多囊卵巢综合征患者血清脂肪细胞因子与胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的 探讨PCOS患者血清脂肪细胞因子与胰岛素敏感性的相关性.方法 将PCOS患者60例分为肥胖组PCOS36例、非肥胖组PCOS24例,将同期就诊的男方因素不孕症患者(正常体重)26例作对照组.进行内分泌代谢指标测定,采用空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)评估胰岛素敏感性;并应用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)、瘦素及C反应蛋白(CRP),放射免疫法测定血清脂联素(APN)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-6.结果 (1)肥胖组PCOS的血清APN为(10±7)mg/L,低于非肥胖组PCOSE(17±9)mg/L]和对照组,均P＜0.01;FFA为(548±105)μmol/L,高于非肥胖组PCOS[(427±67)μmoL/L]和对照组,P＜0.01;血清瘦素水平为(42±21)μg/L,高于非肥胖组PCOS[(24±13)μg/L]和对照组,均P＜0.01.非肥胖组PCOS与对照组间APN、FFA和瘦素差异无统计学意义.血清IL-6肥胖组PCOS[(173 4-184)ng/L]和非肥胖组PCOS[(184±44)ng/L]均高于对照组(P＜0.05、P＜0.01);血清TNF-α非肥胖组PCOS[(0.97±0.33)μg/L]和肥胖组PCOS[(0.82 4-0.21)μg/L]均高于对照组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);非肥胖组PCOS TNF-α高于肥胖组(P＜0.05).非肥胖组和肥胖组的PCOS患者血清中CRP高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(2)瘦素与人体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比及HOMA-IR呈正相关(P＜0.01),APN与BMI、腰臀比及HOMA-IR呈负相关(P＜0.01).(3)BMI和TNF-α是FINS的独立影响因素,APN是除FINS、空腹血葡萄糖、BMI外,对HOMA-IR的独立影响因素.结论 炎性因子可能参与了非肥胖型PCOS患者IR的发生;而肥胖型PCOS IR的进一步加重可能与其脂肪组织分泌瘦素、FFA增多及分泌APN减少相关.     

孕期饮用酒精对子代大鼠学习记忆及海马H2S/CBS系统的影响

目的 研究孕期饮用酒精对子代大鼠学习记忆及海马硫化氢(H2S)的影响.方法 建立大鼠孕期饮用酒精模型,子代成年后,检测学习记忆、海马组织H2S含量、胱硫醚β-合酶(cystathionine-betasynthase,CBS)活性,免疫组化检测海马区CBS蛋白表达.结果 学习记忆测试结果显示孕期饮用酒精组子鼠学习记忆成绩[(43.00±15.33)次]比正常对照组和饮酒对照组明显下降[(25.13±12.35)次和(26.12±11.95)次,P＜0.05)];孕期饮用酒精组子鼠海马组织H2S含量[(30.32±5.84) nmol/g]较正常对照组[ (52.51±7.85) nmol/g]和饮酒对照组[(49.93±4.29) nmol/g]明显下降(P＜0.01);孕期饮用酒精组子鼠海马组织CBS活性[(55.13±4.45) nmol/g]较正常对照组[(71.06±5.58) nmol/g]和饮酒对照组[ (69.96±6.13) nmol/g]明显下降(P＜0.01);孕期饮用酒精组子鼠海马区CBS蛋白表达较正常对照组和饮酒对照组明显下降.结论 孕期饮用酒精对子代大鼠的神经损伤可能与H2S/CBS系统的下调有关.     

畲药嘎狗噜对肢体缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠凝血功能影响研究

目的观察嘎狗噜水煎液对肢体缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠凝血功能的影响。方法 SD大鼠30只,采用阻断股动脉建立肢体缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型。随机分为治疗组、假手术组、模型组,各10只,分别以嘎狗噜全草水煎液和等剂量生理盐水灌胃。全自动血凝分析仪检测各组大鼠凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、血浆凝血酶时间(TT);全自动生化分析仪测定血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及肌肝(Cr)等指标。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠PT和APTT显著缩短[(9.03±0.74)s比(9.89±0.72)s,(20.45±1.70)s比(24.24±5.41)s,P0.05)],Fib含量增加[(1.86±0.17)g/L比(1.67±0.22)g/L,P0.05],TT变化不显著(P0.05);LDH、Cr含量显著增高[(791.10±213.6)U/L比(526.50±182.33)U/L,(32.44±6.47)μmol/L比(26.85±4.09)μmol/L,P0.01,P0.05]。与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠PT[(10.15±0.78)s]和APTT[(25.36±2.08)s]显著延长(P0.01),而Fib含量无明显差异(P0.05),TT[(20.65±3.03)s比(24.94±2.41)s]显著缩短(P0.01);LDH[(573.90±142.37)U/L]、Cr[(24.34±5.92)μmol/L]含量显著降低(P0.05,P0.01)。结论嘎狗噜能够通过改善凝血/纤溶功能及代谢环境,有效减轻肢体缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的损害程度。     

