Experimental Study on the Antitumor Effect of Chicken Anemia Virus vp3 Gene against Liver Carcinoma In Vivo

In order to testify the antitumor effect, especially its effect against liver carcinoma in vivo,of VP3 protein, one kind of protein coded by chicken anemia virus, recombinants pcDNA-vp3 con-taining chicken anemia virus vp3 gene, and control vector pcDNA3 were mixed with murine liver car-cinoma cell lines H22 respectively. The mixture was injected subcutaneously into Balb/C mice. Somedays later, the mice were killed and the solid tumor weighed. The antitumor efficiency was evaluat-ed. The manners of VP3 protein in vivo inducing tumor cell death were identified by using TUNELassay. All the results suggested that the injection of pcDNA-vp3 and H22 mixture resulted in a sig-nificant reduction of tumor growth in mice when compared with the results of control groups.TUNEL assay revealed that VP3 induced apoptosis in vivo. All these indicated that CAV vp3 mightbe a potential new gene in reducing the growth rate of tumor cells in liver carcinoma or in other kindof solid tumors in vivo.     

鸡贫血病毒VP3基因体内抑瘤效应的实验研究

目的 观察鸡贫血病毒（chicken anemia virus,CAV)VP3基因的体风抑瘤效应。方法 分别将PCDNA-VP3（含VP3基因的真核表达载体），PCDNA3（空载体）和小鼠腹水型肝癌细胞株H22混合后，接种于BALB/c小鼠皮下，几天后，处死动物，取肿瘤组织称重，比较试验组和对照组瘤重差异，确定VP3基因的抑瘤效应，TUNEL法鉴定VP3在体内诱导肿瘤细胞死亡的方式。结果 注射VP3基因的试验组肿瘤生长率明显低于注射空载体的对照组。TUNEL试验的结果也表明，鸡贫血病毒VP3蛋白在体内调亡方式诱导肿瘤细胞死亡。结论 预示VP3基因可能在抑制肝癌细胞生长方面有一定的疗效。     

Cloning of chicken anemia virus vp3 gene and apoptosis inductive effect of vp3 gene<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>

Summary Using PCR technique, the vp3 gene of chicken anemia virus (CAV) was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 to construct a recombinant pcDNA-vp3. Restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis revealed that CAV vp3 gene was correctly inserted into the blank vector pcDNA3. After LipofectAMINE^TM-mediated transfectionin vitro with pcDNA-vp3 and pcDNA3 respectively, the total mRNA was extracted from liver carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and diploid cell line L-02, and RT-PCR was performed afterward. The results of RT-PCR suggested that vp3 gene was expressed in these two cell lines. At the same time, usingin situ apoptotic detection assay, TUNEL kits, the apoptotic cells were found in pcDNA-vp3 transfected HepG2, but not in mock transfected cell lines. VP3 could induce cell death by apoptosis in cancer cell lines, but not in diploid cell lines. All the results indicated that CAV vp3 gene, a potential therapeutic agents, has the potential of being used for cancer treatment. Sun Jun, male, born in 1970, Graduate Student This project was supported by a grant from the Hubei Natural Science Foundation (No. 2002ABA004).     

Cloning of Chicken Anemia Virus vp3 Gene and Apoptosis Inductive Effect of vp3 Gene In Vitro

Chickenanemiavirus (CAV)isaparticulartypeviruswithadiameterofabout 2 3nmandcontainsacircularsinglestrandDNA (minusstrand)of 2 .3kb .ItwasfirstisolatedbyYuasaetalin 1979[1] ,andbelongstotherecentlyestablishedvirusfamilyofCircovirdae[2 ] .ExperimentsperformedbyNotebornetaldemonstratedthatCAVinducesdepletionofcellsviaapoptosisandthecellularbackgroundspeci fiesthesusceptibilitytoCAV[3] .Theinvitroexper imentsdemonstratedthatVP3isthefunctionalpro teinofCAV .AndtheCAVVP3proteincanonlyin du…     

