吡喹酮顿服治疗慢性日本血吸虫病

吡喹酮按总剂量40mg/kg顿服,一次冲击疗法治疗52例慢性血吸虫病(慢血),服药后3～6个月粪检累计阴转率为92.3％。40mg/kg顿服的29例患者血药峰值为2.46±0.22μg/ml,35mg/kg顿服31例患者的血药峰值为1.66±0.10μg/ml。实验动物单剂量吡喹酮40mg/kg组的雌虫减少率为95.12％。根据临床和动物实验建议吡喹酮剂量可改为40mg/kg顿服,使用安全、简便。     

盐酸二甲双胍缓释片人体相对生物利用度及其药代动力学研究

目的建立人血浆中盐酸二甲双胍的高效液相色谱测定方法,考察国产盐酸二甲双胍缓释片相对于普通片的生物等效性,并估算其药代动力学参数.方法血浆样品经乙氰沉淀蛋白后进行高效液相色谱分析.色谱柱为Nucleosil 100-5硅胶柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为0.03 mol/L磷酸二氢铵(pH 7.0)-乙氰(75∶ 25,V/V),流速为1.0 ml/min,检测波长为240 nm.结果缓释片和普通片的主要药动学参数为:单剂量时AUC0-24分别为(12.13±1.85)和(13.72±2.04)μg*h-1*ml-1;Cmax分别为(1.6±0.3)和(2.31±0.36)μg/ml;tmax分别为(4.7±0.87)和(1.95±0.54)h;t1/2分别为(4.04±1.16)和(4.26±0.64)h;多剂量时AUCss分别为(14.52±1.98)和(7.22±1.49)μg*h-1*ml-1;Cmax分别为(1.61±0.26)和(1.54±0.27)μg/ml;Cmin分别为(0.17±0.11)和(0.17±0.05)μg/ml;Cav分别为(0.61±0.09)和(0.60±0.12)μg/ml;tmax分别为(4.8±0.7)和(1.9±0.64)h;AUC0-24和AUCss经对数转换后方差分析和双单侧t检验,均无显著性差异.结论盐酸二甲双胍缓释片的相对生物利用度单剂量时为(88.8±9.3)%,多剂量时为(100.54±10.6)%,试验片和参比片吸收程度生物等效,试验片具有缓释特征.     

阿片类拮抗药纳美芬注射剂的单剂量和多剂量Ⅰ期临床药代动力学研究

目的 考察静脉推注盐酸纳美芬注射液后在健康人体内的药动学过程.方法 12名健康受试者随机交叉单剂量静脉推注给药2 mg后,分别于给药前和给药后5 min,0.25,0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,4,6,8,12,24,36和48 h采集血样,单剂量试验结束后进人多剂量试验.8名受试者静脉推注给药2mg,连续给药6d,并于给药后的第4,5,6天早上给药前采静脉血,于第6天给药后按设定时间点采集血样,用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定血浆中纳美芬的浓度,并采用PKS药动学程序对试验数据进行处理,求算有关药动学参数.结果 单剂量静脉推注盐酸纳美芬注射液2 mg后,其药-时曲线经拟合符合二室模型,12名健康受试者单剂量给药后其主要药动学参数Cmax,Tmax,T1/2,AUC0-48,AUC0-∞分别为(7.34±1.56)μg·L-1,0.08 h,(12.01±2.20)h,(30.29±9.84)μg·L-1·h,(32.23±9.94)μg·L-1·h,多次静脉推注2 mg后的主要药动学参数Cmax,Tmax,T1/2,AUC0-48,AUC0-∞分别(8.04±1.09)μg·L-1、0.08 h、(12.43±1.44)h、(33.64±9.15)μg·L-1·h和(35.98±9.23)μg·L-1·h,血药浓度波动系数、AUCss和Cav分别为(4.69±1.29)、(19.64±6.20)μg·L-1·h和(1.64±0.52)μg·L-1.结论 盐酸纳美芬注射液单剂量静脉推注2 mg和多次给药2 mg后人体内的药动学行为与国外文献报道基本一致.在连续多次给药时,并未出现蓄积现象,血药浓度第6天达稳态.     

