海洋芽孢杆菌次生代谢产物的分离、鉴定及生物学活性的初步研究

目的:开发药用海洋微生物资源,从微生物代谢产物中获取活性物质.方法:利用硅胶柱、凝胶柱、高效液相等色谱技术对抗菌模型筛选到的活性菌株F81612发酵液的乙酸乙酯浸膏进行分离,通过1HNMR、13CNMR和MS对化合物进行结构鉴定,利用纸片法和四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法对单体化合物进行生物学活性评价.结果和结论:分离鉴定了11个化合物,它们分别为:macrolactin A(1),3-羟基乙酰基吲哚(2),3-吲哚乙醇(3),环(色-脯)二肽(4),环(异亮-色)二肽(5),环(亮-脯)二肽(6),环(亮-缬)二肽(7),环(异亮-脯)二肽(8),环(苯丙-缬)二肽(9),N-苯乙基乙酰胺(10).对羟基苯甲醛(11).化合物1为主要活性成分,对稻瘟霉、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值分别为3.6、0.45和6.3ìg/ml,对肿瘤细胞株HeLa及HepG2的IC50值分别为2.0和1.8ìg/ml.     

马齿苋中环二肽成分研究

目的对马齿苋的化学成分进行研究。方法利用柱色谱方法分离化合物,根据核磁共振光谱等数据进行化合物结构鉴定。结果从马齿苋70%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了3个环二肽成分,分别为环(苯丙氨酸-酪氨酸)(Ⅰ)、环(丙氨酸-亮氨酸)(Ⅴ)和环(丙氨酸-异亮氨酸)(Ⅵ)的混合物。此外,还分离得到马齿苋酰胺E(Ⅱ)、丁二酸(琥珀酸)(Ⅲ)和6,7-二羟基香豆素(Ⅳ)。结论环二肽成分为首次从马齿苋中分离得到。     

东海微生物中6种环二肽类天然活性物质的分离和鉴定

目的:从海洋微生物中寻找天然活性物质.方法:利用稻瘟霉作为菌株筛选模型,对筛选出来的活性菌株F8712发酵液的醋酸乙酯提取物进行化合物分离;通过1HNMR、13CNMR和ESI-MS对化合物进行结构鉴定.结果和讨论:鉴定了6个环二肽类化合物,它们分别为环[Ala-Leu](Ⅰ),环[Ala-Ile](Ⅱ),环[Val-Pro](Ⅲ),环[Leu-Pro](Ⅳ),环[Ile-Pro](Ⅴ)和环[Leu-Val](Ⅵ).这些环二肽都没有抗稻瘟霉活性,化合物Ⅴ对鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarm)具有较强的抑制能力,其MIC为0.07 μg/ml.     

中国南海海绵Aaptos suberitoides的化学成分

目的 研究中国南海海绵Aaptos suberitoides中化学成分。方法 运用薄层色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱、硅胶色谱、半制备高效液相各种色谱手段对化合物进行分离纯化。利用核磁共振、质谱等波谱学手段,并结合其他理化性质及文献数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从海绵Aaptos suberitoides的甲醇粗提取物中分离鉴定了7个单体化合物,分别为3-(methylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamnie、aaptamine、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、环(脯-丝)二肽[cyclo(Pro-Ser)]、环(脯-苏)二肽[cyclo(Pro-Thr)]、脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷。结论 化合物aaptamine、环(脯-丝)二肽[cyclo(Pro-Ser)]、环(脯-苏)二肽[cyclo(Pro-Thr)]为首次从本属海绵中分离得到。     

海洋放线菌Nocardiopsis sp.SCSIO 11492的抗肿瘤活性成分研究

目的 研究海洋放线菌Nocardiopsis sp.SCSIO 11492的抗肿瘤活性成分.方法 采用ODS反相硅胶中压柱色谱、正相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等方法分离纯化次级代谢产物;13 C NMR、1 H NMR、HSQC、1 H-1 HCOSY、HMBC等波谱技术并结合电喷雾电离质谱法鉴定结构;MTT法进行体外抗肿瘤活性测试.结果 从海洋放线菌Nocardiopsis sp.SCSIO 11492的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到8个化合物,分别为2′-脱氧腺苷(1)、2′-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(2)、2′-脱氧尿苷(3)、尿嘧啶核苷(4)、1-棕榈酰-3-β-D-半乳糖甘油酯(5)、环(亮-缬)二肽(6)、环(缬-脯)二肽(7)、环(脯-脯)二肽(8).其中化合物5对小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞RAW264.7显示出较好的生长抑制活性(IC50=10.9μmol/L),其他化合物均没有表现出明显的细胞毒活性(IC50>20.0μmol/L).结论 以上8个化合物均为首次从该菌中分离得到,其中化合物5可能是该菌的抗肿瘤活性成分.     

