肾移植受者应用西罗莫司的临床疗效

目的评价肾移植术后应用西罗莫司(SRL)的疗效和安全性.方法 60例同种尸体供肾移植患者分为两组.①实验组(n=20):免疫抑制方案为环孢菌素A(CsA)+SRL+强的松(Pred);②对照组(n=40):免疫抑制方案为CsA+霉酚酸酯(MMF)+Pred.随访二组在术后6月内的疗效、并发症及药物不良反应情况,同时监测血脂水平、肝肾功能等生化指标;采用Kaplan-Meier法分析两种免疫抑制方案对移植肾无急性排斥存活率的影响.结果对照组中1例患者术后3月时因肺部感染死亡,两组其他患者6个月内均带功能存活.除血脂水平外,两组其他实验室指标未出现统计学差异;但两组患者急性排斥发生率、并发症及药物的不良反应明显不同.实验组发生急性排斥2例(10%);移植肾功能延迟恢复1例(5%);肺部感染5例(25.0%);血脂异常11例(55.0%).对照组中急性排斥8例(20%);移植肾功能延迟1例(2.5%);肺部感染6例(15.0%);血脂异常13例(32.5%);肝功能异常2例(5.0%);腹泻12例(30%),白细胞减少1例.结论肾移植术后应用CsA+SRL+Pred三联免疫抑制治疗方案,会产生更强的免疫抑制效果,其主要副作用是血脂升高.     

低剂量环孢霉素A预防肾移植术后急性排斥反应114例分析

目的探讨肾移植术后应用低剂量环孢霉素A 骁悉(MMF) Pred预防肾移植术后急性排斥反应的效果。方法根据不同用药方案将患者分为低剂量CsA MMF 泼尼松(Pred)组(A组)和常规剂量环孢素(CsA) 硫唑嘌呤(Aza) 泼尼松(Pred)组(B组)。对移植肾存活率、急性排斥反应及药物副作用进行观察。结果移植肾一年存活率两组无差异；但急性排斥反应及肝毒性低剂量CsA组(A组)明显低于常规剂量CsA组(B组)。结论在预防肾移植术后急性排斥反应和降低副作用方面，低剂量CsA方案明显优于常规剂量CsA方案。     

肾移植术后两种免疫抑制方案的对比研究

目的 探讨两种免疫抑制方案的疗效和副作用。方法 根据肾移植术后所用免疫抑制方案将121例肾移植分为两组，CMP方案组：环孢霉素A(CsA) 霉酚酸酯(MMH) 泼尼松(Pred)，CAP方案组：CsA 硫唑嘌呤(Aza) Pred，术后观察两组移植。肾功能，排斥反应发生频率及免疫抑制剂的用量和副作用。结果 术后CMP组急性排斥反应发生率低于CAP组，而排斥反应的逆转率却高于CAP组；术后半年内CMP组CsA用量低于CAP组CAP组肝肾中毒，骨髓抑制的发生率明显低于CAP组，两组感染的发生率无明显差异。结论 肾移植术后CMP方案优于CAP方案；MMF在肾移植术后的应用，可以减少肾移植排斥反应的发生，减少药物的副作用，提高肾移植的成功率。     

肾移植受者应用西罗莫司的临床疗效

目的评价肾移植术后应用西罗莫司(SRL)的疗效和安全性。方法60例同种尸体供肾移植患者分为两组。①实验组(n=20):免疫抑制方案为环孢菌素A(CsA) SRL 强的松(Pred);②对照组(n=40):免疫抑制方案为CsA 霉酚酸酯(MMF) Pred。随访二组在术后6月内的疗效、并发症及药物不良反应情况,同时监测血脂水平、肝肾功能等生化指标;采用Kap lan-M e ier法分析两种免疫抑制方案对移植肾无急性排斥存活率的影响。结果对照组中1例患者术后3月时因肺部感染死亡,两组其他患者6个月内均带功能存活。除血脂水平外,两组其他实验室指标未出现统计学差异;但两组患者急性排斥发生率、并发症及药物的不良反应明显不同。实验组发生急性排斥2例(10%);移植肾功能延迟恢复1例(5%);肺部感染5例(25.0%);血脂异常11例(55.0%)。对照组中急性排斥8例(20%);移植肾功能延迟1例(2.5%);肺部感染6例(15.0%);血脂异常13例(32.5%);肝功能异常2例(5.0%);腹泻12例(30%),白细胞减少1例。结论肾移植术后应用CsA SRL Pred三联免疫抑制治疗方案,会产生更强的免疫抑制效果,其主要副作用是血脂升高。     

雷帕霉素联合环孢霉素A在肾移植受者中的应用

目的观察雷帕霉素联合环孢霉素A防治肾移植急性排斥反应的效果,探索新的免疫抑制方案。方法将该院2004年1月～2004年8月施行的尸体肾移植的受者共89例,分成两组,分别给予“CsA+MMF+Pred”方案(43例)和“CsA+RAPA+Pred”方案(46例),观察两组受者移植后3个月急性排斥反应发生率、肾功能、感染率及恶性肿瘤发生率、受者和移植肾存活情况。结果RAPA组受者急性排斥反应发生率明显降低(7.0%/20.9%),发生时间推迟(44.3±6.24/35.0±5.48)d,肾功能恢复提前(4.8±2.04/5.9±2.1)d。结论“CsA+RAPA+Pred”方案可以有效降低排斥反应发生率,促进肾功能恢复。     

