severe enough to jeopardize adjacent joint mechanics and alignment.