大学生自尊状况及其相关因素分析

目的探讨大学生的自尊状况,分析相关因素.方法采取整群分层取样的方法,随机抽取河南新乡地区512名在校大学生.对他们进行缺陷感量表、抑郁量表、焦虑量表、社会支持量表、社会应对方式问卷、艾森克人格问卷的测试.结果除体能因子分[男性(20.70±6.12)分,女性(18.69±6.36)分,P＜0.01]外(t=3.624),缺陷感量表的总分和其他因子分在性别上差异无显著性(P＞0.05).三年级学生在社交自信因子和自尊总分方面高于一年级、二年级,差异有显著性(F=4.44,P＜0.01).逐步多元回归分析表明:影响大学生自尊水平因素主要有:神经质、内外向、积极应对方式、焦虑、抑郁.自尊水平与积极应对(r=0.153)、内外向(r=0.191)呈正相关,而与抑郁(r=-0.148)、焦虑(r=-0.173)、神经质(r=-0.330)呈显著负相关.结论大学生缺陷感量表体能因子有性别差异,总分和其他因子分性别差异无显著性;大学生自尊水平有随年级增长而提高的趋势;神经质、内外向、焦虑、积极应对方式、抑郁与大学生的自尊水平显著相关.     

大学生自尊状况及其相关因素分析

目的探讨大学生的自尊状况,分析相关因素。方法采取整群分层取样的方法,随机抽取河南新乡地区512名在校大学生。对他们进行缺陷感量表、抑郁量表、焦虑量表、社会支持量表、社会应对方式问卷、艾森克人格问卷的测试。结果除体能因子分[男性(20.70±6.12)分,女性(18.69±6.36)分,P<0.01]外(t=3.624),缺陷感量表的总分和其他因子分在性别上差异无显著性(P>0.05)。三年级学生在社交自信因子和自尊总分方面高于一年级、二年级,差异有显著性(F=4.44,P<0.01)。逐步多元回归分析表明:影响大学生自尊水平因素主要有:神经质、内外向、积极应对方式、焦虑、抑郁。自尊水平与积极应对(r=0.153)、内外向(r=0.191)呈正相关,而与抑郁(r=-0.148)、焦虑(r=-0.173)、神经质(r=-0.330)呈显著负相关。结论大学生缺陷感量表体能因子有性别差异,总分和其他因子分性别差异无显著性;大学生自尊水平有随年级增长而提高的趋势;神经质、内外向、焦虑、积极应对方式、抑郁与大学生的自尊水平显著相关。     

高原地区军人焦虑及其相关因素研究

目的了解高原地区军人焦虑状况及其相关因素.方法采用焦虑自评量表、自动思维问卷、简易应对方式问卷、青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表和艾森克个性问卷对267名高原地区军人进行测评.结果高原地区军人的焦虑水平(37.22±6.64)显著高于全国常模(t=17.92,P<0.01);焦虑与自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、精神质和神经质呈显著正相关(r=0.459,0.242,0.524,0.275,0.518,P<0.01),与社会支持呈显著负相关(r=-0.273,P<0.01);多因素回归分析表明(R2=0.367):自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质和神经质对高原地区军人心理健康水平均有预测性,其中生活事件和神经质直接影响焦虑,自动思维、消极应、精神质对和社会支持间接导致焦虑.结论高原地区军人有较高的焦虑水平,对高原地区军人焦虑的发生,自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质和神经质既存在直接影响又有交互作用.     

驻岛新兵心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的：研究上岛新兵的心理健康及其相关因素,为其心理卫生工作提供参考．方法：采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对106名上岛新兵进行心理评估,并与中国新兵常模进行比较,分析其心理健康状况特点,采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、简易应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、自尊量表、自编的生活事件量表进行社会心理影响因素分析。结果：上岛新兵SCL-90各因子分均高于中国新兵常模,而且在强迫、人际敏感、焦虑、敌意、精神病性因子上有显著性差异,SCL-90总分及阳性项数也有极其显著差异,他们的心理健康与其人格的神经质与精神质维度、消极应对方式、生活事件均呈显著的正相关,与自尊呈显著的负相关关系．结论：上岛新兵心理健康状况普遍低于中国新兵常模,其影响因素依次为生活事件、神经质、消极应对和内外向。     

医学研究生亚健康状态及相关因素的研究

目的 探讨医学研究生亚健康状态的现状及其相关影响因素,为促进医学研究生身心健康提供依据.方法 采用亚健康状态自评表、研究生心理压力源量表、简易应对方式问卷及社会支持评定量表对689名医学研究生进行调查研究.结果 ①52.7%的医学研究生处于亚健康状态.②亚健康状态与心理压力源7个维度(r=0.527;r=0.501;r=0.438;r=0.471;r=0.417;r=0.420;r=0.318)、消极应对方式(r=0.275)呈显著正相关(均P＜0.01),与客观支持(r=-0.229)、主观支持(r=-0.277)、支持利用度(r=-0.184)、积极应对(r=-0.213)呈显著负相关(均P＜0.01).③多元回归分析表明,影响医学研究生亚健康状态的因素依次为学业压力(sβ=0.242,P＜0.01),消极应对(sβ=0.198,P＜0.01),经济压力(sβ=0.186,P＜0.01),人际交往压力(sβ=0.161,P＜0.01),积极应对(sβ=-0.146,P＜0.01),主观支持(sβ=-0.127,P＜0.01),就业前途压力(sβ=0.082,P＜0.05).结论 亚健康状态在医学研究生中普遍存在;亚健康状态与学业压力,消极应对,经济压力,人际交往压力,积极应对,主观支持,就业前途压力密切相关.     