隐丹参酮单剂量和多剂量给药在大鼠体内药代动力学研究

目的 评价单剂量和多剂量灌胃隐丹参酮(Cryptotanshinone,CTS)的药动学特征.方法 将20只SD雄性大鼠随机分为单剂量组(隐丹参酮10 mg/kg,1d)、多剂量组(隐丹参酮10 mg/kg,每天1次,连续10 d)给予灌胃后,用LC-MS/MS法测定血浆中隐丹参酮的浓度.血药浓度数据用DAS 2.0药代动力学软件处理,按两室模型拟合并求算药代动力学参数.结果 隐丹参酮单剂量给药后,Cmax为(12.16±14.11)ng/mL,Tmax为(2.88±2.56)h,T1/2为(3.70±3.50)h,MRT为(6.69±0.54)h,AUC0-24为(58.40±25.73)ng·h/mL;多剂量给药后,Cav为(1.95±0.61)ng/mL,Tmax为(3.20±2.08)h,T1/2为(7.12±5.06)h,AUCss为(46.74±14.51)ng·h/mL,DF为2.42±0.28.单剂量和多剂量的AUC0-24、Tmax、T1/2差异无统计学意义.结论 隐丹参酮长期给药后无蓄积风险.     

A771726在大鼠体内的药代动力学

目的研究A771726在大鼠体内的药代动力学过程。方法单剂量口服给药3个剂量的A771726,根据大鼠体内血药浓度经时过程,计算相应的药代动力学参数。结果A771726(3、6、12mg/kg)的血药经时过程均符合一级吸收的一房室模型,其主要药动学参数T1/2Ka(h)3.91±3.43、5.63±2.07、6.73±1.67;T1/2Ke(h)17.45±10.79、9.68±4.65、7.63±1.39;AUC(0~tn)(mg/L.h-1)163.83±17.88、447.88±148.60、843.72±175.41;Cmax(mg/L)7.05±1.17、24.00±1.87、39.93±3.90;Tmax(h)8.00±0.00、6.67±2.06、8.00±0.00;MRT(0~tn)(h)19.87±4.25、19.54±1.11、19.29±2.47。结论单剂量口服A7717263个剂量组的药物代谢均成线性关系,其血药浓度-时间曲线符合一级吸收的一房室模型。     

西嗪伪麻缓释胶囊中盐酸伪麻黄碱在犬血浆中LC-MS法测定及其药代动力学

目的:建立LC-MS法测定犬血浆中盐酸伪麻黄碱浓度,以缓释成分盐酸伪麻黄碱为指标,观察犬单剂量ig西嗪伪麻缓释胶囊后血药浓度经时过程,估算相应的药代动力学参数.方法:血浆中加入内标苯丙醇胺,碱化后用乙醚提取,采用选择性离子检测方法测定其血药浓度.色谱柱为Shim-pack ODS(5.0 μm,250 mm×2.0 mm ID),流动相为超纯水(内含0.2%醋酸 0.005 mmol/L 醋酸铵溶液)-乙腈 (80∶20,v/v),流速0.2 ml/min,柱温40 ℃.Beagle犬给药采用双交叉实验设计,剂量为120 mg.结果:盐酸伪麻黄碱线性范围:0.016～2.00 μg/ml;最低检测浓度为0.016 μg/ml,方法回收率大于90%,日内日间变异均小于10%.Beagle犬单剂量ig西嗪伪麻缓释胶囊后,测得盐酸伪麻黄碱cmax为(0.71±0.16) μg/ml,tmax为(2.3±0.8) h,t1/2为(7.15±1.08) h,MRT为(11.36±1.54) h,AUC0-τ为(5.86±0.93) μg·h/ml.以扑尔伪麻片为对照,西嗪伪麻缓释胶囊相对生物利用度为(96.3±10.9)%,两制剂经方差分析显示tmax和cmax有显著差异.西嗪伪麻缓释胶囊具有一定的缓释特征.结论:本方法专属性强,准确性好,可用于盐酸伪麻黄碱血药浓度测定和药代动力学研究.     