鸡贫血病毒VP 3基因的克隆及其体外凋亡诱导效应的研究

用PCR方法扩增了鸡贫血病毒标准株的vp3基因,并将其克隆于真核表达载体pcDNA3上,构建了重组体pcDNA-vp3.经酶切鉴定及测序分析表明,该片段和预期相符.在体外利用LipofectAMINETM介导的基因转染,将pc-DNA-vp3、pcDNA3分别转入肝癌细胞系HepG2和二倍体肝细胞系L-02中,转染后的RT-PCR结果证实vp3基因在细胞中得到了表达.同时利用筛选稳定表达细胞株的技术和原位细胞凋亡检测法,证明了鸡贫血病毒是以凋亡的方式诱导细胞死亡,并且只诱导癌细胞的凋亡,而不诱导正常或二倍体细胞死亡.表明鸡贫血病毒vp3基因很可能成为一种极具潜力的抗肿瘤生物制剂.     

鸡贫血病毒VP3基因的克隆及在H22细胞中的凋亡诱导状况

目的 :观察CAV、VP3基因在H2 2细胞中的凋亡诱导情况。方法 :用PCR方法扩增了鸡贫血病毒标准株的VP3基因 ,并将其克隆于真核表达载体pcDNA3上 ,构建含VP3基因的重组体 ;在体外 ,利用LipofectAMINETM 介导的基因转染法 ,将pcDNA VP3、pcDNA3分别转入小鼠腹水型肝癌细胞系H2 2中 ,RT PCR法检测VP3基因在细胞中的表达状况。同时利用流式细胞检测术验证VP3基因诱导死亡的方式。结果 :酶切鉴定及测序分析表明 ,插入片段和预期相符 ,阳性重组体被命名为pcDNA VP3;RT PCR结果表明 ,转染后 ,VP3基因在细胞中得到了表达 ;同时DNA直方图也证实鸡贫血病毒的VP3基因确以凋亡的方式诱导细胞死亡。     

单链抗体导向的慢病毒介导VP22-TK系统对MUC1+人卵巢癌裸鼠腹腔移植瘤的作用

目的探讨抗MUC1单链抗体(scFv)导向的慢病毒介导的单纯疱疹病毒结构蛋白VP22和胸苷激酶(TK)融合基因及丙氧鸟苷(GCV)自杀基因系统对MUC1+人卵巢上皮癌的特异靶向性生长抑制作用.方法将慢病毒包装质粒、包膜质粒、转移载体质粒采用磷酸钙沉淀法共转染包装细胞293T,收集病毒上清,并建立MUC1+人卵巢上皮癌(3AO)细胞株腹腔移植瘤模型.单药组分为scFv-VP22-TK+生理盐水(NS)组、VP22-TK+NS组、NS+NS组,分别用慢病毒scFv-VP22-TK、VP22-TK或NS 1 ml腹腔注射,继予NS腹腔注射;联合用药组分为scFv-VP22-TK+GCV组、VP22-TK+GCV组、NS+GCV组分别应用慢病毒scFv-VP22-TK、VP22-TK及NS腹腔注射,24 h后给予GCV腹腔注射治疗.每组裸小鼠均为5只.观察各组裸鼠的生存时间及慢病毒的毒性作用.结果平均生存时间scFv-VP22-TK+NS组、VP22-TK+NS组、NS+NS组、NS+GCV组、VP22-TK+GCV组、scFv-VP22-TK+GCV组分别为18.4 d±2.9 d、18.8 d±1.5 d,17.6 d±1.1 d,18.5 d±1.6 d,24 d±5 d和46 d±22 d, 6组比较,差异有显著意义(χ2=24.82,P=0.002);并且scFv-VP22-TK+GCV组较VP22-TK+GCV组裸鼠平均生存时间明显延长(χ2=7.43,P=0.006).结论抗MUC1 scFv靶向的慢病毒介导的VP22-TK/GCV系统对MUC1+人卵巢上皮癌具有高效靶向杀伤作用.     

