脑干听觉诱发电位分级标准评价脑功能损伤的研究

目的　比较不同脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)分级标准对脑功能损伤评价及预测预后的作用。方法　 6 8例半球病变的急性脑血管疾病患者进行BAEP检测 ,并根据 3种不同分级标准 (Hall、Krieger和Cant标准 )进行BAEP分级。结果　 3种不同标准的BAEP分级与预后均有显著相关性 (P <0 0 0 1) ,均为BAEP级别越高 ,预后越差。经Logistic回归分级 ,3者中Hall标准死亡准确率最高 ,Cant标准生存预测准确率最高 ,Hall标准生存和死亡综合准确率最高 ;而Krieger标准除死亡预测准确率高于Cant标准外 ,另两项预测准确率为最低。结论　根据Hall标准进行的BAEP分级更好地反映了脑功能损伤由轻到重、不同程度的变化 ,预测准确率高 ,更适于临床推广应用。     

长程脑电图监测对重症脑功能损伤的评价

目的　应用长程脑电图 (EEG)研究重症脑血管疾病的EEG动态变化 ,旨在建立评价脑功能损伤程度和预测预后的新方法。方法　对于CT或MRI证实病变位于大脑半球的急性重症 (GCS评分 <8分 )脑血管疾病患者进行床边长程脑电图动态监测 ,按Young氏分级标准分级判断 ,同时进行GCS -P评分。结果　EEG分级Ⅰ级的生存率为 6 1 9% ,EEG分级≥Ⅲ级的生存的可能性极小。EEG分级生存预测的准确率 92 31% ,死亡的预测准确率 70 5 9%。GCS -P生存的预测准确率84 6 2 % ,死亡的预测准确率 70 5 9%。结论　长程EEG动态监测和分级判断可以准确、客观地评价和预测重症脑血管疾病脑功能损伤的预后。     

重症脑血管疾病的脑电图分级评价标准研究

目的比较不同脑电图(EEG)分级标准对脑血管疾病后脑功能损伤评价及预测预后的作用,旨在建立脑血管疾病的EEG评估标准。方法对40例大脑半球病变的急性脑血管疾病患者进行EEG检测,并根据3种不同分级标准(Lavizzari、Synek和Young标准)进行EEG分级分析。结果3种不同标准的EEG分级与预后均有显著相关性(P均<0.001),EEG级别越高,预后越差。经Logistic回归分析,Synek标准对生存和综合预测的准确率最高(分别为90.9%和89.2%),Young标准(分别为81.8%和83.8%)低于Synek标准,但高于Lavizzari标准(分别为75.0%和80.0%)。结论根据Synek标准进行的EEG分级能更好地反映急性脑血管疾病后脑功能损伤的程度以及准确预测预后。     

动态脑电图监测重症脑血管疾病的临床研究

目的 探讨应用脑电图(EEG)改良分级标准动态监测EEG对脑血管疾病后脑功能损伤评价及动态预测预后的作用.方法 45例大脑半球病变的急性脑血管疾病患者进行EEG动态监测,并应用改良分级标准进行EEG分级分析.结果 EEG分级为Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级的动态变化率较高(60%、100%、65%),提示脑功能损伤存在可逆性,进行干预治疗的价值较高;EEG动态监测分级降低,患者有望生存;若EEG分级升高,则预示预后不良.结论 根据改良标准进行的EEG动态监测能较好地反映急性脑血管疾病后脑功能损伤的程度以及预测预后.     

体感诱发电位对重型颅脑损伤后长期意识障碍患者清醒预测分析

我院2012年11月~2013年11月所收治的92例重度颅脑损伤后意识障碍患者为研究对象,对患者的预后、清醒所需时间、SEP表现方式、是否手术、受伤机制、性别、年龄进行分析。结果 SEP分级与格拉斯哥预后评分、清醒所需时间之间显著相关(P<0.05),患者的分级过高以及昏迷时间过长均会导致其预后效果差,体感诱发电位对清醒预测的错误率为10.87%,准确率为78.26%,特异率为75%,敏感性为80.77%。在对重型颅脑损伤患者进行治疗时,通过对其进行SEP分级,不仅可以准确、客观的反映出患者的颅脑损伤程度,而且还可以反映出患者的清醒机会。     