黑龙江省中级刑警人格及应对方式分析

目的探讨中级刑警的人格及应对方式特征.方法采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对236名黑龙江省中级刑警进行现况调查.结果中级刑警的精神质(P)维度得分[(5.64±3.00)分]明显低于常模[(7.32±3.29)分](P＜0.01),内外倾(E)、神经质(N)维度得分[E:(12.67±3.80)分;N:(11.70±4.41)分]明显高于常模[(9.65±4.37)分,(10.23±4.59)分](P＜0.01,P＜0.01).各年龄组的P分刑警组低于常模(P＜0.05),E分刑警组高于常模(P＜0.05),40～49岁组N分[(11.66±4.52)分]刑警组高于常模[(9.23±4.74)分](P＜0.01).刑警的积极应对方式均分[(1.96±0.45)分]高于常模[(1.78±0.52)分](P＜0.01),消极应对方式均分[(1.45±0.61)分]低于常模[(1.59±0.66)分](P＜0.01).精神质维度得分与积极应对方式均分呈负相关(r=-0.20,P＜0.01),与消极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.20,P＜0.01).内外倾维度得分与积极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.25,P＜0.01),神经质维度得分与消极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.44,P＜0.05).结论黑龙江省中级刑警的人格特征及应对方式与普通人群存在明显不同,有其职业本身的特点.     

圃体心理辅导对交往焦虑新兵的直对方式、社会支持、自尊的影Ⅱ睫

目的探讨人际交往团体训练对改善高交往焦虑新兵的有效性及可行性。方法选取交往焦虑得分大于49分的64名武警新兵为研究对象,随机分成实验组和对照组．每组各32人。两组与其他战士一样参与正常的军事训练和心理训练,并共同参加一次以人际交往为主题的心理健康教育课。对实验组进行为期6周的人际交往团体训练,实验前后分别测查交往焦虑量表（IAS）自尊量表（SES）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）,比较实验组和对照组得分,以评估干预的效果。结果经6周团体咨询后,实验组除应对方式中消极应对无显著差异外,交往焦虑得分、积极的应对方式、领悟社会支持、自尊等明显改善（P〈0．05）。结论团体心理辅导不仅能够有效降低新兵交往焦虑水平,还能提高新兵的自尊、领悟社会支持和积极应对。     

失智症患者照顾者照顾感受、应对方式及社会支持对疲劳的影响

目的 探讨失智症患者照顾者的照顾感受、应对方式和社会支持对疲劳的影响.方法 运用照顾者负担量表、照顾者积极感受量表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表和疲劳量表对重庆市190名失智症患者的照顾者进行问卷调查,并对结果进行路径分析.结果 失智症患者照顾者的疲劳分别与照顾负担(r=0.56,P＜0.01)和消极应对方式(r=0.31,P＜0.01)呈显著正相关,与积极感受(r=-0.33,P＜0.01)、社会支持(r=-0.36,P＜0.01)及积极应对方式(r=-0.55,P＜0.01)呈显著负相关.路径分析显示:应对方式、社会支持直接影响疲劳;照顾负担可以直接影响疲劳,也可通过社会支持、应对方式间接影响疲劳;积极感受既可以减轻疲劳,又会因消极应对而加重疲劳.结论 预防或减轻失智症患者照顾者疲劳,应鼓励其采取积极的应对方式,增加社会支持,从而减少照顾负担、增加积极感受.     

高原军人自测健康状况及其影响因素的研究

目的了解高原军人的自测健康状况及其影响因素.方法采用随机整群抽样法,选择驻西藏某部队官兵490名,应用自测健康评定量表、艾森克个性问卷、生活事件量表、领悟社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷进行调查.结果高原军人的自测健康状况高于平均水平(6.51～7.93分);人格的内外向和神经质维度、生活事件、社会支持、积极应对、消极应对与自测健康各子量表的得分和总分相关显著(r=0.11～0.59,P <0.01);多元回归结果表明,人格的内外向和神经质维度、社会支持、人际和工作环境事件因子、积极和消极应对是影响高原军人自测健康状况的主要因素.结论高原军人的自测健康状况尚好,保持情绪的稳定、完善个性、寻求社会支持、减轻生活事件的影响、采用积极的应对行为是提高他们健康状况的有效途径.     

大学生自尊、理性分析与社交焦虑的关系

目的 探讨大学生自尊与社交焦虑之间的关系,以及理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑中的中介与调节效应.方法 采用方便取样方法,在北京某大学540名大学生中进行施测,其中女生376人,男生164人,完成自我意识量表一社交焦虑分量表、自尊量表及认知性情绪调节问卷-理性分析分量表.结果 理性分析策略的运用与自尊水平呈显著正相关(r=0.12,P＜0.01),与社交焦虑状况呈显著负相关(r=-0.10,P＜0.05);自尊水平与社交焦虑呈显著负相关(r=-0.35,P＜0.01).理性分析策略在自尊和社交焦虑之间的关系起部分中介作用(AR2 =0.124,P＜0.05)及调节作用(F=30.717,P＜0.01).结论 大学生的自尊水平与其社交焦虑水平显著负相关,理性分析策略在自尊与社交焦虑的关系起部分中介作用;并且理性分析策略能够增强自尊对社交焦虑的直接影响.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.