Gene Therapy of HSV-TK Transferred by the EBV based Expression Vector on Experimental Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a commonmalignancy with increasing incidence and poor prog-nosis.Up to now,a wide array of gene therapy sys-tems for the tumor have been investigated.Herpessimplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV- TK ) genetransfer followed by gancinovir(GCV) administra-tion is one of the most well- established suicide genesystems.HSV- TK converts the protoxic nucleosideanalogue GCV into a highly toxic,phosphorylatedGCV that acts as a chain terminator of DNA synthe-sis an…     

重组腺相关病毒介导TRAIL对卵巢癌裸鼠肝转移的抑制作用的实验研究

目的探讨重组腺相关病毒介导TRAIL对卵巢癌裸鼠肝转移的抑制作用。方法构建卵巢癌裸鼠肝转移模型。选择重组腺相关病毒rAAV—PEG—sTRAIL治疗，将裸鼠分为TRAIL治疗组和对照组，治疗6w后，观察肝转移率和肝转移结节数；Tunnel法分析TRAIL对肿瘤细胞的凋亡诱导情况。结果全身系统性给予重组腺相关病毒介导TRAIL后，治疗组和对照组相比转移率低，肝转移结节数目少，差异有统计学意义（p〈0．05）；Tunnel法分析TRAIL可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。结论重组腺相关病毒介导TRAIL可抑制卵巢癌裸鼠肝的转移生长，TRAIL用于卵巢癌肝转移的基因治疗中具有较好的应用前景。     

异长春花碱不同制剂的抗肿瘤作用比较研究

目的 比较异长春花碱（VRB）长循环脂质体、普通脂质体、重酒石酸盐注射液不同剂型的抗肿瘤作用。方法 建立C57BL/6J小鼠Lewis肺癌模型,以肿瘤体积、小鼠生存时间、抑瘤率、组织病理切片为指标考察VRB不同制剂的抗肿瘤作用。结果 与模型组（平均肿瘤体积为4 980 mm³）相比,VRB长循环脂质体组、普通脂质体组和重酒石酸盐注射液组小鼠造模30 d后的平均肿瘤体积分别为1 622、2 136、3 652 mm³（P＜0.05、0.01）,抑瘤率分别为66.29%、49.44%、29.21%（P＜0.01）;VRB长循环脂质体组小鼠生存时间明显延长;肿瘤组织病理切片观察可见各制剂组肿瘤细胞均出现不同程度的坏死,其中VRB长循环脂质体组出现肿瘤细胞核凝固坏死、核破碎溶解现象。结论 在相同给药剂量下,VRB长循环脂质体的抗肿瘤作用明显优于其重酒石酸盐注射液。     

Construction and expression of eukaryotic expressing vector pCH510 of polypeptide CH50 and its chemotaxis and antitumor function byin vivo transfection

Summary  To construct an eukaryotic expressing vector that expresses CH50, a recombinant Cell I-Hep I bifunctional-domain polypeptide of human fibronectin, and to investigate the chemotaxis to immune cells and the inhibitory effect on the growth of tumor by the expression of the plasmidin vivo, the plasmid was constructed by DNA recombination. Gene transfection was performedin vitro andin vivo. The expressed product was identified by Western blot. The chemotaxis after gene transfectionin vivo was observed by histotomy and staining of muscle tissues. The inhibition of gene transfection on solid tumor was observed in mice. The results showed that plasmid pCH510 was constructed by the recombination of the 5′-terminal noncoding region and signal peptide coding region of human fibronectin cDNA and cDNA fragment coding CH50 polypeptide with a 3′-terminal noncoding region of human FN cDNA, and the insertion of the recombinated fragment into plasmid pcDNA3. 1. After transfection with plasmid pCH510, NIH3T3 cells could produce CH50 polypeptide. The transfection of plasmid pCH510 by the injection in muscle of mouse could produce the effects of chemotaxis on immune cells and the inhibition on the growth of solid tumor. It is concluded that plasmid pCH510 can express in cells andin vivo in mouse. The expression of the plasmidin vivo has a chemotactic effect on immune cells and can inhibit the growth of solid tumor. This project was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39870763) and a Funding Program for New-Century Talent of the Ministry of Education of China.     