长程脑电监测对急危重症脑血管病患者预后的评估

目的:探讨长程脑电图(EEG)对急危重症脑血管病患者脑功能及预后的评价。方法:发病72 h内、格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分(GCS)8分的急危重症脑血管病患者62例纳入研究,对患者进行长程EEG监测,并进行EEG分级和GCS评分。分析EEG分级与GCS评分及预后的关系,计算并比较长程EEG分级和GCS评分预测患者预后的准确率。结果:本组患者长程EEG分级与GCS评分呈负相关(r=-0.739,P0.001);长程EEG分级与患者预后呈正相关,(r=0.387,P=0.002)。长程EEG预测患者预后准确率为67.7%,GCS评分预测患者预后的准确率为62.9%,EEG分级预测患者预后的准确性高于GSC评分(P0.001)。结论:长程EEG分级与急危重症脑血管病患者预后显著相关,EEG分级预测患者预后的准确性高于GSC评分。     

脑电图分级标准在小儿脓毒性脑病预后判断中的价值

目的:探讨Young氏脓毒性脑病EEG分级标准和Young氏昏迷患者EEG分级标准在小儿脓毒性脑病预后预测中的临床价值.方法:于2007年1月至2009年12月,对在我院PICU治疗的22例脓毒性脑病患儿进行EEG监测.应用Young氏脓毒性脑病EEG分级标准和昏迷患者EEG分级标准预测预后.结果:生存组与死亡组比较,应用两种标准评判的EEG等级及GCS分值差异均有非常显著性(均P<0.01).按两种标准评判的EEG等级均与GCS分值呈显著性负相关(均P<0.01).脑病EEG标准、昏迷患者EEG标准及GCS对患儿预后预测的敏感性、特异性和准确率分别为100.00%、90.00%、92.86%,80.00%、94.12%、90.91%及80.00%、76.47%、77.27%,3种方法之间各项指标的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).各年龄组比较,按脑病标准EEG分级中Ⅰ、Ⅱ级病例数和V级病例数及按昏迷标准EEG分级中Ⅰ、Ⅱ级病例数和Ⅴ、Ⅵ级病例数,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论:Young氏两个脑电图分级标准在小儿脓毒性脑病预后判断方面都有较高的临床价值.     

应用神经电生理检测评估弥漫性轴索损伤患者脑功能状态及其预后

目的：探讨神经电生理对弥漫性轴索损伤预后的评估价值。方法：采用日本光电公司生产ME-543K型肌电图诱发电位仪。检查JCU病房中85例弥漫性轴索损伤患者的脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP）分析Ⅱ-Ⅰ-Ⅴ波，体感诱发电位(SEP)分析P15，N20、P25波检查结果分为正常和异常预后分为好转和死亡。结果：85例患者中好转60例，死亡25例。BAEP正常24例，异常61例，SEP正常25例，异常60例。当SEP异常时，病死率明显高于SEF正常时。而同时伴有BAEP异常时，病死率更高。30例患者SEP检查P15，N20，P25波均消失，其中25例死亡，病死率为83.3％。5例患者BAEP检查Ⅲ-Ⅴ波和SEP，检查P15，N20，P25波均消失，全部死亡，异常率为100％。结论：BAEP和SEP的正常与否与弥漫性轴索损伤的预后有密切关系(P=0．01)。SEP异常是判定的主要根据。BAEP和SEP相结合，则可以提高判断的准确性。对弥漫性轴索损伤患者进行动态的BAEP和SEP观察可提高判断的准确性。     

脑梗死急性期下肢运动功能恢复与体感诱发电位变化的关系

目的探讨体感诱发电位 (SEP)评定和预测脑梗死急性期患者下肢运动功能恢复的价值。方法按照脑血管疾病分类标准 ,选择脑梗死急性期患者 19例 (男性 13例、女性 6例 )作为病例组。同时 ,选择 18例非神经系统损伤患者 (男性 11例、女性7例 )作为对照组 ;在发病 7d内 ,检测并比较两组患者SEP的潜伏期和波幅值的改变 ;对病例组患者 ,于住院 3 0d时再次进行下肢SEP检测 ,并在两次SEP检测的同时进行下肢Fugl Meyer评定 (FMA) ,以对SEP潜伏期与FMA评分进行相关分析。 结果两组患者的下肢SEP潜伏期和波幅值差异有显著性意义 ;病例组患者住院 3 0d时的SEP潜伏期值较入院时明显缩短 (P <0 .0 1) ,并与下肢FMA评分有相关性 (r =0 .741— 0 .792 ,P <0 .0 1) ,但住院 3 0d时的SEP波幅值改变与入院时比较无显著性差异。结论脑梗死急性期患者入院时和住院 3 0d时下肢SEP潜伏期值的改变有统计学意义 ,并与FMA评分有相关性 ,说明SEP潜伏期值对预测脑梗死急性期患者下肢运动功能恢复有一定参考价值 ,但SEP波幅的敏感性较差。     