低剂量环孢素A在心脏移植中的应用

目的 探讨低剂量环孢素A(CsA)在心脏移植中应用的安全性和有效性.方法57例同种异体心脏移植术术后予以不同的免疫抑制方案:第1组予传统三联方案—CsA+霉酚酸酯(MMF)+强的松(Pred)治疗;第2组术前予人源化单克隆抗白细胞介素-2受体抗体+/抗淋巴细胞球蛋白(ALG)/抗胸腺细胞球蛋白诱导,续接他克莫司(FK506)+MMF+Pred;第3组术前Daclizumab诱导,术后1～3 d甲基强的松龙过渡,术后第4天接续CsA+MMF(2 g/d)+Pred,CsA血药谷浓度控制在100～150 ng/mL.结果术后肾功能损害、急性排斥及其他并发症第1组发生率最高,第2组明显减少,第3组最少;第3组与前2组比较差别均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论CsA在心脏移植术后免疫抑制治疗中的应用,充分显示其安全性、有效性和经济性.     

肾移植病人重症肺部感染的诊断与救治

肾移植病人重症肺部感染的诊断及救治非常重要。我院1998.1-1999.12两年间收治肾移植病人重症肺部感染25例。其中男性19例,女性6例。年龄30-63岁,平均43.4岁,免疫抑制治疗方案为:CsA(环孢素A)+MMF(霉酚酸脂)+Pred(泼尼松)17例;CsA+Aza(硫唑嘌呤)+Pred6例;他克莫司(FK506,普乐可复)+MMF+Pred2例。感染发生时间:发生在肾移植术后6个月以内者17例,6个月-1年者5例,     

多种免疫抑制药物在肾移植中应用的安全性比较

目的探讨不同免疫抑制方案对移植肾术后早期功能的影响及安全性比较。方法将三种不同的免疫抑制方案分别用于肾移植患者。A组：CsA＋Aza＋Pred、B组：CsA＋MMF＋Pred、C组：FK506＋MMF＋Pred。根移植肾早期功能状态，统计A、B、C三组患者1年移植肾存活率，急性排斥发生率及移植肾功能恢复情况．药物副作用等。结果在三组患者中比较．B组和C组移植肾1年存活率高于A组；C组的急性排斥发生率均低于A组、B组（P〈0．05）。同时，C组的肝功能损害．肾毒性发生率明显低于A组、B组（P〈O．05）。结论采用个体化免疫抑制方案较常规免疫抑制方案有更高的安全性，可减少急性排斥反应，药物毒副作用的发生率，提高肾移植的存活率．有利于移植肾早期功能的恢复。     

同种肾移植术后应用咪唑立宾免疫抑制治疗的临床研究

目的探讨咪唑立宾(MZR)与环孢素A(CsA)和激素组成基础免疫抑制方案在同种肾移植中的有效性与安全性。方法28例首次肾移植患者(男19例,女9例)随机分为2组:MZR组,14例,MZR初始剂量为1、2mg/(kg·d);MMF组,14例,MMF初始剂量采用1.5～2.0g/d。两组均接受CsA与激素联合的基础免疫抑制方案,CsA浓度保持同一水平,随访6个月。结果两组人、肾存活率均为100%,各出现1例次急性排斥反应,术后24周肌酐平均水平,MZR组为(100.2±1.7)μmol/L,MMF组(98.6±2.5)μmol/L,没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。副作用方面,胃肠道不适和白细胞减少等两组类似,而MZR组出现2例高血糖,可能与激素有关。结论MZR用于肾移植术后维持免疫抑制治疗,可成功替代MMF,有效预防急性排斥发生。     

肾移植术后应用咪唑立宾抗排斥治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨咪唑立宾(MZR)在肾移植术后抗排斥治疗临床的效果及安全性. 方法:38例首次接受肾移植的患者采用环孢素(CsA)或他克莫司(FK506)+MZR+泼尼松(Pred)治疗,与同期31例采用CsA或FK506+霉酚酸酯(MMF)+Pred治疗的患者进行比较.观察2组患者在肾移植术后12月内的人、肾存活率及肾功能变化情况,比较2组间急性排斥反应、药物不良反应(外周血白细胞下降、肝功能异常、血尿酸升高及胃肠道症状)以及肺部感染的发生率.结果:随访12个月,MMF组患者人、肾存活率均为100%,MZR组人、肾存活率分别为100%、97.4%.肾移植术后MMF组和MZR组急性排斥反应的发生率相似,2组在肾移植术后1、2、3月的血肌酐差异无统计学意义,在6月和12月MZR组血肌酐较MMF组明显增高(P<0.05);与MMF组相比,MZR组患者的胃肠道症状、肺部感染发生率明显下降(P<0.05),而外周血白细胞下降、高尿酸血症以及肝功能异常等方面的发生率差异无统计学意义. 结论:在肾移植中应用MZR安全、不良反应小,可以作为肾移植患者术后常规的免疫抑制剂.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.