云南兔耳草中环烯醚萜苷类成分的研究Ⅲ

目的 对云南兔耳草的化学成分进行研究.方法 用硅胶柱色谱和HPLC对化合物进行分离,并用光谱方法进行结构鉴定.结果 分离鉴定了4个环烯醚萜苷类成分:6-O-α-L-(4“-O-E-cinnamoyl)rhamnopyranosylcatalpol(Ⅰ),6-O-α-L-(2“-O-E-p-methoxycinnamoyl)rhamnopyranosycatalpol(Ⅱ),6-O-α-L-(4“-O-E-feruloyl)rhamnopyranosylcatalpol(Ⅲ),gmelinoside L(Ⅳ).结论 以上4个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

女贞子的化学成分研究

目的研究女贞子的化学成分。方法通过各种现代色谱技术对女贞子进行化学成分的分离纯化,并根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从女贞子石油醚部位中分离并鉴定了7个化合物分别为棕榈酸(I),大黄素甲醚(II),羽扇豆醇(III),乙酰齐墩果酸(IV),β-谷甾醇(V),白桦酯醇(VI),19α-羟基-3-乙酰乌索酸(VII),从乙酸乙酯部位中分离并鉴定了2个化合物分别为齐墩果酸(VIII),熊果酸(IX)。结论大黄素甲醚为从女贞子中首次分离得到。     

红树林真菌泡盛酒曲霉中的环二肽和核苷类成分

目的 研究一株红树林真菌泡盛酒曲霉菌丝体的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱法、反相柱色谱法以及高效液相色谱法进行分离和纯化,并根据光谱分析进行结构鉴定.结果 分离得到4个环二肽类成分和3个核苷类成分,分别鉴定为环(异亮-缬)二肽(Ⅰ)、环(亮-缬)二肽(Ⅱ)、环(亮-异亮)二肽(Ⅲ)、环(亮-亮)二肽(Ⅳ)、尿嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷(Ⅴ)、腺嘌呤(Ⅵ)、胸腺嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷(Ⅶ).结论 4个环二肽类成分为该属首次分离得到.     

海洋细菌Halomonas elongate的次级代谢产物研究

目的 对具有抗肿瘤活性的海洋细菌Halomonas elongate进行次级代谢产物的分离、纯化及抗肿瘤活性研究.方法 通过大孔吸附树脂、硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等分离纯化手段,对H.elongate的次级代谢产物进行分离纯化;根据1H NMR谱、13C NMR谱及MS分析,并结合文献确定结构:采用MTT法对分离得到的次级代谢产物进行活性检测.结果 从海洋细菌H.elongate的发酵粗提物中分离鉴定3个化合物,分别为胸腺嘧啶-2 '-脱氧核苷(1)、环(L-甘氨酸-L-脯氨酸)二肽(2)、1-(2'-脱氧-β-D-赤式-呋喃戊糖)-1氢-1,2,4-三嗪酮(3),活性检测结果显示3个化合物对人肺癌细胞H1299生长活性均无显著抑制作用(IC50＞20 μμmol/L).结论 化合物1～3均为首次从Halomonas中分离得到.     

深海细菌Psychrobacter submarinus 1A01998的次级代谢产物研究

目的 对来自深海沉积物中的海洋细菌Psychrobacter submarinus1 A01998的次级代谢产物进行研究.方法 采用大孑L吸附树脂、硅胶、ODS和Sephadex LH-20凝胶等柱层析色谱分离方法,对海洋细菌Psychrobacter submarinus1 A01998进行次级代谢产物的分离纯化,根据1H NMR、13C NMR和MS等波谱数据分析并结合相关文献对化学结构进行鉴定.结果 从深海细菌Psychrobacter submarinus 1A01998的发酵粗提物中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为环(L-脯氨酸-L-酪氨酸)(1)、环(D-脯氨酸-L-酪氨酸)(2)、3-吲哚甲醛(3)、2'-O-甲氧基尿嘧啶核苷(4).结论 化合物1～4均为首次从该属中分离得到,其中化合物1、2为环二肽类化合物.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.