子痫前期患者血清对氧磷酶活性及脂质过氧化与血脂变化的相关性研究

目的 探讨血清中对氧磷酶(PON)活性,脂质过氧化物(丙二醛)对子痫前期(PE)患者血脂变化的影响及其与病情严重程度的相关性. 方法 入选60例PE孕妇作为试验组,健康孕晚期妇女40例作为对照组.分别检测两组受试者血清中PON活性,脂质过氧化物与血脂变化情况.结果 重度PE组患者PON活性[(81.86±29.68)kU/L]较轻度PE组[(115.80±27.25)kU/L]明显降低,轻度PE组亦明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重度PE组丙二醛水平[(7.11±1.52)nmol/L]较轻度PE组[(5.16±1.02)nmol/L]明显升高,轻度PE组较对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重度PE组、轻度PE组三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且与对照组比较,差异亦均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 PON活性、脂质过氧化物、脂蛋白与PE发病及病情轻重程度有关.     

奥美沙坦对肥胖大鼠肝脏甘油三酯代谢的影响

目的 观察血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂奥美沙坦对胰岛素抵抗的Zucker肥胖大鼠(ZF鼠)肝脏甘油三酯(TG)代谢的影响.方法 8周龄ZF鼠(22只)及其对照(ZL鼠,12只)分别给予含0.01%奥美沙坦饮用水治疗4周.结果 奥美沙坦在两组大鼠均明显降低了血压.ZF鼠的胰岛素敏感性指数[SI,(0.31±0.22)μU·ml-1·min-1·10-4vs(3.54±0.30)μu·ml-1·min-1·10-4,P＜0.01)]和葡萄糖效应[(SG,(1.35±0.51)min-1·10-2vs(3.40±0.14)min-1·10-2,P＜0.01)较ZL鼠明显减低,而血糖水平明显升高[(11.4±2.6)mmol/L vs(9.2±0.6)mmol/L,P＜0.01],奥美沙坦治疗后SI和SG明显改善.ZF鼠血TG浓度为ZL鼠的6倍,奥美沙坦治疗明显降低了ZF鼠的血游离脂肪酸水平[治疗前2.70±0.69 mmol/L vs治疗后(1.98±0.43)mmol/L,P＜0.01],但对血TG水平无明显影响(P＞0.05).奥美沙坦使ZF鼠肝甘油三酯分泌率(TGSR)下降了50%[(0.56±0.08)mg·min-1·100 g-1 vs(0.30±0.07)mg·min-1·100 g-1,P＜0.01].奥美沙坦治疗后(12.8±1.7)mg/g,肝脏甘油三酯含量比治疗前[(22.7±4.2)mg/g明显降低,P＜0.01)],而肝胆固醇含量不受影响.奥美沙坦治疗后ZF鼠肝细胞脂滴沉积明显得到改善.结论 奥美沙坦对肥胖大鼠肝脏甘油三酯的产生和积累有明显的抑制作用;这一作用不依赖于药物的降压效应.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血清瘦素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的:探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者血清瘦素水平及其与胰岛素抵抗(IR)的关系.方法:测量研究对象的身高、体质量,行多导睡眠图(PSG)检查.根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)和体块指数(BMI)将研究对象分为四组:A组肥胖OSAS患者16例(BMI≥27,AHI≥5);B组非肥胖OSAS患者10例(BMI＜25,AHI≥5);C组单纯肥胖10例(BMI≥27,AHI＜5);D组对照10例(BMI＜25,AHI＜5).瘦素及胰岛素测定采用放免法,血糖采用葡萄糖氧化酶法.结果:①A,B,C三组空腹胰岛素水平分别为(15.6±3.6),(11.7±2.3),(11.3±2.5)mU/L,均较D组(9.1±1.8)mU/L升高(P＜0.01),且A组胰岛素也显著高于B,C组(P＜0.01);②A,B,C三组瘦素水平分别为(6.6±1.4),(4.7±0.9),(4.2±0.7)μg/L均较D组(3.4±1.0)μg/L非常显著升高(P＜0.05～0.01),且A组瘦素也显著高于B,C(P＜0.01);③A,B,C三组稳态模式估计法(HOMA)胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)分别为(4.0±1.4),(3.0±0.8),(2.8±0.6),均较D组显著升高(2.1±0.6)(P＜0.05～0.01),且A组HOMA-IR也显著高于B,C组(P＜0.01);④OSAS患者血清瘦素水平与空腹胰岛素水平,BMI,HOMA-IR正相关,相关系数分别为:0.4074(P＜0.05),0.7543(P＜0.01),0.4312(P＜0.05),0.4352(P＜0.05).结论:OSAS患者血清瘦素水平及HOMA胰岛素敏感指数明显高于单纯肥胖组及对照组,OSAS患者体内瘦素水平可能与其IR有关.     