扶正化积方剂对H22肝癌小鼠抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的 研究扶正化积方(FZHJF)对小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用及对免疫功能的影响。方法 建立小鼠皮下H22移植性肝癌模型,随机分为模型对照组、FZHJF低、中、高剂量组(4.55、13.65、40.95 g/kg)和5-氟尿嘧啶组(0.2 mL/10 g),连续给药12 d后,采集肿瘤与脏器称重并计算抑瘤率、肝脏指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数;同时对各组肿瘤外观和肿瘤病理进行分析。结果 肿瘤病理结果显示均为典型的肝细胞癌。FZHJF剂量组的瘤重显著低于模型对照组(P<0.05),FZHJF的抑瘤率随剂量升高而增加,高剂量组的抑瘤率(49.02%)接近5-FU组(51.51%);肿瘤外观图显示FZHJF从低剂量至高剂量组的肿瘤体积呈现逐渐减小的趋势,且均小于模型对照组。FZHJF各剂量组的脾脏指数与胸腺指数均显著高于模型对照组与5-FU组(P<0.05)。结论 FZHJF对H22肝癌移植瘤具有显著的抑制作用和免疫增强作用,为今后临床研究提供了试验数据。     

Anti-tumor effects of polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles of diallyl trisulfide on orthotopic transplantation tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma in BALB/c nude mice

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranked the second among the causes of cancer mortality in China since the 1990s. Up to now, medication still plays an important role in the treatment of HCC. The therapies based on the allicin as a potential chemopreventive analog although is in its infancy at the present time, may have a significant role in the future management of HCC. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a natural compound derived from garlic. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of hepatic targeted polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles of diallyl trisulfide (DATS-PBCA-NP) on orthotopic transplanted HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice. Methods DATS-PBCA-NP were detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The orthotopic transplantation HCC models were established by implanting HCC HepG2 xenograft bits under the envelope of the mice liver. Successful models (n＝29) were divided into 4 groups: normal saline (NS), empty nanoparticles (EN), DATS and DATS-PBCA-NP were intravenously administered to the mice respectively for 2 weeks. In vivo antitumor efficacy was evaluated by the measurement of tumor volume. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and protein levels of apoptosis and cell proliferation proteins by immunoblotting in tumor tissues were performed to elucidate the possible mechanism.Results DATS-PBCA-NP possessed smooth and round appearance, dispersed well, and released in vitro in accord with double phase kinetics model. DATS-PBCA-NP changed the tissue/organ distribution of DATS in vivo. The successful rate of tumor implantation was 100%. Intravenous administration of DATS-PBCA-NP significantly retarded the growth of orthotopically transplanted hepatoma in BALB/c nude mice (compared with the other three groups, all P&lt;0.05) without causing weight loss (P&gt;0.05). TUNEL staining showed that the tumors from DATS-PBCA-NP treated mice exhibited a markedly higher apoptotic index compared with control tumors. Western blot analysis of tumor tissue revealed that the down-regulated expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Bcl-2 proteins in DATS-PBCA-NP group, and there were no significant differences in the expression of Fas, FasL and Bax proteins among the four groups (P&gt;0.05).Conclusions DATS-PBCA-NP has good prolonged release effect in vivo and hepatic-targeted activity, and significant anti-tumor effect on the orthotopic transplantation HCC model in mice in association with the suppression of proliferation and the induction of apoptosis of tumor cells. These advantages are probably due to their liver targeting characteristics and consequently bring a higher anti-tumor activity.     

柴胡皂苷D联合奥沙利铂对A549细胞荷瘤裸鼠的抑瘤作用及其机制

考察柴胡皂苷D联合奥沙利铂对荷人肺腺癌A549细胞裸鼠的抑瘤作用及其机制。建立A549细胞荷瘤小鼠模型,灌胃给予柴胡皂苷D,以体内抑瘤率考察柴胡皂苷D的最佳剂量,再考察柴胡皂苷D与奥沙利铂联合用药对肿瘤的生长状态的影响,TUNEL法检测凋亡细胞,ELISA法检测血清中前列腺素E2(PGE2)浓度变化,Western blot检测瘤体中COX-2蛋白的表达。结果显示:柴胡皂苷D在1.0 mg/kg时抑制作用最佳(抑瘤率40.96%);柴胡皂苷D与奥沙利铂联合用药诱导荷瘤裸鼠瘤体凋亡的作用强于二者单独用药;荷瘤模型组PGE2浓度和COX-2的表达明显增高;单独和联合用药PGE2浓度、COX-2表达量均显著降低(P<0.05),且联合用药组的PGE2浓度和COX-2表达均显著低于单用组(P<0.01)。研究结果表明,柴胡皂苷D联合奥沙利铂用药能产生协同作用,其抑瘤作用可能是通过下调COX-2蛋白的表达来实现的。     