脑干听觉诱发电位和体感诱发电位对昏迷患者预后的判断

目的脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和体感诱发电位(SEP)与昏迷患者预后密切相关,探讨BAEP和SEP判断昏迷患者脑功能状态的可行性和准确性。方法采用丹麦Dantec公司生产Neuromatic2000型肌电图诱发电位仪。检查ICU病房中36例昏迷患者的BAEP和SEP。BAEP分析III-V波,SEP分析P15、N20、P25波。检查结果分为正常和异常。预后分为好转和死亡。结果36例患者,BAEP正常12例,异常24例。SEP正常13例,异常23例。好转13例,死亡23例。当SEP异常时,死亡率明显高于SEP正常时。而同时伴有BAEP异常时,死亡率更高。14例患者SEP检查P15、N20、P25波均消失,12例死亡,病死率为86%。5例患者BAEP检查III-V波和SEP检查P15、N20、P25波均消失,全部死亡,病死率为100%。结论BAEP和SEP的正常与否与昏迷患者的预后有密切关系(P=0.011)。SEP异常是判定的主要根据。BAEP和SEP相结合,则可以提高判断的准确性。对昏迷患者进行动态的BAEP和SEP观察可提高判断的准确性。     

Somatosensory evoked response and recovery from stroke

The purpose of this study was to evaluate median nerve short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) as prognostic indicators of functional outcome after right cerebral infarction. Twenty-six patients with right cerebral infarction were admitted to a rehabilitation unit and were classified into three groups based on the evoked potentials measured on admission. The SEP classification and nine other variables reported to predict recovery after stroke were evaluated for prediction of the final outcome measure, the Barthel Scale, using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Patients with normal SEP achieved a mean Barthel score of 95 +/- 3.9 SD, while patients with an amplitude asymmetry on SEP showed a mean Barthel score of 77.5 +/- 17.5 SD. The group with absence of cortical potentials had a mean Barthel score of 59.5 +/- 21.3 SD. Six predictors (Barthel admission score, SEP, electroencephalogram, Brunnstrom staging of the arm at the time of admission, joint position sense, and hemihypesthesia) were highly correlated with the Barthel outcome score (p less than 0.05 for all). The linear regression equation with three predictors (Barthel admission score, SEP, and homonymous hemianopsia) provided the best prediction of Barthel outcome score (p = 0.005). These data indicate that the Barthel admission score is the best predictor of functional level after stroke rehabilitation. Knowledge of the median SEP and homonymous hemianopsia improve this prediction.     

Conventional imaging and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography for predicting the clinical outcome of previously treated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) and combined conventional imaging on clinical stage and their ability to predict the clinical outcome of previously treated lymphoma patients. PROCEDURES: Seventy-eight patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) were studied with PET within a median interval of 5.3 months after treatment. Conventional imaging performed after treatment and within three months before PET included 3.3+/-1.3 imaging tests/patient. To determine the independent ability of PET for predicting clinical outcome, PET images were re-read in a blinded fashion. Study endpoints were disease-free survival, or clinical evidence of disease or death. RESULTS: PET downstaged 18 patients, upstaged nine and revealed the same stage as conventional imaging in 51 patients. Using the clinical outcome as gold standard, the positive and negative predictive values of PET were 95% and 83% versus 72% and 67% for conventional imaging (P<0.05). The prognostic accuracy of PET was superior to that of conventional imaging (90 vs. 71%; P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis for disease-free survival showed a significant difference between PET negative and PET positive results (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Whole-body FDG-PET imaging modified the clinical stage in 35% of lymphoma patients who were reevaluated after treatment. Moreover, FDG-PET predicted patient outcome with a higher predictive accuracy than conventional imaging. This superior prognostic accuracy was achieved with a single FDG-PET study versus multiple conventional imaging procedures/patient.     

Early prediction of outcome from cerebral trauma by somatosensory evoked potentials

The prognostic value of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) during the first 4 days after severe head injury was studied in a group of 100 ICU patients. There was a strong association between the presence of bilateral cortical potentials and a good recovery or moderate disability 6 months after injury. In contrast, the bilateral or unilateral absence of cortical potential was associated with severe disability, persistent vegetative state, or death in a high percentage of patients. A reliable prediction of outcomes was obtained from SEP recorded within 24 h of head injury. Predictive accuracy was not influenced by the time of recording or cumulative analysis of consecutive daily SEP over the first 4 days after injury. Short-latency SEP can provide a reliable and accurate prognosis for sedated and curarized patients, and can have an important role in the management and triage of patients with severe head injury who are undergoing intensive therapy.     