盐酸拉贝洛尔缓释片在犬体内的药代动力学研究

目的研究盐酸拉贝洛尔缓释片在犬体内单剂量和多剂量口服给药后的药代动力学过程.方法采用反相高效液相色谱法测定犬血浆中拉贝洛尔的浓度.流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol/L磷酸二氢钠(28∶72),色谱柱为Shimadzu VP-ODS,5μ, 150 mm×4.6 mm I.D.,检测波长218 nm,流速1.2 ml/min.动物试验分别采用12只健康成年犬,进行单剂量和多剂量给药,并于相应的时间点取血测定血浆中的药物浓度.结果所建立的HPLC-UV方法的最低检测浓度为0.10 μg/ml.12只犬按性别和体重区组随机口服两种拉贝洛尔制剂后(均为100 mg),测得普通片和缓释片拉贝洛尔的药动学参数分别为k=0.1187±0.0755 h-1和0.0984±0.0255 h-1,tmax1.15±0.49 h和3.83±1.17 h,cmax3.19±0.42和1.97±0.84 μg/ml.另采用12只犬按性别和体重区组随机实验设计多剂量口服两种拉贝洛尔制剂,5 d后血药浓度达到稳态水平,受试制剂和参比制剂的css分别为1.84±0.54和1.99±0.29 μg/ml(经剂量校正).结论缓释片与普通片相比,达峰时间有所延长,达峰浓度有所降低,多剂量给药后缓释片每天2次和普通片每天3次给药的波动度无差异,说明缓释片具有一定的缓释效果,多剂量给药后拉贝洛尔在犬体内的药代动力学特性未发生改变.     

布洛芬缓释胶囊的药代动力学研究

目的　研究布洛芬缓释胶囊单剂量及多剂量给药的药代动力学。方法　用HPLC法测定 1 0名受试者口服 60 0mg布洛芬缓释胶囊后的血药浓度 ,经 3P87药动学计算程序处理 ,得药动学参数。结果　单剂量口服后的Cmax为 (2 7.0 5± 4 .94) μg/ml、Tmax为 (4.4± 0 .70 )h、AUC为 (1 70 .51± 35 .89)h·μg/ml。多剂量口服后的Cmax为 (30 .66± 4 .67) μg/ml、Tmax为 (3 .7± 0 .67)h、AUC为 (1 76 .0 8± 1 8.88)h·μg/ml。波动系数为 1 .49。 结论　布洛芬缓释胶囊具有缓释效果     

葛根芩连汤配伍黄芩苷在犬体内药动学研究

目的测定葛根芩连汤剂和黄芩单煎剂灌胃后犬血中黄芩苷的含量,分析配伍对其体内过程的影响。方法采用高效液相色谱法,测定不同时间点犬血浆黄芩苷的含量,WinNonlin软件计算药动学参数。结果葛根芩连汤全方及黄芩单煎剂中黄芩苷在犬体内过程均符合一室模型,主要药动学参数分别为:AUC(单)=(18.44±0.53)h·μg/ml,AUC(全)=(17.25±0.13)h·μg/ml,Tmax(单)=(8.92±0.02)h,Tmax(全)=(8.95±0.36)h,Cmax(单)=(1.01±0.03)μg/ml,Cmax(全)=(1.02±0.01)μg/ml。CL(单)=(130.47±2.5)L/h,CL(全)=(93.97±0.96)L/h。结论葛根芩连汤配伍后黄芩苷入血的Cmax、t1/2(K01)及t1/2(K10)没有明显变化,而AUC降低、清除速率减慢。     

洛索洛芬钠在健康中国人体内的药代动力学研究

目的:研究洛索洛芬钠在健康中国人体内的药代动力学.方法:选取18名健康志愿者单剂量口服60 mg洛索洛芬钠片,采用高效液相层析法测定血浆中洛索洛芬钠药物浓度,计算药代动力学参数.结果:主要药代动力学参数t1/2、cmax、tmax、AUC0～8 h分别为(121.4±23.4)min、(3.69±0.77)μg/ml、(30.8±7.1)mtn、(397.4±68.4)μg·min/ml.结论:本品口服吸收快,消除半衰期短.洛索洛芬钠的体内过程符合二室开放模型.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.