垫状卷柏提取物诱导凋亡抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究垫状卷柏提取物抗肿瘤作用及相关机制。方法 采用皮下接种H22肝癌细胞株构建小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组（生理盐水）、5-FU组（30 mg/kg）、垫状卷柏提取物（SP）高、低剂量组（189、63 mg/kg）,连续灌胃15 d。观察小鼠肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率及肝、脾、胸腺指数;TUNEL法观察肿瘤组织细胞凋亡,Western blot测定凋亡相关蛋白的表达,qPCR检测Bax mRNA和Bcl-2 mRNA。结果 与对照组比较,SP高、低剂量组小鼠体质量及肝、脾、胸腺指数均无显著差异;SP高、低剂量组小鼠的肿瘤质量均显著降低,呈现较高抑瘤率（P<0.01）,且高剂量组与5-FU组相近;经TUNEL染色法观察,可见明显凋亡形态改变。qPCR检测表明,SP显著上调Bax mRNA的表达,下调Bcl-2 mRNA的表达。Western blot结果显示SP处理后,Bax、cytochrome c及cleaved caspase-3,caspase-8和caspase-9的表达显著上调（P<0.01）,Bcl-2表达明显减弱,呈剂量依赖性。结论 SP有效抑制H22小鼠体内肿瘤生长,其机制与激活caspase诱导凋亡相关。      

芝莲化癞颗粒对荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能效应研究

目的：对芝莲化瘢颗粒影响荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能进行科学的实验研究,为确定该制剂的功能主治和临床疗效提供依据。方法：制备H22肝癌实体瘤荷瘤小鼠模型,选取主要指标：巨噬细胞吞噬百分率、吞噬指数,溶血素、溶血空斑的形成,外周血淋巴细胞转化率,进行各项对比实验。结果：芝莲化瘢颗粒以30g·kg-1、15g·kg-1、7．5g·kg-1的剂量给荷瘤小鼠连续10天灌服,中剂量组可显著提高荷瘤小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞的吞噬百分率和吞噬指数,大剂量组可显著促进荷瘤小鼠溶血素及溶血空斑的形成,可显著提高荷瘤小鼠外周血淋巴细胞转化率。结论：芝莲化瘢颗粒能够显著提高感染H22肝癌实体瘤小鼠的肌体免疫力,其功能主治项可以描述为：能够显著提高肌体免疫力,缓解肝细胞癌对肝脏的损害,延长生存期。     

白芨多糖载纳米粒对肝癌小鼠 抗肿瘤活性的实验研究

目的 研究白芨多糖载纳米粒对肝癌小鼠的抗肿瘤活性。方法 选择60 只健康雌性ICR 小鼠， 复制小鼠肝癌的实体瘤模型，随机分成A、B、C 3 组，每组20 只。其中，A 组注射生理盐水，B 组注射紫杉 醇溶液，C 组注射白芨多糖为载体的紫杉醇纳米粒。连续给药2 周后处死各组小鼠，解剖得到肝癌肿瘤，比较 各组小鼠的瘤重、瘤体积、抑瘤率、肝脏指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数等抗肿瘤活性指标。结果 ①与A 组相比， B、C 组小鼠的瘤重、瘤体积变小，且C 组变小幅度大于B 组（P <0.05）。以A 组为参照，B 组小鼠抑瘤率为 16.86%、C 组抑瘤率为45.84%，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05），表明白芨多糖载体的紫杉醇纳米粒有较高的抗 肿瘤活性。②与A 组相比，B、C 组小鼠肝脏指数降低，且C 组降低幅度更大（P <0.05）；脾脏指数、胸腺指 数升高，且C 组升高幅度大于B 组（P <0.05）。结论 以白芨多糖为载体制备的紫杉醇纳米粒对肝癌有较强 的抗肿瘤活性，可减小肝癌小鼠的瘤重、瘤体积，提高抑瘤率，改善携瘤小鼠的肝脏指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指 数。白芨多糖可作为难溶性药物载体，有较高的临床应用价值。     