急性重症脑卒中早期心率变异的研究

目的 :研究急性重症脑卒中早期心率变异 (HRV)的变化及其临床意义 ,建立 HRV对脑功能损伤的评价标准。方法 :大脑半球部位脑卒中患者 3 5例 ,根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分 (GCS)分为急性重症组 (GCS≤ 8分17例 )和非重症组 (GCS>8分 18例 )。所有患者发病 5 d内进行 Holter连续监测。结果 :1重症组与非重症组相比 HRV明显降低 ,以反映植物神经总活性和副交感神经活性的指标突出。 2动态监测发现正常 RR间期标准差 (SDNN)≤ 60 ms、总频谱 (TF)≤ 15 0 0 ms2 / Hz、高频谱 (HF)≤ 60 0 ms2 / Hz、低频谱 (L F)≤ 10 0 0 ms2 / Hz是预测预后的界限值 ;上述指标低于界限值提示病情恶化 ,预后不良 ;高于界限值则预示病情向好的方向发展 ,预后良好 ,其动态变化早于传统的 GCS。 3多因素 L ogistic回归分析显示仅 TF、HF和 GCS3个变量的 P值具有显著性差异 ,预后良好的预测准确率为 82 .14 % ,预后不良的预测准确率为 88.89%。结论 :重症脑卒中患者反映植物神经总活性和副交感神经活性的 HRV指标明显降低 ,HRV是预测急性重症脑卒中预后的一个独立、敏感、定量的指标。动态监测 HRV可判断脑功能损伤程度 ,了解病情演变趋势 ,优于传统的临床指标     

Postacute predictors of functional and cognitive progress in traumatic brain injury: somatosensory evoked potentials

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of electrophysiologic studies performed during the postacute phase after traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: A prospective comparative study in which 26 patients with TBI participated. Patients were grouped according to their admission short-latency somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) results. Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied to different SEP groups to determine the differences among them in specific functional and cognitive outcome measures. SETTING: An inpatient brain injury rehabilitation unit. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six patients with TBI who were admitted to the rehabilitation center at the postacute phase for a late inpatient rehabilitation program and 15 age-matched healthy subjects who served as a control group for the electrophysiologic comparison. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Motricity Index, Barthel Index, Disability Rating Scale, Mini-Mental Status Exam, and Rancho Los Amigos Scale. RESULTS: Disability Rating Scale scores at discharge and rate of change of Barthel Index scores differed between median nerve SEP classification groups (p<.05 for both). Disability Rating Scale scores at admission (p<.05) and at discharge (p<.01), Barthel Index scores at discharge (p<.05), and rate of change of Barthel Index scores (p<.05) differed between tibial nerve SEP classification groups. There was a relation between Motricity Index side scores at discharge and the different body side SEP response groups (p<.0001). Cognitive results showed no relation to the SEP groups. CONCLUSIONS: Postacute SEP scores after a late admission to a rehabilitation center showed a relation to measures of functional and motor progress. Patients with better SEP responses were more likely to experience greater functional and motor improvement. Cognitive functions were not related to SEP results.     

经颅多普勒超声对脑死亡的诊断意义

目的:探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)对脑死亡的诊断意义。方法:选择临床拟诊断脑死亡患者32例,行TCD检查双侧大脑中动脉、基底动脉,每12 h观察1次,至少重复2次,终点事件为患者心跳不可逆停止,记录每种血流频谱出现的时间及持续时间。结果:所有患者均在发现振荡波后1-7 d内出现心跳不可逆停止,出现钉子波频谱后患者于0-48 h内出现心跳不可逆停止,出现血流信号消失的患者于0-12 h内出现心跳不可逆停止,每种频谱持续的时间长短不同。结论:在脑电图及诱发电位基础上行TCD检查可提高脑死亡诊断准确性达100%;脑死亡各种TCD频谱呈规律性改变,依次出现振荡波、钉子波及血流信号消失。     

重症颅脑损伤术后血清和肽素、胶质纤维酸性蛋白水平与患者预后的关系

目的 探讨重症颅脑损伤(sTBI)术后血清和肽素、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)水平与患者预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析2016年7月至2019年7月102例我院收治的sTBI患者临床资料,出院或死亡为终点事件,根据患者预后不同分为死亡组24例与存活组78例,多因素Logistic回归分析sTBI患者预后的影响因素,Spe...