针刺对实验性肥胖大鼠减肥作用及脂肪细胞形态研究

目的观察针刺对肥胖大鼠的减肥作用及其对脂肪细胞形态的影响.方法建立实验性肥胖大鼠模型,分组观察针刺对肥胖大鼠的体质量、附睾脂肪、肾周脂肪、心包周脂肪及肝肾重量的影响,并采用HE染色法观察脂肪细胞形态的变化.结果肥胖大鼠体质量[(512.24±13.56)g]、附睾周脂肪[(5.14±1.57)g]、肾周脂肪[(8.12±2.86)g]、心包周脂肪[(1.04±0.18)g]及白色脂肪细胞的体积[(3.56±2.50)μm3]均显著高于正常大鼠水平;针刺治疗后,针刺组大鼠体质量[(442.10±30.32)g]、附睾周脂肪[(3.57±0.50)g]、肾周脂肪[(5.84±2.47)g]、心包周脂肪[(0.72±0.05)g]及白色脂肪细胞的体积[(1.70±1.25)μm3]均显著下降,大鼠白色脂肪细胞的体积缩小,胞体塌陷,棕色脂肪血管周围的白色脂肪减少.结论针刺对肥胖大鼠白色脂肪细胞形态的影响可能是实现减肥的形态基础.     

脂糖舒对肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和脂质过氧化的影响

目的探讨脂糖舒对营养性肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和脂质过氧化的影响。方法Wistar大鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、脂糖舒-1组(1.0g/kg)和脂糖舒-2组(2.0g/kg),每组10只。正常组喂普通饲料,模型组用高脂高糖饲料喂养9周诱导营养性肥胖大鼠模型,脂糖舒高低剂量组用高脂高糖饲料喂养并用不同剂量的脂糖舒(1.0g/kg,2.0g/kg)灌胃给药。测定与胰岛素抵抗相关的各项指标及血清SOD、GSH-Px活性和MDA的含量。结果脂糖舒能有效地控制肥胖大鼠的腹内脂肪质量、Lee’s指数、胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)以及血糖的增加,显著增强SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低血清MDA的含量(P<0.01);同时还能提高肥胖大鼠的胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI),与模型组比较,P<0.01,差异有显著性。且脂糖舒两剂量组间降低IRI和升高ISI作用呈量效正相关(P<0.01)。结论脂糖舒对营养性肥胖大鼠血糖、胰岛素抵抗及脂质过氧化有明显的改善作用。     

单纯性肥胖儿童血清瘦素及胰岛素测定

目的:探讨儿童肥胖与激素水平变化的关系.方法:分别检测肥胖和正常儿童血清瘦素和胰岛素水平,并分析二者之间的关系.结果:单纯性肥胖儿童体内瘦素平均水平为(34.21±15.92)μg/L,胰岛素平均水平为(14.56±7.23)mIU/L;正常儿童体内瘦素平均水平为(12.40±3.77) μg/L,胰岛素平均水平为(5.75±5.07)mIU/L,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);肥胖儿童体内瘦素与胰岛素呈正相关(r=0.37,P＜0.01).结论:单纯性肥胖儿童体内瘦素与胰岛素的分泌明显高于正常儿童,2激素水平在肥胖儿童中呈正相关.     

胰岛素抵抗大鼠内脏脂肪量与脂代谢紊乱的相关性研究

目的探讨高脂饲料诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠内脏脂肪量与脂代谢紊乱的关系。方法采用高脂饲料喂养建立胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型,并用正常血糖-高血浆胰岛素钳夹技术评估。血脂分析采用酶测定法,游离脂肪酸测定采用比色法。结果高脂饲料组大鼠的葡萄糖输注率明显低于基础饲料组[GIR60～120(0.76±0.28)vs(4.26±0.70)mg/(kg·min),P<0.01];高脂饲料组大鼠附睾周围脂肪重量[(3.06±0.71)vs(1.91±0.77)g,P<0.01]及其占体重的百分比[(1.13±0.18)%vs(0.70±0.21)%,P<0.01]、血清三酰甘油[(0.11±0.01)vs(0.05±0.01)mmol/L,P<0.01]和游离脂肪酸水平[(0.25±0.01)vs(0.12±0.01)μmol/L,P<0.01]均明显高于基础饲料组;大鼠内脏脂肪量(内脏脂肪占体重百分比)与GIR60-120负相关(r=-0.72,P=0.020)、与血清三酰甘油(r=0.74,P=0.014)和游离脂肪酸(r=0.72,P=0.020)水平正相关。结论高脂饲料诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠内脏脂肪堆积可能是产生脂代谢紊乱和胰岛素...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.