不同抗肿瘤机制药物对大鼠肝癌细胞成瘤性的影响

目的 研究骨髓间充质干细胞与肝癌细胞药敏与肝癌细胞成瘤能力的相关性.方法 30只雌性清洁级SD大鼠应用二乙基亚硝胺饲喂法建立大鼠原发性肝癌模型,选取诱癌成功大鼠10只分别原代培养肿瘤细胞与间充质干细胞,MTT法用于不同作用机制抗肿瘤药物的药物敏感实验,药物作用后接种至裸鼠,观察其成瘤实验的差异,对模型大鼠间充质于细胞、肿癌细胞抑制率与化疗药物作用后肿瘤细胞移植裸鼠后的成瘤质量分别进行相关性分析.结果 5种药物药敏结果显示肝癌癌细胞与间充质干细胞药物敏感无明显相关性(P＜0.05).间充质细胞药敏实验与成瘤实验正相关.结论 间充质干细胞耐药机制与肿瘤干细胞相似,有希望代替普通肝癌肿瘤细胞进行药物敏感实验.     

猫人参注射液抗肝癌作用和对免疫功能的影响

目的:初步探讨猫人参注射液抗动物移植性肝癌及其对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响.方法:体内抗肿瘤实验采用液下接种肿瘤细胞及实体瘤称重的方法,腹腔接种肿瘤液观察荷瘤动物存活率,采用3H-TdR掺入法检测猫人参注射液对荷瘤小鼠脾T淋巴细胞转化功能和NK细胞活性的影响;流式细胞仪检测荷瘤小鼠T细胞亚群.结果:猫人参注射液100g/kg、50g/kg、25g/kg连续尾静脉注静10天后,对小鼠皮下移植性H22肝癌的抑瘤率分别为62.16%、35.14%、17.13%,有较明显的剂量依赖性(P＞0.05).剂量为100g/kg时抗肿瘤作用较理想,且可延长腹水型肝癌小鼠的生存期,对H22肝癌小鼠脾脏(胸腺)指数、脾淋巴细胞转化指数、T细胞CD4 /CD8 比值有升高趋势,略高于生理盐水组(P＜0.05),CTX对荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫功能则有明显的抑制作用(P＞0.05).结论:猫人参注射液具有良好的抗肝癌作用.     

Effects of tetrazanbigen on the protein expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY-7701

Tetrazanbigen （TNBG） is a novel synthetic antitumor drug with significant antitumor effects on common solid tumors in vitro and in vivo. It may lead to death of cancer cells through a tumor-associated lipoidosis mechanism, and result in lipid droplets （LDs） accumulation at the cytoplasm. In this study, the effects of TNBG on protein expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY-7701 were studied for elucidating its antitumor mechanism. The proteins extracted from TNBG-treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY-7701 were analyzed and com- pared with control cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The differential proteins were identified by matrix-associated laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass （MALDI-TOF-MS） spec- trometry. Two proteins of interest, the levels of which were significantly increased in TNBG-treated cells, were further characterized by Western blot analysis. The results showed a total of 846±23 spots in control cells and 853±30 spots in TNBG-treated cells. Twenty-six up-regulated or down-regulated proteins were found by analyzing differential proteomic 2-DE map. Eleven of them were identified by mass spectrometry. They were protein disulfide-isomerase precursor, 94 kD glucose-regulated protein, heat shock protein （HSP） 90-alpha, ATP-citrate lyase, HMG-CoA reductase, glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, very-long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, squalene synthetase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, and peroxiredoxin-1. These up-regulated or down-regulated proteins are mostly related to lipid metabolism. The TNBG antitumor mechanism is probably to influence tumor lipid metabolism, resulting in accumulation of LDs in tumor cells.